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Search for knowledge and professional scepticism of accounting students – an experimental study

100%
Ciołek M.
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
|
2018
|
issue 515
243-256
EN
The purpose of this study is to examine whether university accounting programs shape such ‘search for knowledge’ trait in significantly more effective comparing other university programs in the field of economy. For this purpose I conducted an experimental study using Hurtt Professional Skepticism Scale – HPSS which is one of the most recognized skepticism measures. I surveyed 432 students of Poznań University of Economics who follow either accounting program or management program (control group). The results showed that only programs in accounting increased the mean level of ‘search for knowledge’ trait significantly comparing to management program. The robustness analysis showed that gender, professional experience and length of service had no statistically significant impact on results.
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A study of oxidative stress and pulmonary damage after silica instillation in rats and the effect of curcumin administration

86%
Barsan M., Rajnoveanu A. G., Cocarla A., Bolfa P., Login C. C., Socaciu A. I., Decea N., Leucuta D.-C.
Medycyna Pracy
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2021
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vol. 72
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issue 3
239-247
EN
BackgroundThe authors’ aim was to study the dynamics of oxidative stress in experimental exposure to silica dust, to evaluate the histopathological findings in the phase preceding the formation of fibrous/fibrohyaline pulmonary nodules, and to assess the effects of curcumin administration.Material and MethodsThe research was performed on 48 male Wistar rats with an average weight of 320 g. Overall, 38 rats were instilled with a single dose of 0.3 ml suspension containing 30 mg of a SiO2/ml saline solution, and were sacrificed 30, 90 and 120 days after instillation; 14 of those sacrificed on days 90 and 120 also received curcumin. The control group included 10 animals which were instilled with a saline solution. Malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonyl proteins (CPs), total thiolic proteins (TPs) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were determined in blood and the lung tissue. The standard technique for pulmonary toxicology developed by Porter was applied to semi-quantitatively assess the histopathological findings.ResultsIt was found that MDA had increased significantly early on in both biological environments and remained elevated, and adding curcumin proved beneficial, while CPs only increased moderately in the lung tissue without a curcumin impact. Moreover, TPs dropped abruptly, significantly and persistently in the lung tissue and blood, and were not influenced by curcumin. Finally, GSH decreased significantly and intensely in the lung tissue and blood, with curcumin lowering the levels towards those found within the control group. The histopathological examination identified nodules of a cellular type, without any fibrosis, but with spots of associated lipoproteinosis. The early lesions in the airways and vessels were suggestive of a remodeling process. Curcumin diminished the occurrence of alveolitis but not the remodeling process.ConclusionsThe study confirms the early onset of oxidative stress in experimental silicosis. It also simultaneously and dynamically researches markers of oxidative stress in blood and the lung tissue. Curcumin proved beneficial on oxidative stress and lesions in the alveolar epithelia, but ineffective in preventing vascular and airway remodeling. Med Pr. 2021;72(3):239–47
3
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Comparison of the effectiveness and efficiency of various forms of distance learning - an experimental study

86%
Kusztelak P., Pacholak A.
e-mentor
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2022
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vol. 96
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issue 4
4-13
EN
The aim of this paper is to compare various forms of distance learning in terms of the effectiveness and efficiency of teaching and their subjective evaluation by students. Three forms of remote teaching were analysed for the elective general university course in the winter semester of the 2020/2021 academic year: G1 – with all materials embedded on an e-learning platform for fully asynchronous learning – and with no live meetings, but specially prepared video tutorials replacing them, G2 – with materials embedded on an e-learning platform and lectures conducted synchronously through videoconferences (without video recordings), G3 – with materials embedded on an e-learning platform, synchronous lectures via video conferences and their recordings available afterwards. Final grades, a record of activity at the e-learning platform and the results of questionnaires collected from all participants of the course were taken into account when carrying out the statistical analysis. The analysis proved that the most effective form of learning (the lowest number of hours devoted to learning in order to pass the subject, as well as the percentage of students who completed the course) was the one applied in group G1. According to the opinions of the students, the highest level of satisfaction from the classes was recorded for group G2. The research brings various implications for practice or policy: for teachers interested in improving the effectiveness of their online teaching; for teachers preparing an intervention with the aim of improving students’ remote learning engagement and its quality; supporting teachers’ research engagement in the improvement of educational standards and systems; and learning planners can use these insights helpful in planning online learning projects.
4
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Przed i aż do. Badanie eksperymentalne dwóch przyimków czasowych

71%
Winkowski J.
Polonica
|
2019
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vol. 39
5-27
EN
The article concerns monotonicity properties of two temporal operators, namely before and until. Every natural language operator can be either monotone increasing, monotone decreasing or non-monotone. Usually, the first two mean that it preserves or reverses the direction of entailment. However monotonicity does not have to be defined in terms of entailment. In the paper three types of monotonicity are defined: with respect to temporal precedence, to the relation of being a sub-event, and to entailment. In this framework different definitions for before and until are proposed. Using these definitions I state exact empirical predictions, which are then tested in an empirical study.
PL
Artykuł ten dotyczy monotoniczności dwóch operatorów czasowych, mianowicie przed i aż do. Wszystkie operatory języka naturalnego mogą być albo monotonicznie rosnące, monotonicznie malejące albo niemonotoniczne. Pierwsze dwie z tych własności zazwyczaj oznaczają, że operator zachowuje albo odwraca kierunek wynikania. Jednak monotoniczność nie musi być definiowana za pomocą pojęcia wynikania. W artykule definiuję trzy rodzaje monotoniczności: ze względu na poprzedzanie w czasie, ze względu na relację bycia podzdarzeniem i ze względu na wynikanie. Te rodzaje monotoniczności pozwalają przedstawić różne definicje operatorów przed i aż do. Dzięki nim wysnute zostają przewidywania, które zostają następnie sprawdzone eksperymentalnie.
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