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W sprawie skutków prawnych rządowego projektu ustawy o dopłatach do oprocentowania kredytów bankowych udzielanych na zapewnienie płynności finansowej przedsiębiorcom dotkniętym skutkami COVID-19 oraz o zmianie niektórych innych ustaw (druk sejmowy nr 382, 382-A)

100%
Bińkowska-Artowicz B., Dzienisiuk D., Esmund T., Karolczak K., Langer M., Szczepańska M.
Przegląd Sejmowy
|
2020
|
issue 5(160)
171-200
EN
The aim of the opinion is to assess the impact of the Government’s draft bill on interest rate subsidies for bank loans granted to provide financial liquidity to entrepreneurs affected by COVID-19 and amending certain other acts. The changes to the law made in this respect meet social expectations.
2
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Establishment and Activity of Petrograd Commission on Improving the Welfare of Scientists in the 1920s

86%
Didenko K.
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie
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2020
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vol. 4(28)
85-100
EN
The article shows the process of formation of Soviet scientists’ social status and the relationship between the scientific intelligentsia and the authorities. It studies the creation and activity of the Petrograd Commission on the Improvement of the Welfare of Scientists (PCIWS) in the 1920s, which has been subordinated and financed by the People’s Commissariat of Education of the RSFSR and has had its information press agency. It is established that the Soviet authorities, liquidating the bourgeoisie, have added to its number all the free professions of intellectual labor, including scientists. Petrograd Commission on the Improvement of the Welfare of Scientists (PetroCIWS) has served as a liaison between the authorities and the scientists, and its activities reflect the process of formation of these relations. The main task of PetroCIWS has been to support scientists, writers, artists, and their families who had financial difficulties. The commission has managed to provide scholars with academic rations and to assist in solving their problems of material standards and living conditions. It is proved that an important achievement of PetroCIWS has become the creation of the House of Scientists, its various forms of work have been analyzed. Owing to the organization and activities of the House of Scientists, Petrograd scientists have been able to implement interdisciplinary contacts and meet their cultural needs. Coverage of Petrograd House of Scientists activities has demonstrated the experience of cultural and civic self-organization of the scientific community.
3
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Przedsiębiorczość a umiejętność korzystania z pomocy

86%
Szwajkowski W.
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
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2005
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vol. 33
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issue 3
79-88
EN
This article is dedicated to the influence help may have on entrepreneurs and how it is perceived by them as affecting the effectiveness of their operations. This analysis is based on examples illustrating the various forms of assistance and how these are perceived by their beneficiaries. The article suggests criteria for judging whether a given activity is of a helpful nature, regardless of how a beneficiary may see it. It also attempts to explain the commonly observed phenomenon of entrepreneurs banishing from their minds all recognition of the fact that they are taking advantage of assistance, based on the well-known theory from social psychology called the „Theory of cognitive dissonance”. This points to the possibly negative effect of the tendency by the businessman to banish from his mind objective facts on the various aspects of his firm's operations, such as assessment of investment decisions or the fulfillment of obligations. This article also applies to practices applied by many organizations specializing in the distribution of assistance for entrepreneurs that fail to attach any importance to their beneficiaries understanding the assistance nature of their offer, thus fostering an incorrect and harmful interpretation by entrepreneurs.
4
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Ukrainian Economic Reforms: Current Status And Perspectives In The Face Of Competition On European Union Markets

58%
Greta M., Pakosz M.
Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe
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2016
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vol. 19
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issue 2
75-91
PL
Trwający od początku 2014 roku konflikt na Ukrainie jest najważniejszym w historii tego kraju od czasu uzyskania niepodległości. Bez względu na zagrożenie upadkiem gospodarki, utratę Krymu, wojnę w najbardziej zindustrializowanym regionie, Ukraina wciąż próbuje przeprowadzać reformy i wprowadzać zachodnie standardy, a poprzez wytrwałą pracę pokonuje wszelkie trudności. Społeczeństwo wspiera rząd w realizacji zadań ratowania gospodarki oraz obrony integralności terytorialnej całego kraju. Artykuł podkreśla główne procesy ukraińskich reform w ciągu 2014 roku oraz opisuje współpracę Ukrainy z Unią Europejską i organizacjami międzynarodowymi w dziedzinie pomocy finansowej i zmian modernizacyjnych. Głównym celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie sytuacji rozwojowej kraju z punktu widzenia różnorodnych dziedzin, ale również jest to próba pokazania szerszej perspektywy na osiągnięcia i braki procesu reform. Autorzy koncentrują się na aspektach mających znaczący wpływ na gospodarkę Ukrainy począwszy od lutego 2014 roku.
EN
The conflict in Ukraine since the beginning of 2014 has been the important in the history of Ukraine as an independent state. Despite the danger of economic collapse, the loss of Crimea, and war in its most industrialized region, Ukraine is still trying to conduct reforms and implement Western standards. Through persistent work Ukraine has been moving forward, despite all the difficulties. The society is staying together with the government to save the economy and defend the integrity of the whole country. This article outlines key processes in the Ukrainian reforms during 2014 and describes the cooperation of Ukraine with the European Union and international organizations in the field of financial support and reforms. The main goal of the article is to present the situation in various spheres of the country’s development, but it is also an attempt to present a wider perspective on both the achievements and shortcomings in the process of reforms. The authors focus on those aspects having a significant impact on the Ukrainian economy after February 2014.
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