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EN
The paper presents main directions of family policy in Poland. The author distinguishes and analyses three main periods: the transformation period (1989–1997), the transition period (1997–2005), and the mature period (2005–2015). The paper identifies and discusses three most durable characteristics of the Polish model of family policy, i.e. the lack of coherence and institutional integrity, pro-natalism, and familialism. In general, differences between main political actors in the area of family policy have not been significant. However, the tensions between pro-market and culturally conservative ideas have influenced the policies to the largest extent.
EN
Family care is the backbone of long-term care systems in Europe. However, in European countries, expectations fortowards care in the old age are different, and so is the approach of the states to support long-term care. It is associated with the occurrence of different models of familialism - optional in northern Europe, through direct in Western Europe to hidden in southern Europe. In the analysis of ways of supporting eldercare, the example of Portugal was used, in which the family relatively late but systemically began to obtain support in the face of advanced aging processes of the population.
PL
Opieka sprawowana przez rodzinę jest podstawą systemów opieki długoterminowej w Europie. Jednakże w państwach europejskich oczekiwanie co do opieki na starość są różne, różne jest także podejście państwa do wspierania opieki długoterminowej. Wiąże się to z występowaniem odmiennych modeli familializmu - z opcjonalnym na północy Europy, przez bezpośredni w Europie Zachodniej do ukrytego na południu Europy. W analizie sposobów wsparcia opieki nad seniorem posłużono się przykładem Portugalii, w której rodzina stosunkowo późno, ale systemowo zaczęła uzyskiwać wsparcie w obliczu zaawansowanych procesów starzenia się populacji.
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