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EN
Since the earliest age, each man plays various interrelated and coexisting roles in their family, social and professional life. Individual roles are realised simultaneously or sequentially and remain in relationship. Each role may complement, expand or disturb the course of a career in life. Undoubtedly, family/personal life and work are the key areas of human life. One cannot treat both these areas as independent of each other. There exists a continuous spillover between them – a natural, dynamic process developing over the entire course of human life. The effective integration of the spheres of work and family functioning is conditioned by many factors. On the basis of the literature, we can divide the determinants of the integration of these two roles into two categories: environmental, resulting, for instance, from the specific nature of the workplace or organization, the roles fulfilled, and the profession; individual, which can be associated with the properties of the individual, such as gender, age, education, children, or the status of the relationship, or they may result from the structure of the personality and the mental properties of the individual, such as motivation, values, level of commitment, mental health, physical health, etc. One of the crucial elements in the process of balancing work and family roles is the personality. The research on this issue indicates that among the dimensions of personality that have particular importance are neuroticism and extraversion, which significantly affect the direction and quality of the spillover between these two spheres of functioning. The aim of presented study was verify personality predictors of work-life balance among women. The survey involved 160 women with the various education, working professionally and possessing the least one child.
EN
There is no doubt that today professional roles and family life are interpenetrating spheres. The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between work-family conflict (WFC) and family-work conflict (FWC) as well as emotional intelligence and self-esteem in the group of people employed in managerial positions. Participants were 217 managers (102 women and 115 men). Role conflict has been measured with a Polish version of a questionnaire “Work-Family and Family-Work Conflict Scales” Netemeyer, Boles, McMurrian; emotional intelligence has been measured with Polish “Test of Emotional Intelligence” (TIE) Śmieja and others; self-esteem has been measured with a Polish adaptation of a “Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale—SES” Dzwonkowska and others. Self-esteem coexists with emotional intelligence of the subjects and is an intermediary variable, mediating in relation to emotional intelligence with role conflicts. The research results show that there are no correlations between role conflicts and the age of the managers, their seniority and the number of directly subordinate employees.
PL
Nie ulega wątpliwości, że współcześnie role zawodowe i życie rodzinne są sferami wzajemnie przenikającymi się. Celem badania była analiza związków między konfliktem praca−rodzina (WFC) i konfliktem rodzina−praca (FWC) a inteligencją emocjonalną i samooceną w grupie osób zatrudnionych na stanowiskach kierowniczych. Uczestnikami było 217 menedżerów (102 kobiety i 115 mężczyzn). Konflikt ról mierzono za pomocą polskiej wersji kwestionariusza „Skale konfliktu między pracą a rodziną i rodziną a pracą” Netemeyer, Boles, McMurrian; inteligencję emocjonalną mierzono za pomocą polskiego „Testu Inteligencji Emocjonalnej” (TIE) Śmieja i inni; samoocenę mierzono za pomocą polskiej adaptacji „Skali samooceny Rosenberga − SES” Dzwonkowska i inni. Samoocena współistnieje z inteligencją emocjonalną osób badanych i jest zmienną pośredniczącą, mediującą w związku inteligencji emocjonalnej z konfliktami ról. Wyniki badania pokazują, że nie występują korelacje między konfliktami ról a wiekiem menedżera/menedżerki, ich stażem pracy oraz liczbą bezpośrednio podległych pracowników.
Medycyna Pracy
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2014
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vol. 65
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issue 4
521-533
EN
Background: This paper presents the results of the study concerning mutual relations between work–family conflict and family– work conflict in the context of age and sex. Material and Methods: The study included 223 subjects (115 women, 108 men, 74 mothers and 61 fathers), aged 21–63. The Work–Family and Family–Work Conflicts Questionnaire and socio-demographic questionnaire were used as the survey tools. To verify hypotheses the correlation analysis and the Mann-Whitney U-test were used. Results: It has been found that a stronger work–family conflict is experienced by the examined men and fathers and a stronger family–work conflict is observed among parents. The results of the statistical analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between the number of working hours per day and work–family conflict and family–work conflict. Work–family conflict among mothers is significantly correlated with the income. The family–work conflict is stronger in the middle adulthood group. Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between sex and age and work–family conflict and family–work conflict. Med Pr 2014;65(4):521–533
PL
Wstęp: W opracowaniu zaprezentowano wyniki badań poświęconych wzajemnym relacjom między konfliktami praca–rodzina i rodzina–praca a wiekiem i płcią. Materiał i metody: W badaniu uczestniczyły 223 osoby (115 kobiet, 108 mężczyzn, 74 matki i 61 ojców) w wieku 21–63 lat. Wykorzystano Kwestionariusz Konflikty: Praca–Rodzina i Rodzina–Praca i ankietę socjodemograficzną. W weryfikacji hipotez zastosowano analizę korelacji i test U Manna-Whitneya. Wyniki: Ustalono, że silniejszego konfliktu praca–rodzina doświadczają badani mężczyźni i ojcowie oraz że w porównaniu z osobami bezdzietnymi silniejszego konfliktu rodzina–praca doświadczają badani rodzice. Istotnym czynnikiem skorelowanym z konfliktem praca–rodzina i rodzina–praca jest liczba godzin pracy dziennie. Z konfliktem praca–rodzina wśród matek istotnie koreluje wysokość dochodu. Ten sam konflikt jest silniej doświadczany przez osoby z okresu średniej dorosłości. Wnioski: Płeć i wiek pozostaje w istotnej zależności z doświadczaniem konfliktu praca–rodzina i rodzina–praca. Med. Pr. 2014;65(4):521–533
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