Search results

1

Distinctive determinants of financial indebtedness: evidence from Slovak and Czech enterprises

100%

Valaskova K., Kliestik T., Gajdosikova D.

Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

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2021

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vol. 16

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issue 3

639-659

EN

Research background: Indebtedness indicators are used to monitor the structure of corporate financial resources. The company's share of its own and foreign resources affects the financial stability of the company. A high share of own re-sources makes the company stable, and independent. With a low share, on the contrary, the company is unstable, market fluctuations and credit uncertainty can have serious consequences. However, foreign capital is cheaper, and too high indebtedness ratios can jeopardize the existence of enterprises. Purpose of the article: In general, the economic recession worsens the capital structure of enterprises, especially their debt management. Thus, the paper aims to apply the set of 13 indebtedness ratios to a sample of 779 Slovak and Czech enterprises from the construction sector to determine key microeconomic determinants that may influence the level of indebtedness. Methods: A non-parametric one-way analysis of variance ? the Kruskal-Wallis test ? was used to determine whether the set of indebtedness ratios is the same across countries, districts, and sizes. For analyzing the specific sample pair of stochastic dominance, the pairwise comparison was realized using the Dunn'stest with Bonferonni correction. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the differences in the set of indebtedness ratios between two independent groups of enterprises, based on their legal form and country. Findings & value added: The level of total indebtedness ratio and the self-financing ratio depends on the region as well as on the size of the enterprise and the legal form. In the case of credit indebtedness and debt-to-cash-flow indebted-ness, their dependence on the size of the enterprise and the legal form is obvious. The importance of the region and the legal form of enterprises, vice versa, affect the level of the financial independence ratio. These outputs are relevant for au-thorities, policy makers, or financial institutions to identify financial constraints that construction enterprises face and, as a result, make a long-term contribution to theory in this field.

2

Proposal of a causal model measuring the impact of an ISO 9001 certified Quality Management System on financial performance of Moroccan service-based companies

100%

El Moury I., Hadini M., Chebir A., Ali Mohamed B., Adil E.

Statistics in Transition new series

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2023

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vol. 24

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issue 2

159-184

EN

Implemented by an increasing number of organisations worldwide, the ISO 9001 standard for quality management received considerable attention in the existing literature. Researchers worldwide have found positive, negative and even mixed effects of ISO 9001 certification on firms’ performance, while in Morocco this issue has been rarely examined. It is the combination of these observations that led to this study. The aim of this paper is to test and validate a causal model designed to measure the performance of an ISO 9001 certified Quality Management System (QMS) and its impact on a company’s financial performance. By means of this causal analysis/model, the study examines the relationship between: - QMS and the financial performance of 41 companies based in Morocco; - the management responsibility process and all the QMS processes; - the management resources process and all the QMS processes; - the organisational and financial performance of the studied companies. All of the considered firms are part of the service industry and range from medium-sized to large companies. The data gathered in this study have been instrumental in devising actionable insights. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was the statistical software platform that enabled the use of a linear regression analysis to prove the positive correlation between the above-mentioned elements.

3

The Effect of Corporate Citizenship Activities (CCAS) on Financial Performance and Market Performance: The Omani Experience

100%

Shaker Al Ani M. K., Jamil S. A.

South East European Journal of Economics and Business

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2015

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vol. 10

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issue 1

45-54

EN

The main objective of this study is to investigate and analyze the effects of corporate citizenship activities on the financial performance and market performance of Omani manufacturing companies in the Sultanate of Oman for the period 2009-2013. The Financial performance of companies is measured by two independent variables: return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). Market performance is measured by the fair market value of shares (FMV). CCAs are determined by the voluntary disclosures of corporate citizenship activities by the companies. The study concludes that there is a positive impact by CCAs on the financial and market performance of the Omani companies that leads to profit maximization.

4

Zombies or Still Alive. Who Took Advantage of COVID-19 State Aid?

100%

Wiśniewski T., Adamczyk A., Franek S.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia

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2022

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vol. 56

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issue 2

149-163

EN

Theoretical background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused violent reactions from the governments of almost all countries in the world. The attempt to contain a pandemic by restricting the mobility of society has had a huge impact on people and some businesses. As a result of COVID-19 restrictions, it became necessary to introduce special state aid programs for those businesses that were most affected by these restrictions. This was also the case in Poland. We based our analysis on welfare economics (Harberger, 1971), in which government support for enterprises is legitimized when their situation would have been worse without these interventions.Purpose of the article: The aim of this article is to assess the impact of public aid granted to large companies in Poland on their financial condition. The research problem is to answer the question whether the companies that received the aid needed it. In assessing the appropriateness of aid, liquidity, debt level and profitability indices were used, which directly resulted from the objectives of COVID-19 aid granted in Poland. The added value of the study is combining the analysis of data from financial statements with information on state aid published by the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection (UOKiK).Research methods: The research sample consisted of 1,201 large Polish enterprises from the non-financial sector. The study used non-parametric statistical tests and quartile analysis.Main findings: The results show that the aid went to entities that were already in a worse financial situation before the pandemic. At the same time, it was demonstrated that the aid did not distort the market mechanism, i.e. it neither excessively improved the situation of supported entities nor significantly worsened the situation of entities that did not benefit from the aid.

5

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Financial Performance of Polish Public Hospitals Owned by Local and Regional Governments

100%

Wójtowicz K., Wójtowicz J., Ujazda D.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia

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2022

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vol. 56

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issue 3

187-204

EN

Theoretical background: The COVID-19 pandemic has put a great strain on healthcare systems and hospitals. Although the effects of COVID-19 have affected almost all aspects of the economies and health systems of most countries around the world, relatively little research has been done on the consequences of the pandemic on the financial performance of hospitals around the world. This literature gap is mainly the result of a short research period and difficulties in obtaining reliable and good quality empirical data. The review of the literature shows that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the financial performance of hospitals is ambiguous. Most of them focused primarily on the first year of the pandemic and were mostly based on fragmentary financial data and sometimes only on the case study method.Purpose of the article: The purpose of this article is to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the financial performance of the largest public hospitals owned by local and regional governments. The research, covering mainly the years 2019–2021, was carried out based on financial statements obtained from 40 public hospitals in the form of independent public healthcare institutions (SPZOZ).Research methods: To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the financial performance of Polish hospitals, a ratio analysis was carried out. Due to the specificity of public health facilities, ratios included in the Ministry of Health Regulation of 12 April 2017 were used, which refer mainly to independent public healthcare facilities.Main findings: The research revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic contributed to the deterioration of the financial performance of Polish public hospitals owned by local and regional governments. However, the impact was not dramatic, but only intensified the financial difficulties experienced by Polish hospitals before.

6

Analiza zmienności struktury bilansu, przychodów oraz kosztów grupy banków giełdowych w latach 1998-2008

100%

Kochaniak K.

Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie

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2011

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issue 862

27-40

EN

The analysis of the relevance of balance sheet and profits and losses of banks listed on the Polish stock exchange covered the years 1998–2008, which were marked by changing economic conditions. These changes have an influence on investment preferences and the banks’ access to the funds that finance them, and above all determine the values of the particular entries of assets and liabilities of the group of banks under consideration. The variability of the structure of balance sheets of this group of banks (indicating the most important of their category) and the changes resulting from it in particular categories of revenues and costs are analysed. They therefore influenced the value of overall revenue from banking and operating activities, the costs of banking and operating activity and the results of the basic activity of banks. The reasons that the changes occurred are attributed to macroeconomic causes. The analytical relevance of the most important positions distancing the operating results from the outcome of the basic activities of the group is assessed. The research was carried out based on financial data included in the Central Statistical Office publications “Balance sheet financial results of banks” and “Monitoring banks”. It is shown in the article that every significant change in the share of balance sheet entries exerted an influence on the level of revenues, costs, and the estimated financial results of the group of banks listed on the stock market in the years 1998–2008.

7

The Patents and Financial Performance of Firms - Evidence From Polish Manufacturing Companies

100%

Prędkiewicz K., Prędkiewicz P.

Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation

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2014

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vol. 10

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issue 4

115-142

EN

This article is a contribution to the discussion on innovation activity and its influence on financial performance of companies. The authors employ a simple measure of innovativeness, which was also used in other studies, and the division of companies into two groups (innovative and non-innovative) was based on the fact whether they obtained a patent (patents) or not. In this paper, we compare the rates of return and revenue growth achieved by innovative versus non-innovative companies operating in the manufacturing industry in Poland, in the years 2006 to 2012. Financial and qualitative data for testing the hypotheses were taken from the Amadeus database provided by Bureau van Dijk. The sample consisted of 4004 enterprises, of which 681 were owners of at least one patent. T-Student test, ANOVA and OSL models were used to verify the working assumptions. The study tests the following three research hypotheses. H1: “Innovative companies achieve higher rates of return than the non- innovative ones.” That hypothesis was confirmed in relation to the EBITDA margin and ROS (return on sale), but not to ROA (return on assets) and ROE (return on equity). The fact of belonging to a group of innovative companies had an impact on an average EBITDA margin increase by 0.83 p.p. in 2007, 0.78 p.p. in 2009 and 0.73 p.p. in 2012, ceteris paribus. The difference between ROE was found statistically insignificant in most analysed periods (except 2007 and 2009), however, non-innovative companies have achieved a higher return on equity than innovative companies. It can be associated with higher operational risk in innovative companies which restrict access to external capital, leading such companies to expand their businesses through their own equity. The second tested hypothesis is: “An innovative activity has higher impact on financial performance in medium-sized companies than in large and very large ones.” During the research, it was found out that having obtained a patent is important determinant of EBITDA margin for medium-sized companies, increasing it by 0.76 p.p., ceteris paribus. In large companies, it contributed to an increase of 0.71 p.p., and for very large ones – by only 0.19 p.p., with the slope for the latter group at a number other than zero found to be statistically insignificant. In relation to third tested hypothesis:” Innovative companies are more sensitive in terms of revenue dynamics to economic slowdown than the non-innovative ones.” it was found out that in the period of time from 2006 to 2012 the dynamics of revenue growth in innovative companies was generally higher than in the non-innovative ones, except in the year 2009, when all companies showed a significant decline in revenues, but for innovative companies, the decline amounted to 6.39%, and for the remaining ones it was found at 4.98%. Based on those findings it was confirmed that innovative companies are characterized by a greater sensitivity to economic slowdown.

8

Financial performance and bankruptcy concerns of SMEs in their export decision

88%

Ključnikov A., Civelek M., Krajčík V., Novák P., Červinka M.

Oeconomia Copernicana

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2022

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vol. 13

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issue 3

867-890

EN

Research background: Due to having lack of financial power and low amount of revenues, most of SMEs' major concerns are bankruptcy and low financial performance. Those issues are risky situations for SMEs when making for their exporting activities. Therefore, depending on their performance and bankruptcy risk, they might more intensively perceive export barriers and this fact might determine their export decisions. Purpose of the article: This paper examines whether financial performance and bankruptcy concerns of SMEs affect their perceptions of export obstacles or not. Methods: This research performs random sampling method and directs an internet-mediated questionnaire to the selected respondents who are the executives of 408 Czech, Slovakian and Hungarian SMEs. To examine the influences of firm performance and bankruptcy on the perceptions of export impediments by SMEs, this paper employs Ordinal Logistic Regression Test. Findings & value added: The results show that SMEs having less healthy financial conditions less intensively perceive cultural-linguistic export barriers in comparison with SMEs having better financial performance. Moreover, firm performance is not a predictor variable in the perceptions of export costs, legislative and tax-related barriers by SMEs. On the other hand, while SMEs having more bankruptcy concerns more intensively perceive tax-related and cultural-linguistic barriers, bankruptcy concerns of SMEs do not influence their perceptions of export costs and legislative differences. Although many studies have investigated the impacts of financial conditions of SMEs on their internationalization and exporting decisions, they are isolated with only a market or only with a financial issue. The limited extents of those studies cause a partial investigation of export and financial issues of SMEs and make readers having a narrow perspective in this specific area. By focusing on various export obstacles and financial issues that SMEs face in different markets, this research offers a detailed understanding of SMEs' perceptions regarding their financial conditions and export barriers, from a comprehensive perspective. In this regard, this is the research gap that this paper aims to fill.

9

The impacts of innovative and competitive abilities of SMEs on their different financial risk concerns: System approach

88%

Civelek M., Krajčík V., Fialova V.

Oeconomia Copernicana

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2023

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vol. 14

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issue 1

327-354

EN

Research background: The lack of financial resources of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) make them face high financial risk. Their entrepreneurial abilities that belong to Resource-based View (RBV), such as innovativeness and competitiveness, might reduce SMEs' financial risk because those entrepreneurial abilities increase the financial performance of businesses. Purpose of the article: This paper aims to investigate the effects of the innovativeness and competitiveness of SMEs on their financial concerns based on financial risk, including bankruptcy, financial performance, and financial risk management. Methods: The authors use a method of data analysis and synthesis, including advanced knowledge and digital processing of background studies. This paper examines 1221 SMEs from the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary. Those firms are chosen by random sampling method from Cribis and the Budapest Chamber of Commerce databases. Then the researchers directed an online questionnaire to collect the research data from the randomly selected firms. The researchers use Ordinal Logistic Regression Test for analysis purposes. Findings & value added: This paper's results indicate that SMEs' competitiveness does not impact SMEs' bankruptcy prediction, financial performance, or financial risk management. On the other hand, while more innovative SMEs are less likely to face bankruptcy issues than less innovative SMEs, less innovative SMEs indicate better financial performance than their more innovative counterparts. Since this paper focuses on the influences of intangible assets of SMEs (such as characteristics based on RBV and Entrepreneurial Orientation) on their tangible assets (financial performance etc.) and puts emphasis on this fact from an International perspective, this paper makes a significant contribution to the literature. Furthermore, analyzing multiple relationships between SMEs' different entrepreneurial characteristics and various financial risk concerns is another important fact that might draw prospective readers' attention.

10

Analysing brand strength – corporate financial performance link for companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange

88%

Urbanek G.

Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics

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2017

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issue 2 (56)

92-103

EN

The opinion that a strong brand is a valuable resource for a company which may significantly influence company performance and contribute to shareholder value creation is gaining wider acceptance. However, empirical studies which confirm this view are relatively few. The purpose of this article is to examine the link between brand strength and corporate financial performance, including shareholder value creation. A number of performance indicators were used in this study – profitability ratios (ROA, ROE, ROIC) and the shareholder value creation proxy indicator – P/BV. The empirical data regarding brand strength were drawn from the annual ranking of the strength of Polish brands, while the financial data of companies were taken from a panel consisting of 56 companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange, observed over a seven-year period from 2008 to 2014. Numerous regression models were examined in order to test hypotheses on links between brand strength and various financial performance indicators. The obtained results support most of the hypotheses, concluding that there is a statistically significant relationship between brand strength and company performance, although the strength of these relationships differs depending on the type of performance indicator. This study contributes to the development of corporate finance literature as well as value based marketing concepts. Apart from its academic aspects, this paper contributes to business practice development since it demonstrates the legitimacy of marketing investments in brand development.

11

Executive compensation and the financial performance of Polish listed companies from the corporate governance perspective

88%

Sajnóg A., Rogozińska-Pawełczyk A.

Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

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2022

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vol. 17

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issue 2

459-480

EN

Research background: The level of compensation earned by CEOs and the relationship between executive pay and companies? performance is one of the most widely studied issues in the corporate governance literature. Studies conducted in the last several decades have provided evidence that CEO pay should be aligned with accounting financial measures. Purpose of the article: The main purpose of this paper is to determine the relationship between executive compensation and organizational financial performance. In particular, the effect of net income and comprehensive income as the accounting measures of financial performance on executive compensation is compared. Methods: The research comprised listed companies on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE). The role and effect of accounting financial measures on executive compensation are analyzed based on three regression models. The period of analysis spanned ten years, from 2009 to 2018. Findings & value added: There are three conclusions that can be drawn from the study. Firstly, executive compensation in the analyzed companies largely depends on the accounting measures of financial performance, based on net income and comprehensive income (excluding ROE). Secondly, its level is significantly and positively influenced by the company?s size, Tobin?s Q ratio, debt ratio, and dividend rate. Thirdly, comprehensive income has a stronger effect on executive compensation than net income. Our findings add some potentially noteworthy dimensions to the economic literature on corporate governance, which is especially important to apply in the CEE region and other emerging economies. The Anglo-American assumption of corporate governance and executive compensation policy might not be suitable for the realities in much of the world.

12

Transfer Pricing and Financial Performance: The Case of Algerian Companies

75%

Ouelhadj A., Bouchetara M., Zerouti M.

Nauki o Finansach

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2023

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vol. 28

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issue 1

32-46

PL

Wzrost handlu międzynarodowego reprezentuje ponad 60% wzrostu gospodarczego. Spółki międzynarodowe, działające w ramach tej samej grupy kapitałowej, chcą zwiększać swoją rentowność, co skłania przedsiębiorstwa do ciągłego polepszania wyników finansowych. W artykule zbadano, czy ceny transferowe mają pozytywny i znaczący wpływ na wyniki finansowe grupy przedsiębiorstw w Algierii w okresie pięciu lat od 2016 r., przy zastosowaniu podejścia ilościowego z oprogramowaniem SPSS. Autorzy wykorzystali regresję oraz zmienne cen transferowych (obciążenie podatkowe, wielkość firmy i dźwignię finansową) na przykładzie wyników finansowych 60 spółek z grup kapitałowych działających w różnych sektorach. Wyniki pokazują, że ceny transferowe mają znaczący i pozytywny wpływ na te przedsiębiorstwa przy 10-procentowym marginesie błędu, mimo że tylko wielkość firmy ma istotny pozytywny wpływ na ROA tych spółek w Algierii, przy błędzie marginesu wynoszącym 1%. Autorzy doszli jednak do wniosku, że im większa firma, tym większą uwagę powinna zwracać na swoje ceny transferowe i składane deklaracje, aby uniknąć korekty podatkowej, która mogłaby pogorszyć jej wyniki finansowe.

EN

The increase of international trade represents more than 60% of the international economy, which is more profitable within the same group, thus prompting the continuous search for satisfactory financial performance by companies. This paper investigates whether transfer pricing has a positive and significant impact on corporate group's financial performance in Algeria, over a period of five years since 2016 with a quantitative approach and SPSS software. The authors tested the regression of transfer pricing variables (tax burden, firm size and leverage) with the financial performance of 60 companies of corporate groups operating in different sectors as a research sample and found that transfer pricing has a significant and positive impact on those companies at 10% error margin, despite the fact that only the company size has a significant positive impact on ROA of these companies in Algeria, with a margin error of 1%. However, the authors concluded that the bigger the company, the more it should pay attention to its transfer prices and their declarations to avoid any tax adjustment which can hinder its financial performance.

13

A Dynamic Approach to a Comparative Evaluation of Financial Performance of Sections and Sectors of the Polish Economy

75%

Skoczylas W., Batóg B.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica

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2019

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vol. 4

|

issue 343

39-52

PL

Sytuacją finansową przedsiębiorstw oraz ich grup stale są zainteresowani wszyscyinteresariusze. Podstawowe wskaźniki, które są brane pod uwagę przy ocenie sytuacji finansowej,to rentowność, płynność finansowa, niezależność finansowa i ryzyko. Analiza każdego ze nich z osobnanie zawsze daje jednoznaczne wyniki. W takim przypadku pomocne są metody syntetyczne.Do takich metod należy rangowanie z wykorzystaniem taksonomicznej miary rozwoju. Celem artykułujest przedstawienie możliwości wykorzystania dynamicznej wersji taksonomicznej miary rozwojuw porównawczej, kompleksowej ocenie sytuacji finansowej działów oraz ocena występującychna przestrzeni trzech lat zmian w tym zakresie. Dane wykorzystane do opracowania rankingu działówpochodzą ze wskaźników sektorowych Komisji Analizy Finansowej Rady Naukowej StowarzyszeniaKsięgowych w Polsce, przygotowywanych we współpracy z InfoCredit oraz z Głównego UrzęduStatystycznego.

EN

Financial performance of companies and their groups is of major interest to all stakeholders. As a result, they assess categories such as profitability, financial liquidity, financial independence, and risk. Separate analyses carried out for each of those elements alone do not always deliver conclusive findings, which is where synthetic methods are helpful. A ranking based on the taxonomic measure of development is one of such methods. The aim of the paper is, firstly, to present opportunities for using a dynamic version of the taxonomic measure of development in a comparative and complex assessment of financial performance in PKD divisions (Polish Classification of Activity), and, secondly, to evaluate changes in this area in the years 2014–2016. The data used for developing the ranking were sourced from the joint publication of industry indicators by the Financial Analysis Commission at the Research Council of the Accountants Association in Poland and InfoCredit, and from the Statistics Poland.

14

Exchange rate volatility and financial performance of agriculture firms in Malaysia: An empirical analysis using GARCH, wavelet and system GMM

75%

Reaz M., Mahat F., Dahir A. M., Sahabuddin M., Al Mahi A. S. M. M.

Business and Economic Horizons

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2017

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vol. Volume 13

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issue Issue 3

409-427

EN

The insurgence of exchange rate volatility over the years has gained the attention of not only scholars but also policy makers around the world. This paper investigates the influence of exchange rate volatility to the financial performance of agriculture firms in Malaysia. Authors use the system GMM dynamic panel techniques, wavelet coherence technique and GARCH (1, 1) for the period of 2001 and 2015. The findings show that the volatility of exchange rate of Malaysian Ringgit (RM) has a negative impact on the financial performance of agriculture firms in Malaysia. The ARME and AVA demonstrate a positive impact on the financial performance at 1% significance level for the full sample. The findings also reveal that financial performance, exchange rate, consumer price index, and interest rate comove while using the wavelet coherence.

15

Wyniki finansowe mikro-, małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw prowadzących księgi przychodów i rozchodów w latach 2012 i 2013 na tle lat poprzednich

75%

Mościbrodzka K.

Zeszyty Naukowe Uczelni Vistula

|

2014

|

issue 35/2014 MSP

232-255

PL

Opracowanie dotyczy wyników finansowych i oceny sytuacji finansowej firm mikro- oraz MSP prowadzących KPiR. Analizy wykonano na podstawie danych GUS oraz badań NBP. Wnioski z analizy danych porównywanych z wynikami funkcjonowania sektora mogą posłużyć do oceny finansowej poszczególnych mikroprzedsiębiorstw. Wnioski z badania potwierdzają przypuszczenia o dobrych, a w niektórych przypadkach nawet lepszych wynikach mikrofirm niż dużych. Badania potwierdzają także pogorszenie wyników w 2012 r. i po raz pierwszy od wielu lat zahamowanie rozwoju mikrofirm z powodu wystąpienia dekoniunktury rynkowej w 2012 r.

EN

The study concerns presentation of the financial performance and assessment of the financial condition of micro firms and SMEs keeping revenue and expense ledgers. Analyses were carried out on the grounds of CSO data and there was also taken information from NBP surveys. The research conclusions may serve for financial appraisal of individual micro enterprises, making use of the comparative analysis with the results of the sub-sector. The research conclusions confirm the assumptions of good and in some cases even better performance of micro firms than large ones. The research also confirms deterioration of the results in 2012 and, for the first time for many years, setback of development of micro firms due to occurrence of the market slump in 2012.

16

Sustainable business and financial performance. Evidence from the UK

63%

Herdan A., Neri L., Russo A.

Zeszyty Teoretyczne Rachunkowości

|

2020

|

issue 109(165)

33-42

EN

Purpose: In recent years, there have been growing concerns regarding the sustainable performance of businesses. The difficulties with companies’ inefficient performance, public pressure on firms, government legislation, and environmental changes force companies to operate more sustainably. Moreover, by not performing more sustainably, companies put themselves at high risk of damaging their reputation and respectability, which subsequently impacts their financial situation. Applying sustainability strategies and becoming more sustainable means that a firm is responsible for its actions and decision in terms of envi-ronmental, economic, and social aspects. Although many scholars agree that there is a relationship between sustainability and financial performance, some propose that sustainability has an insignificant effect on a company’s financial situation is. So, the issue of sustainability and a firm’s economic situation is a topic of significant controversy. Furthermore, some authors emphasize the complexity of verifying the connec-tion between sustainability and the financial situation. For this reason, the aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between sustainability and performance within the UK market. Methodology/approach: This work uses linear regression on a sample of 100 companies listed on the FTSE100 to investigate the relationship between reported CSR and profitability. Findings: The outcome of the research highlights that for the specific year under investigation, sustainability reporting does not have an impact on perfor-mance indicators such as ROE, ROA, or profit margin. Originality/value: The article contributes to the discussion on the relationship between sustainable development and the financial results of enterprises.

PL

Cel: W ostatnich latach pojawiają się coraz większe obawy dotyczące zrównoważonych wyników przed-siębiorstw. Trudności związane z nieefektywnymi wynikami przedsiębiorstw, presja społeczna wywierana na przedsiębiorstwa, ustawodawstwo rządowe i zmiany w zakresie ochrony środowiska zmuszają przed-siębiorstwa do działania w sposób bardziej zrównoważony. Ponadto, unikając prowadzenia działalności w sposób bardziej zrównoważony, przedsiębiorstwa narażają się na wysokie ryzyko utraty reputacji, co z kolei wpływa na ich sytuację finansową. Stosowanie strategii zrównoważonego rozwoju i dążenie do bardziej zrównoważonego rozwoju oznacza, że przedsiębiorstwo jest odpowiedzialne za swoje działania i decyzje w zakresie aspektów środowiskowych, gospodarczych i społecznych. Chociaż wielu naukowców zgadza się z poglądem, że związek między zrównoważonym rozwojem a wynikami finansowymi jest nie-podważalny, niektórzy uważają, że wpływ zrównoważonego rozwoju na sytuację finansową firmy jest nie-istotny. Kwestia zrównoważonego rozwoju i sytuacji ekonomicznej firmy jest zatem przedmiotem poważnych kontrowersji. Co więcej, niektórzy autorzy podkreślają złożoność weryfikacji związku między zrównoważonym rozwojem a sytuacją finansową firmy. Celem tego artykułu jest zbadanie związku pomiędzy zrównoważo-nym rozwojem a wynikami firm na rynku brytyjskim. Metodyka/podejście: W badaniu związku między raportem CSR a rentownością firmy wykorzystano regresję liniową na próbie 100 spółek notowanych na FTSE100. Wyniki: Wyniki badania wykazały, że w danym roku sprawozdawczość dotycząca zrównowa-żonego rozwoju nie ma wpływu na wskaźniki dokonań finansowych, takie jak ROE, ROA czy marża zysku. Oryginalność/wartość: Artykuł wnosi wkład do dyskusji o relacji między zrównoważonym rozwojem a wynikami finansowymi przedsiębiorstw.

17

Zasady amortyzacji środków trwałych w księgach rachunkowych osób prawnych, cz. I

63%

Bąkowski P., Wasilewska A.

Kwartalnik Naukowy Uczelni Vistula

|

2014

|

issue 2(40)

100-110

PL

Celem rozważań jest przedstawienie istoty amortyzacji jako źródła finansowania wewnętrznego działalności gospodarczej oraz zasad jej ujęcia w księgach rachunkowych, a także scharakteryzowanie rozbieżności w zakresie naliczania zużycia środków trwałych, które są konsekwencją przestrzegania regulacji zapisanych w ustawie o rachunkowości i ustawie o podatku dochodowym od osób prawnych. Metodologią badawczą wykorzystaną w artykule jest przegląd literatury przedmiotu oraz obowiązujących aktów prawnych dotyczących literatury przedmiotu. Artykuł stanowi rzetelną i zgromadzoną w jednym miejscu wiedzę przydatną w codziennej pracy księgowego. Można go potraktować jako „pigułkę” niezbędnej wiedzy przydatnej w pracy księgowego, jak również jako materiał porównawczy wykorzystany np. na zajęciach dydaktycznych.

EN

An aim of considerations is to present the essence of depreciation as a source of internal financing of business and the principles of its presentation in accounting books as well as to characterise the discrepancies as regards computation of consumption of fixed assets, which are a consequence of observation of the regulations provided in the Accounting Act and in the Corporate Income Tax Act. The research methodology used in the article is a review of the subject literature and the effective legal acts concerning the subject literature. The article is a fair and gathered in one place knowledge useful in the daily work of an accountant. It can be treated as pills of the indispensable knowledge useful in the work performed by accountant as well as a comparative material used, for instance, in didactic classes.

18

Finansowanie kapitałem obcym – konfrontacja praktyki gospodarczej z elementami teorii

63%

Cenkier A.

Kwartalnik Nauk o Przedsiębiorstwie

|

2021

|

vol. 62

|

issue 5

4-14

EN

The subject of the study is debt financing of enterprises, a factor significantly affecting the situation of entities conducting economic activity. The aim of the study is to meet the view on the need of engage debt in the pursuit of maximizing the benefits and market value presented in the theory of corporate finance and the theory of capital structure with economic practice. The study covered the original set of financial indicators in the years 2014-2020 in ten listed Polish production companies included in the GIP60. The survey companies accounted for the 10% of the composition of the index and about 10% of its capitalization what is likely to representative of all companies included in the index. The results of the study presented in the table in the appendix were used to define the kind of relationship between the scale of debt and the scale of operations, as well as the financial situation of each entity. The selection of indicators was made due to their usefulness in the attempt to define the aforementioned relationship.

PL

Przedmiotem rozważań niniejszego opracowania jest wykorzystanie kapitału obcego w finansowaniu przedsiębiorstw, czynnika istotnie oddziałującego na sytuację finansową jednostek prowadzących działalność gospodarczą, tak w świetle teorii struktury kapitału jak i praktyki ich funkcjonowania. Celem badania było skonfrontowanie z praktyką gospodarczą poglądu o potrzebie angażowania kapitału obcego w dążeniu do maksymalizacji korzyści i wartości rynkowej prezentowanego w teorii finansów przedsiębiorstwa i teorii struktury kapitału. Badaniu poddano autorski zestaw wskaźników finansowych z lat 2014-2020 w dziesięciu polskich giełdowych spółkach produkcyjnych wchodzących w skład GIP60. Badane spółki stanowiły 10 proc. składu indeksu oraz około 10 proc. jego kapitalizacji, co ze znacznym prawdopodobieństwem pozwala je uznać za reprezentatywne dla wszystkich spółek objętych indeksem. Wyniki badania zaprezentowane w tabeli-załączniku posłużyły do zdefiniowania rodzaju zależności między skalą zadłużenia i skalą działalności oraz sytuacją finansową poszczególnych spółek. Dobór wskaźników został dokonany ze względu na ich użyteczność w podjętej próbie zdefiniowania wspomnianej zależności.

19

Environmental, Social and Corporate Governance and firms’ financial performance: A semi-structured literature review, through the lens of sustainable development

63%

Ermiṣ I. S., Ciuciuc V.-E.

Nowoczesne Systemy Zarządzania

|

2022

|

vol. 17

|

issue 4

13-36

PL

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie studium weryfikacji literatury naukowej dotyczącej relacji pomiędzy czynnikami zarządzania środowiskowego, społecznego i korporacyjnego (ESG) a wynikami finansowymi na poziomie przedsiębiorstwa z uwzględnieniem paradygmatu zrównoważonego rozwoju. Zgodnie z literaturą naukową zakłada się, że przedsiębiorstwa odpowiedzialne społecznie będą zainteresowane zarówno dobrem interesariuszy (klientów, pracowników, członków łańcucha dostaw i społeczności), jak i dobrem ich akcjonariuszy.

EN

The object of this article is to present a concise study of the state of scientific literature regarding the relationship between the Environmental, Social and Corporate Governance (ESG) factors and the financial performance at a company-based level, taking into account the sustainable paradigm. According to scientific literature, we expect that the more socially responsible companies are interested in the well-being of the stakeholders (customers, employees, members of the supply chain, and the community) as much as in that of their shareholders.

20

Tangible and intangible resources and the financial performance of Polish social cooperatives

63%

Rajchelt-Zublewicz M., Piwoni-Krzeszowska E., Matyja M.

Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu

|

2019

|

issue vol. 63, nr 5

173-187

EN

The purpose of the article is to determine the relationship between the level of competitiveness of resources and the financial performance of social cooperatives. In the preliminary analysis, based on the results of survey, we use the data provided by 57 respondents. For in-depth analysis we involve the data from the EMIS Intelligence database of 20 Polish social cooperatives. Using the Spearman’s rank correlation we investigate the relationship between the rating of the level of competitiveness of tangible (physical, technological, financial) and intangible (human, relational, knowledge) resources and the cooperatives’ financial performance, i.e. the rating of profitability and revenues. Initially, the research results proved that there are average relationships between the rating of profitability and the rating of competitiveness of tangible (0.38) and intangible (0.42) resources. However in the in-depth analysis, based on objective data, even a weak correlation between either tangible or intangible resources and the revenues was not found. The article also discusses the obtained results along with identifying the likely causes of this situation.

PL

Celem artykułu było określenie związku pomiędzy poziomem konkurencyjności zasobów a wynikami finansowymi spółdzielni socjalnych. We wstępnej analizie, opartej na wynikach badań ankietowych, wykorzystano dane uzyskane od 57 respondentów. W analizie pogłębionej skorzystano z danych pochodzących z bazy EMIS Intelligence, obejmujących 20 polskich spółdzielni socjalnych. Korzystając z korelacji rangowej Spearmana, zbadano związek między oceną poziomu konkurencyjności zasobów materialnych (fizycznych, technologicznych, finansowych) i niematerialnych (ludzkich, relacyjnych, wiedzy) a wynikami finansowymi spółdzielni, tj. oceną rentowności i przychodami. Początkowo wyniki badań wykazały, że istnieje przeciętna korelacja między oceną rentowności a oceną konkurencyjności zasobów materialnych (0,38) i niematerialnych (0,42). Jednak w pogłębionej analizie opartej na obiektywnych danych nie stwierdzono nawet słabej korelacji między zasobami materialnymi lub niematerialnymi a przychodami. W artykule przedyskutowano także uzyskane wyniki wraz z identyfikacją prawdopodobnych przyczyn takiej sytuacji.

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Zasady amortyzacji środków trwałych w księgach rachunkowych osób prawnych, cz. I

Finansowanie kapitałem obcym – konfrontacja praktyki gospodarczej z elementami teorii

Environmental, Social and Corporate Governance and firms’ financial performance: A semi-structured literature review, through the lens of sustainable development

Tangible and intangible resources and the financial performance of Polish social cooperatives