Search results

1

Finansyzacja w gospodarce światowej

100%

Gostomski E.

International Business and Global Economy

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2014

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vol. Volume 33

299–311

EN

This paper aims to present the essence of financialization and outline the main problems associated with the intensification of this phenomenon in the world economy. Financialization, understood as the dominance of the financial sector over the real sector, which is most evident in the United States, was one of the major causes of the global financial crisis. Basing his analysis on Polish and foreign literature and statistical data, the author presents the main causes, intensity, and consequences of financialization in developed countries. Special attention is paid to the negative consequences of financialization in the world. It is unlikely to stop the process of growing financialization. However, action in favor of greater regulation of financial markets, which could stabilize their functioning and protect the real economy from the painful effects of successive financial crises, should be taken.

2

Stabilność finansowa

100%

Zygierewicz M.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia

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2013

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vol. 47

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issue 3

EN

The subject of this article is the actual review of definition of financial stability. After last crisis on financial market we observe that the progress made in area of adoption of single definition. We observe such principal differences as defining financial stability and financial instability. The majority of definition takes into account the broad definition of stability, including institutions, markets, infrastructure, sometimes also the institution from real economy. Particularly interesting is the discussion concerning the relation between stability and financial assets bubble and ability of financial sector to mitigate internal or external shocks in order to achieve financial stability. These definitions have however only limited usefulness in practice for current activity of public bodies which are responsible for monitoring and maintaining financial stability.

PL

Artykuł nie zawiera abstraktu w języku polskim

3

Pomoc publiczna dla sektora finansowego w Unii Europejskiej w latach 2008–2010

100%

Klimczak B.

Prakseologia

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2012

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issue 153

245-258

EN

Some consider that public aid in the private sector of the market economy disturbs the mechanism of free market competition. In the Treatise and other documents of European Union, competition is a main way to realize common economic and social ends; thus, public aid may be used. I analyze the special situation of public aid for the ﬁnancial sector in 2008. The aim of the article is to the justiﬁcation for public aid for the ﬁnancial sector. The method of analysis is the set of principles of Catholic social thought, as Christian values were the roots of the European integration project. Common good, subsidiarity, solidarity and social justice public aid for the ﬁnancial sector may be unjustiﬁable, especially in the context of solidarity.

4

The impact of the financial sector on economic growth

100%

Włodarczyk B., Szturo M.

FINANSE Czasopismo Komitetu Nauk o Finansach PAN

|

2018

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issue 1(11)

9-25

EN

The approach of a unilateral impact of the financial sector on economic growth was invalidated by the last financial crisis which very quickly changed into a global economic crisis. The aim of the study is the analysis of the impact of the financial sector on economic growth in the context of the growing phenomenon of financialization, which was one of the significant reasons of the financial crisis. The study was focused on presenting the growing scale of this phenomenon and analysing the impact of money supply in USD and EUR on world GDP and the GDP of the USA and the Eurozone. The following hypothesis was postulated: the growing process of financialization causes the growth of the USD and EUR supply, influencing changes in the world GDP, the GDP of the USA and the Eurozone. The study confirmed the hypothesis of the relation of the money supply with changes in economic growth. However, influencing economic growth with the money supply causes the purchasing power of business entities to decrease and causes growing debt. Furthermore, it does not contribute to the strength of the real economy. A repair of the current “system“ should not be sought for in constantly increasing macroprudential regulations, but in a return to a country’s interventionism, leading to a change in the priorities of the actions of financial institutions; mainly banks, and the supply of money based on fixed parities (gold, energy).

5

Financing the small and medium enterprises in Albania

100%

Kurti B., Shuli I.

Perspectives of Innovations, Economics and Business

|

2013

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vol. 13

|

issue 4

99-110

EN

The importance of small and medium enterprises in economy is indisputable. They are the main contributor in employment, innovation and economic growth of a country. European Commission is fully supporting the development and growth of small and medium enterprises through changes in legislation, creating a friendly business environment, facilitation in obtaining funds in the last two decades. The share of SME in total enterprises in Albania is 99.6% and their contribution in the GDP is 73%. Their growth is closely linked with their ability to finance their activity, which is one of the most important issues they are faced with due to their size and creditworthiness. This paper aims to analyze the difficulties and obstacles that SME in Albania encounter in obtaining financing due to lack of source of financing within country, limited opportunities of accessing international capital markets as well as high interest rate.

6

The Growing Importance of the Financial Sector in the Founding Countries of the European Union

100%

Florczak T.

Finanse i Prawo Finansowe

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2020

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vol. 2

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issue 26

37-49

EN

The economies of the 21st century countries operate on the principle of connected vessels. A significant element of changes in economies is the growth of the financial sector. The process of financial sector growth is often referred as financialization. The significant impact of this sector on economic development was shown during the financial crisis of 2008. Financialization is more visible in highly developed countries. Undoubtedly the founding countries of the European Union belong to highly developed countries. It is possible that the financialization is higher in bigger countries like France, Germany, Italy or United Kingdom, which can also have bigger financial sectors. From the other side there is also country, which economy is based on banks. The aim of the article is to indicate the growth of the financial sector in the founding countries of the European Union. To determine the growth of the financial sector, the author used the indicators appearing in the literature of subject. There are indicators relating to functioning of the economy and banking sector. The second method helps to determine in which country financialization is higher. To made the research there was used zero unitarization method. The results of the study allows to determine in which of the subjects the financial sector is at a higher level of development. It is possible, that during researched period there were changes in financializiation of researched countries.

7

Polityka zmiennych składników wynagrodzeń w domach maklerskich

100%

Wieczorek A.

Ekonomia XXI Wieku

|

2016

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issue 2 (10)

62-76

EN

Inefficient remuneration policies in the financial sector have been recognized as one of the main causes of the recent financial crisis. This is because it encouraged executives to take excessive risks, and focus on short-term results, which could bring high annual bonuses. The crisis was followed by a series of reforms of the regulation of executive remuneration policy at international and national levels. In Poland, the deepest changes in the executive remuneration policy took place in the banking sector. They resulted from the transfer by the Polish Financial Authority of regulations from the Directive of the European Parliament of 2010, to the Polish Resolutions of 4 October 2011, as well as from the implementation of the regulations from the Directive of the European Parliament of 2013 to the Polish Act of August of 2015. However, little is known about changes in regulations in other companies operating in the financial sector. The aim of this article is to present new regulations regarding remuneration policy of executives in brokerage houses. The study examines the extent to which brokerage houses operating in Poland have implemented new rules. The analysis shows that the variable components remuneration policy in brokerage houses is not widespread (it is not applied by about 40% of financial institutions or they do not provide any information). This may be due to the fact that the Ordinance of the Minister of Finance is the first of this type of regulations addressed to brokerages. Because of that, they may initially approach the concept of remuneration involving variable components with a certain distrust. However, we can assume that from year to year more and more brokerages will decide to use this policy.

8

Aktivity podnikového a finančného sektora v Banskej Bystrici počas druhej svetovej vojny

100%

Mičko P., Fremal K., Mičková Z.

Acta historica Neosoliensia Vedecký časopis pre historické vedy

|

2023

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vol. 26

|

issue 1

58-73

EN

The economic activities of the town of Banská Bystrica during the existence of the Slovak state were diverse. They developed in the field of industry, trades and crafts, for which the activity of financial institutions was also important. An important industrial sector was the wood and paper industry. During the Second World War, several timber companies were active in the town, focusing on various areas of wood processing. The enterprises operated under both domestic and foreign ownership, with links persisting mainly with Czech capital, which had acquired its positions here during the existence of the Czechoslovak Republic. Plants of a larger or smaller production character played an important role and provided employment and social security for the inhabitants of the town during the period under review.

9

Does the real estate market behavior predict the trust crisis in the financial sector? The case of the ECB and the Euro

88%

Brychko M., Vasilyeva T., Rowland Z., Lyeonov S.

Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

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2021

|

vol. 16

|

issue 4

711-740

EN

Research background: Based on the history of financial crises, real estate market behavior could be thought of as a key benchmark of trust shifts in the financial sector of the economy. Plunging real estate asset prices accompanied by the financial "bubbles" explosion could be viewed as the harbinger ? even the cause ? of the public trust crash in the financial sector. Purpose of the article: This study intends to assess the extent to which the real estate market behavior determinants, along with financial sector consumers' feelings, are able to predict trust crises in the financial sector, namely to its primary institutions ? European Central Bank and the Euro. Methods: In order to estimate the probability of a trust crisis in the financial sector, two logistic regression logit models were developed based on two types of dependent variables as they reflect trust violations in the financial system primary institutions ? net trust in European Central Bank (Model I) and net support for the Euro (Model II). The research was conducted on quarterly panel data of the EU countries from the euro area covering the period from 2000 to 2019. Logit regressions employed for data processing and analysis were performed in the computational system STATISTICA. Findings & value added: The logit-modeling results show that determinants of irrational real estate buyers' behavior are powerless in predicting the escalation of the trust crisis in the Euro. However, binary models of real estate market behavior could be successfully used to predict the probability of the trust crisis in the European Central Bank. The results show that real house price indices, price to income ratio, price to rent ratio, and rent prices accompanied by the financial sector consumers' feelings are statistically significant, providing the best distribution between the normal times and periods of trust crisis in the European Central Bank. Irrational real estate market behavior may indicate serious problems in the trust violations in the European Central Bank, and it should be a signal for policymakers to take actions towards more efficient financial and real estate market regulation following the behavioral approach.

10

Employment and economic entities in the Polish financial sector from 2005-2016

88%

Grzywińska-Rąpca M., Markowski L.

Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics

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2018

|

issue vol. 22 no. 1

79-93

EN

The article analyzes employment in the financial sector and entities conducting financial, insurance or other activities. The aim of this study is to examine employment in the financial sector at the level of provinces and registered entities of this sector using multidimensional methods of statistical analysis. The results of the classification indicate the geographical division of the country in terms of the number of financial and insurance companies. However, the high slope of the directional coefficient means a very strong, growing tendency for the Mazowieckie voivodship, characterized by a much slower trend for the Dolnośląskie, Pomorskie and Śląskie voivodships. In fact, for most of the provinces, trends indicate a statistically significant, negative development trend for the analyzed phenomenon from 2005-2016.

11

Transversal skills in applied Artificial Intelligence - the case of the financial sector

88%

Porjazoska Kujundziski A., Domazet E., Kamberaj H., Rahmani D., Abazi Feta A., Lopez Valverde F., Gálvez Rojas S., Petlenkov E., Vassiljeva K., Štajduhar I., Hagen T., Gradišek A., Zidanšek A.

e-mentor

|

2024

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vol. 104

|

issue 2

82-90

EN

Different aspects of modern society can be transformed by the deployment of Artificial Intelligence (AI). AI-powered tools have promoted changes in the financial industry by applying inventive methods for data analysis and automating processes, efficiency enhancement, cost reduction and more personalised services to customers. However, AI algorithms may activate significant ethical and regulatory concerns that should be addressed by the industry and society as a whole. In line with the Erasmus+ project Transversal Skills in Applied Artificial Intelligence - TSAAI (KA220-HED - Cooperation Partnerships in higher education), which aims to establish a training platform, this paper focuses on an analysis of study programmes in formal tertiary education across consortium countries (Spain, Estonia, North Macedonia, Croatia, Germany, and Slovenia) with a special focus on applied artificial intelligence and development of curriculum that will integrate teaching guidelines covering the areas of application of AI technology in the financial and insurance sectors. To this end, a Systematic Review of Literacy (SRL) on the web methodology identifying the existing employability requirements in AI and the Learning-Centred Syllabus (LCS) methodology for curriculum development was applied, with the presented curriculum expected to serve as a framework to develop teaching materials to help students, academics and employees enhance their professional skills, thus satisfying labour market needs.

12

Evaluating the Relationship Between Financial Sustainability and Socio-Economic Development of Countries

88%

Kremen V., Shkolnyk I., Semenog A., Kremen O.

|

2019

|

vol. 6

|

issue 53

EN

This paper examines the mainstream theories of “financial sustainability” and “financial development”. It is suggested understanding “financial development” as the complex dynamic characteristics of the financial sector, which is formed under the influence of financial and economic policy factors and the financial market functioning. The paper provides the methodology of relationship between financial sustainability and socio-economic development of countries evaluation. Based on the matrix method, it is proved that the differences in developed and developing countries occur due to the relationship between financial sustainability and financial development.

13

Climate change as a source of risk in the financial sector

75%

Kotecki L.

Bezpieczny Bank

|

2019

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vol. 77

|

issue 4

63-80

EN

The article addresses new risks in the financial sector connected with climate change. With greenhouse gas emissions, temperatures will continue to rise and thus increase the financial risk arising from the physical consequences of climate change. The prevention of such consequences will increase the financial risk of the transition to a low-carbon economy, and will lead to changes in business models, to the phenomenon of stranded assets, etc. At the same time, the growing awareness of the need to prevent further climate change and to adapt to the changes already happening intensifies the pressure of various entities and environments on the financial sector to become involved in such activities, and to run its business responsibly and in accordance with the sustainable development concept. All this opens the financial sector to new risks (in addition to the physical risk and the transition risk), in the management of which it has no experience. Both the hedging and especially the materialisation of such risks will affect the stability of the financial sector. Moreover, such new conditions in the functioning of the financial sector, caused by climate change, generate new obligations and challenges for regulators and financial supervisors.

14

Konsekwencje społeczne neoliberalnego modelu sektora finansowego. Wybrane aspekty

75%

Adamczyk S. J.

Pieniądze i Więź

|

2012

|

vol. 15

|

issue 4(57)

29-50

EN

The article identifies and describes the negative features of the neo-liberal financial sector model. Author tries to identify the impact of its features on the society, state economic power and GDP distribution. The reasoning is finished by the philosophic view on the economy and human existence purposes.

15

Financial innovations and new tools in finance

75%

Wójcik-Czerniawska A.

Journal of Management and Financial Sciences

|

2022

|

issue 46

105-116

EN

A benefit in and of itself is not what makes innovation so valuable. In order to make the company ‘more innovative,’ you might hear someone advise a certain course of action. Additionally, a company’s ability to innovate successfully can serve as a magnet for the best and brightest in the industry. They become steadfast employees who appreciate the opportunity to be part of the company’s innovation efforts. Managing innovation is a systematic strategy to implement changes that aim to improve a company’s products, processes, or overall position. There must be an increase in sales or customer satisfaction, a stronger working relationship between the company’s many divisions, or a better working environment for employees as a result of the changes. Financing innovation refers to the development of new financial products, services, or procedures. Throughout the years, innovations in financial instruments and payment methods have fuelled financial innovation. Bank performance depends on financial innovation because it has the potential to boost the industry’s efficiency and profitability. Banks utilise financial and organisational innovation to save money and improve the sector. Using a cash dispensing machine provides users with an ability to withdraw money whenever and wherever they want. With a single click, you can receive or pay cash via mobile banking. This is a great choice for people who do not feel comfortable going to typical bank offices. With negligible transaction costs, it is one of the most cost-effective ways to evaluate financial services.

16

The role of public institutions and their strategies in crisis events in 2008 - 2010

75%

Jan Koleśnik J.

FINANSE Czasopismo Komitetu Nauk o Finansach PAN

|

2014

|

issue 1(7)

37 - 51

17

Stabilność finansowa Unii Europejskiej: czy potrzebne są kolejne reformy?

75%

Orłowski W. M.

Studia BAS

|

2021

|

issue 3(67)

7-25

EN

The article deals with reforms aimed at strengthening the financial stability of the eurozone and the EU. First, it refers to the “original sin” of the eurozone and the errors committed during its construction in the early 1990s. Then, the lessons from the double crisis of 2007–2009 and 2010–2012 are analysed, and the four main dilemmas that the EU faces in the area of institutional reforms are formulated. The overview of the implemented reforms and their proven impact on the macroeconomic imbalances leads to the conclusion that – although the above-mentioned double crisis combined with the global pandemic crisis have already mobilised the EU to introduce many important changes – the reform agenda is still not finished.

18

Individual Determinants for the Transfer of Knowledge in the Financial Sector

75%

Kuchciak I., Wiktorowicz J.

Zarządzanie Zasobami Ludzkimi

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2020

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issue 2(133) "Intergenerational Human Capital Management in Organizations" [Zarządzanie międzygeneracyjnym kapitałem ludzkim w organizacjach]

71-87

EN

The globalization of financial markets and the technological developments that accompany it require the sector to manage knowledge more efficiently. This is especially the case in the area of retaining and making the best use of knowledge in the organization as well as creating and disseminating new knowledge and innovation. In the face of ongoing changes, effective knowledge transfer is becoming a factor stimulating the acquisition and maintenance of the competitive advantage of the organization. The aim of the study is to assess the circumstances of knowledge transfer in the financial sector, with a particular focus on the role of competences in this field. The paper presents the results of a literature study as well as own empirical research based on two data sources: individual data from employer surveys carried out as a part of the “Study of Human Capital” and data from Statistics Poland and the National Bank of Poland publications. The analysis of quantitative data is limited to descriptive statistics.

PL

Globalizacja rynków finansowych i towarzyszący jej rozwój technologiczny wymuszają na sektorze bardziej wydajne zarządzanie wiedzą, zwłaszcza w obszarze zatrzymania wiedzy w organizacji i jej optymalnego wykorzystania, a także tworzenia i upowszechniania nowej wiedzy i innowacji. W obliczu zachodzących przemian skuteczny system transferu wiedzy staje się czynnikiem stymulującym pozyskanie i utrzymanie przewagi konkurencyjnej organizacji. Celem pracy jest ocena uwarunkowań transferu wiedzy w sektorze finansowym, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem roli kompetencji w tym zakresie. W pracy zaprezentowano wyniki przeglądu literaturę przedmiotu, jak również wyniki własnych analiz empirycznych przeprowadzonych w oparciu o dwa źródła danych: indywidualne dane badań pracodawców, zrealizowanych w ramach Bilansu Kapitału Ludzkiego oraz dane pochodzące z opracowań GUS i NBP. W analizie danych ilościowych ograniczono się do statystyk opisowych.

19

Aktywność kredytowa banków w cyklu koniunkturalnym

63%

Lubiński M.

Prace i Materiały Instytutu Rozwoju Gospodarczego SGH

|

2012

|

vol. 90: Badania koniunktury - zwierciadło gospodarki. Część I

119-139

PL

W artykule potraktowano sektor finansowy jako istotny czynnik napędowy fluktuacji koniunkturalnych. Powszechnie przyjęte wyjaśnienie procykliczności systemu finansowego wyrasta z asymetrii informacji między pożyczkobiorcami i pożyczkodawcami. Minsky zaproponował teorię wiążącą kruchość rynku finansowego w toku normalnego funkcjonowania gospodarki z narastaniem baniek spekulacyjnych endogenicznych w stosunku do rynków finansowych. Jednym z wyjaśnień cykli ekonomicznych i finansowych jest także akcelerator finansowy. Stwarza on teoretyczne ramy, w których bilans pożyczkobiorców i wartość oferowanego przez nich zastawu są źródłami fluktuacji w sferze realnej. Dodatkowym materialnym źródłem procykliczności sektora finansowego jest nieadekwatna reakcja uczestników rynku finansowego na zmiany ryzyka w czasie. Zachowanie instytucji finansowych w cyklu koniunkturalnym zależy od postrzegania przez nie ryzyka. W ożywieniu nadmierny optymizm banków odnośnie do perspektyw dłużników, w połączeniu z poprawą bilansów banków w warunkach zaostrzającej się konkurencji, prowadzą do liberalnej polityki kredytowej, powodującej obniżenie standardów kredytowych.

EN

In the article the financial system is viewed as an important driver of business cycle fluctuations. A common explanation for the procyclicality of the financial system has its roots in information asymmetries between borrowers and lenders. Minsky proposed theories linking financial market fragility, in the normal life-cycle of an economy, with speculative investment bubbles endogenous to financial markets. One of the explanation of economic and financial cycles is often known as the ‘financial accelerator’. It creates theoretical framework in which the state of borrowers’ balance sheets and collateral value was a source of real output fluctuations. An additional material source of financial procyclicality is inappropriate responses by financial market participants to changes in risk over time. The behaviour of lending institutions during business cycles depends on their perceptions of risk. During upturns banks’ overoptimism about borrowers’ future prospects, coupled with strong balance sheets and increasing competition, brings about more liberal credit policies with lower credit standards.

20

Zagrożenia psychospołeczne a funkcjonowanie zawodowe pracowników sektora bankowego

63%

Stańczak A., Mościcka-Teske A., Merecz-Kot D.

Medycyna Pracy

|

2014

|

vol. 65

|

issue 4

507-519

EN

Background: Psychosocial risks, via stress mechanism, may negatively influence employees’ health and work activity. Both the scale and the type of these risks depend on job specificity in particular occupation or sector. The aim of the study was to characterize the categories of stressors occurring in the banking sector and their effects on employees’ performance. Material and Methods: The studied subjects were 484 employees tested with the questionnaire method. The Scale of Psychosocial Risk was used as a research tool. Results: The more the employees are exposed to threats connected with work content, work context, pathologies and specific factor, the less satisfied they are and the more frequently they declare turnover intention. However, rarely does it change their engagement or absence. The subjects felt the effects of risks, regardless of their stressfulness. It turns out that individual’s well-being is rather related to work context, e.g. relations with co-workers or salary, than to the character of tasks. It was observed, that with age, employees are less resistant to work context related to threats, which results in frequent absence. Conclusions: Most of the results comply with the literature data. The work environment diagnosis may be based only on the occurrence of psychosocial risks, regardless of the subjectively experienced stress. The conclusions can be used by both employers and specialists in occupational stress prevention. Med Pr 2014;65(4):507–519

PL

Wstęp: Psychospołeczne zagrożenia zawodowe za pośrednictwem mechanizmu stresu mogą negatywnie oddziaływać na zdrowie i funkcjonowanie pracowników. Zarówno skala, jak i rodzaj tych zagrożeń uzależniony jest od specyfiki pracy w danym zawodzie czy branży. Celem pracy była charakterystyka kategorii stresorów występujących w branży bankowej, a także ich skutków dla funkcjonowania pracowników. Materiał i metody: Analizie poddano wyniki uzyskane metodą kwestionariuszową od 484 badanych. Jako narzędzie badawcze wykorzystano Skalę Ryzyka Psychospołecznego. Wyniki: Im bardziej pracownicy są narażeni na występowanie i stresogenność zagrożeń związanych z treścią pracy, kontekstem pracy, patologiami i czynnikiem specyficznym dla branży, tym bardziej czują się niezadowoleni i częściej deklarują chęć zmiany pracy. Rzadko jednak przekłada się to na ich zaangażowanie lub absencję. Badani odczuwali skutki pewnych zagrożeń, nawet jeżeli nie oceniali ich jako stresujące. Okazuje się, że dla dobrostanu jednostki bardziej istotny może być kontekst pracy (np. relacje z innymi czy wynagrodzenie) niż to, czym się ona zajmuje. Zaobserwowano również, że wraz z wiekiem pracownicy gorzej reagują na zagrożenia związane z kontekstem pracy, co objawia się częstszą absencją. Wnioski: Większość uzyskanych wyników pokrywa się z danymi literaturowymi. Diagnozę środowiska pracy można oprzeć tylko na wskaźnikach występowania zagrożeń psychospołecznych, pomijając subiektywne odczuwanie stresu. Wnioski z badania mogą posłużyć zarówno pracodawcom, jak i specjalistom zajmującym się prewencją stresu zawodowego. Med. Pr. 2014;65(4):507–519

Refine search results

Finansyzacja w gospodarce światowej

Stabilność finansowa

Pomoc publiczna dla sektora finansowego w Unii Europejskiej w latach 2008–2010

The impact of the financial sector on economic growth

Financing the small and medium enterprises in Albania

The Growing Importance of the Financial Sector in the Founding Countries of the European Union

Polityka zmiennych składników wynagrodzeń w domach maklerskich

Aktivity podnikového a finančného sektora v Banskej Bystrici počas druhej svetovej vojny

Does the real estate market behavior predict the trust crisis in the financial sector? The case of the ECB and the Euro

Employment and economic entities in the Polish financial sector from 2005-2016

Transversal skills in applied Artificial Intelligence - the case of the financial sector

Evaluating the Relationship Between Financial Sustainability and Socio-Economic Development of Countries

Climate change as a source of risk in the financial sector

Konsekwencje społeczne neoliberalnego modelu sektora finansowego. Wybrane aspekty

Financial innovations and new tools in finance

The role of public institutions and their strategies in crisis events in 2008 - 2010

Stabilność finansowa Unii Europejskiej: czy potrzebne są kolejne reformy?

Individual Determinants for the Transfer of Knowledge in the Financial Sector

Aktywność kredytowa banków w cyklu koniunkturalnym

Zagrożenia psychospołeczne a funkcjonowanie zawodowe pracowników sektora bankowego