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EN
This paper tells the story of two women-a veterinarian and a folk healer-to foster political, environmental, and social conditions in which pastoralists based in the central Indian state of Maharashtra could thrive. For them, this practice of fostering necessarily meant tending to human and nonhuman animals together. The women I followed called this interspeciated practice, One Health. To be sure, they borrowed this term from more economically-dominant and politically-normative international development organizations. When wielded by these institutions, One Health has designated a model for preventing emerging zoonotic diseases, and the pandemics they often cause, through the surveillance of marginal livestock rearing communities, often in the Global South. My interlocutors’ projects intersected with One Health-and thus were available for funding from it-insofar as the central conceit of One Health was that human and nonhuman animals can share illness. Yet the politics and ethics of the two were very different. I make this case by ethnographically tracking different modalities of seeing that characterize One Health and its vernaculars. Sight, I argue, operates as a perceptual orientation that initiates a “becoming-with” the world for my interlocutors versus a tool to control it (Dave, 2012). How, I therefore ask, might different ways of apprehending the bonds of human and nonhuman beings reveal how we might yet learn to dwell differently on an exhausted planet?
XX
The article is a fragment of the research project Names as the basis of Polish toponyms, conducted in the Department of Onomastics in the Institute of Polish Language in Kraków. It is also a continuation of the discussion on the opportunities of using the category of gender in onomastics. The aim of the text is to highlight the presence of several Christian female names in structures of Polish toponyms, to describe their frequency, chronology and popularity. The author indicates various cultural and social factors facilitating (or not) the use of such toponyms in Poland. She interprets the creation of such toponyms (especially later) as a sign of increasing presence of women in the public and institutional sphere. The interpretation framework of this anthroponymic and toponymic material includes feminist anthropology and historical anthropology (especially the history of women).
Libri & Liberi
|
2015
|
vol. Vol 4
|
issue 4.2
357-379
HR
U tekstu se nudi moguće objašnjenje političke zabrane distribuiranja i čitanja djela Aličine pustolovine u Zemlji Čudesa koja je u kineskoj pokrajini Hunan stupila na snagu 1931. godine. Odnos ljudi (posebno vladara) i drugih životinja te odnos komunističke ideologije prema prirodi nude ključ za odgonetavanje političke nepodobnosti toga djela. Nakon tumačenja razloga zbog kojih je „davanje govora životinjama“ subverzivan čin u vrijeme osnaživanja komunističke vladavine u Kini, antropološkim smještanjem djece u „međuprostor“ između prirode (životinja) i odraslih ljudi i feminističkim iščitavanjem žene kao „bliže prirodi“, nudi se objašnjenje zašto djevojčica Alica unutar vlastita dječjega svijeta razumije druge životinje.
EN
This paper offers a possible explanation of the political ban on distributing and reading Alice in Wonderland, which in China’s Hunan province came into force in 1931. The relations between people (especially rulers and other functionaries) and other animals and the element of communist ideology and its view of nature provide a key to understanding the proclaimed ideological and political unsuitability of this literary work. After interpreting the reasons why “giving language to animals” might be viewed as a subversive act at the time of the empowerment of communist rule in China, I interpose Alice within a feminist anthropological concept of “proximity to nature” to explain why girls (Alice), in their own children’s worlds, can understand other animals.
DE
Im Beitrag wird die Frage erörtert, weshalb man 1931 in der chinesischen Provinz Hunan das Lesen und den Erwerb von Alice im Wunderland verboten hatte. Die Beziehung der Menschen (insbesondere der Herrscher) zu anderen Tieren sowie das Verhältnis der kommunistischen Ideologie zur Natur könnten einen Schlüssel dafür liefern. Zuerst wird erklärt, warum zur Zeit des Aufstiegs der kommunistischen Herrschaft in China die Tatsache, dass man in einem literarischen Werk Tiere sprechen lässt, als subversiv empfunden wurde. Danach wird anhand der Positionierung der Kinder in den Zwischenraum zwischen der Natur (Tiere) und den Erwachsenen sowie des feministischen Lesens der Frau als eines der Natur näherstehenden Wesens die Erklärung dafür dargeboten, warum das Mädchen Alice in seiner Kinderwelt andere Tiere verstehen kann.
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