Analiza jest poświęcona zagadnieniom rządowej inicjatywy ustawodawczej jako instrumentowi planowania ustawodawczego w Federacji Rosyjskiej. Stawia się w niej tezę, że z tytułu pozycji prawnoustrojowej, posiadanych kompetencji, Rząd powinien być tym organem władzy, który wypracowuje zmiany ustawodawcze, do jakich powinno dojść w celu budowania efektywnych polityk państwa. W swej istocie prognozowanie, planowanie i programowanie ustawodawcze Rządu Federacji Rosyjskiej powinny mieć cechy państwowego prognozowania, planowania i prognozowania ustawodawczego. W pracy pokazuje się i wyjaśnia, w jaki sposób, w jakim okresie, planowanie i programowanie ustawodawcze Rządu są realizowane, jakie warunki muszą być spełnione, aby były one skuteczne.
EN
The analysis is focused on the issues of governmental legislative initiative as an instrument of legislation planning in the Russian Federation. The author makes a thesis that it is the Government who – due to its legal position and competencies – should be the authority developing legislative changes aimed at building effective state policies. And legislative forecasting, planning and programming of the Government of the Russian Federation should have the features of the state’s legislative forecasting and planning. The paper shows and explains how and in which period the planning and programming of Government legislation are implemented. It also describes conditions that must be met so they become effective.
The author has analyzed the formal-dogmatic institution of referendum at the national level in the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation. The analysis was made on the basis of the Constitution of the Republic of Belarus of 1994, the Electoral Code of the Republic of Belarus of 2000, the Constitution of the Russian Federation of 1993 and the Federal Constitutional Act on Referendum of 2004. The detailed analysis allowed to confirm the hypothesis of a high convergence of legal acts in this area. The referendum is legal, but it does not translate into a practical dimension. By 2017, one referendum has been held in Belarus on the basis of the aforementioned legislative acts in 2004, while in the Russian Federation there has not been any. Accordingly, the author concludes that the institution of the national referendum in the Republic of Belarus is treated in an instrumental way and serves primarily to legitimize the policy of Alexander Lukashenka, while in the Russian Federation the national referendum provisions are a void law to restrict civic participation.
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