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EN
In the article, a perspective of interpretation of the phenomenon of female anachoresis (departure to the desert as a gesture of discarding “the world”), slightly different from traditional one, has been proposed. The hermit-monkish tradition has been shown in reference to the psycho-transgression theory and the concept of socio-cultural habitus. The main goal was recognition of the anachoresis as a phenomenon of spiritual emigration, in a certain sense close to the internal emigration, and exposition of the model of hermit’s life as an unobvious act which involves not only ideas commonly known but also less frequently emphasized predilections and psychological mechanisms of a transcendental and transgression nature. For that reason, the fact of defining spiritual emigration turned out to be important, since it was realized as a kind of way out of the world: migration to the desert which was to reflect the socio-cultural notion of internal emigration, broadly understood as movement and change, motivated by projected or secondary achieved satisfaction, happiness, perfection, etc. In the presented reflection, an approach to the phenomenon of female anachoresis as an act of symbolic transgression was crucial, since it was conceived as going beyond the socio-cultural habitus framework, and a s a rejection action resulted, despite the paradoxically continuous duplication of dominant order matrices, in some loosening the habitual corset. An universal concept of the ideal of hermit-monkish life along with typology of spiritual attitudes shaped and implemented in various spatiotemporal contexts have remained, however, a peculiar frame of consideration discussed in the article. In intention and result, the reflection is in the current of commonly accepted rudiments, and has a linear conceptual dimension combining early Christian and medieval patterns, and growing out of the ground of diverse and time-differentiated, however, ideally close or even common body of cultural texts.
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