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EN
Background Professionals working with trauma victims can experience both negative and positive effects following exposure to secondary trauma. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between secondary traumatic stress (STS), secondary posttraumatic growth (SPTG) and cognitive coping strategies and to establish the mediating role of cognitive coping strategies in the relationship between STS and SPTG. Material and Methods A group of 500 professionals working with trauma survivors were surveyed. The Secondary Traumatic Stress Inventory, the Secondary Posttraumatic Growth Inventory and the Cognitive Processing of Trauma Scale was used. Results The results indicated that 29% of professionals demonstrate a high intensity of STS, and nearly 34% exhibit a high level of SPTG. Denial and regret were positively correlated with STS; positive cognitive restructuring, resolution/acceptance and downward comparison were positively related to SPTG. Two cognitive coping strategies, i.e., positive cognitive restructuring and downward comparison, were found to act as mediators in the relationship between STS and SPTG. Conclusions Understanding the effects of secondary exposure to trauma and the coping responses of professionals working with trauma survivors will support the development of prevention and intervention actions aimed at protecting them from the deleterious impact of exposure to secondary trauma at work and promoting secondary posttraumatic growth.
EN
Aim. The aim of the undertaken research was to determine the severity of secondary traumatic stress and secondary posttraumatic growth and their links with workload among nurses exposed to secondary trauma. Study group and methods. The analysis included the results obtained from 281 nurses exposed to secondary trauma. The age of the respondents ranged from 20 to 65 years (M = 42.62, SD = 11.43). The study used a survey, as well as the Secondary Traumatic Stress Inventory and the Secondary Posttraumatic Growth Inventory. Results. The obtained results indicated a high intensity of secondary traumatic stress and a moderate intensity of secondary growth after trauma in the studied group of nurses. Among the three workload indices included, the number of working hours per week devoted to helping patients is significantly associated with secondary stress – negatively and secondary growth – positively, also acting as a predictor of these variables. Conclusions. A large number of hours of work with patients seems to play a role that protects nurses from the development of negative and favors the occurrence of positive consequences of secondary exposure to trauma.
PL
Cel. Celem podjętych badań było ustalenie nasilenia wtórnego stresu traumatycznego i wtórnego wzrostu po traumie oraz ich powiązań z obciążeniem pracą wśród pielęgniarek eksponowanych na wtórną traumę. Grupa badana i metody. Do analizy włączono wyniki uzyskane od 281 pielęgniarek narażonych na wtórną traumę. Wiek badanych mieścił się w zakresie 20-65 lat (M = 42,62, SD = 11,43). W badaniach wykorzystano ankietę, Inwentarz Wtórnego Stresu Traumatycznego oraz Inwentarz Wtórnego Wzrostu Potraumatycznego. Wyniki. Uzyskane wyniki badań wskazały na wysokie nasilenie wtórnego stresu i umiarkowane nasilenie wtórnego wzrostu potraumatycznego w badanej grupie pielęgniarek. Wśród uwzględnionych trzech wskaźników obciążenia pracą zwłaszcza liczba godzin pracy w tygodniu przeznaczana na pomoc pacjentom w istotny sposób wiązała się ujemnie z wtórnym stresem i dodatnio z wtórnym wzrostem - pełniąc także rolę predyktora tych zmiennych. Wnioski. Duża liczba godzin pracy z pacjentami zdaje się pełnić rolę chroniącą pielęgniarki przed rozwojem negatywnych i sprzyjać występowaniu pozytywnych konsekwencji wtórnej ekspozycji na traumę. Słowa kluczowe: ekspozycja na wtórną traumę, wtórny stres, wtórny wzrost, obciążenie pracą, pielęgniarki
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