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Economic Themes
|
2015
|
vol. 53
|
issue 1
119-141
EN
Investors have become the most important users of financial statements in modern business conditions, and mixed base of financial reporting has been established in order to meet their information needs and it includes elements of the concept of historical cost and the fair value concept, with an increasing shift towards the fair value concept. The primary task of fair value accounting becomes the expression of the fair value of the net assets at the reporting date, while the financial results represent the change in fair value of net assets between the two reporting periods. In our country the application of the "full IFRS" is mandatory for large enterprises and the application of IFRS for SMEs is mandatory for small and medium-sized entities, thus fair value accounting becomes an integral part of the financial statements of domestic companies. However, fair value accounting is not a suitable concept for our country characterized by shallow and underdeveloped financial market, companies whose owners are the company managers at the same time, and low level of economic and technological development. A financial statement audit in terms of the use of the fair value concept becomes much more demanding and complex than the audit of the financial statements based on historical cost accounting.
EN
Independent public healthcare institutions prepare financial statements and submit them for examination by a certified auditor, following the provisions of the Act of September 29, 1994, on Accounting and the Act of May 11, 2017, on certified auditors, audit firms, and public oversight. Inherent risk associated with the activities of independent public healthcare institutions is subject to analysis and evaluation by both the management of the entity and the certified auditor. The management refers to the consequences of inherent risk in the financial statements, disclosing its effects. At the same time, the certified auditor takes this risk into account throughout auditing the financial statements, including in the opinion contained in the audit report. The article aims to identify the determinants of inherent risk in auditing public healthcare institutions' financial statements. The research problem concerning the impact of inherent risk in public healthcare institutions on the course and outcomes of the financial statement audit process has been presented from two perspectives: that of the examined entity – the public healthcare institution and the certified auditor, who takes the risk into account in planning and executing audit activities. The research tools applied include the analysis of subject literature, legal acts, and National Audit Standards, as well as the analysis of sample financial statements and audit reports of selected public healthcare institutions. The obtained conclusions from the critical analysis should be used to verify the accounting and auditing system solutions.
PL
Samodzielne publiczne zakłady opieki zdrowotnej (spzoz) sporządzają sprawozdania finansowe i poddają je badaniu przez biegłego rewidenta, zgodnie z przepisami ustawy z dnia 29.09.1994 r. o rachunkowości i ustawy z dnia 11.05.2017 r. o biegłych rewidentach, firmach audytorskich oraz nadzorze publicznym. Ryzyko nieodłączne towarzyszące działalności spzoz podlega analizie i ocenie zarówno przez kierownictwo jednostki, jak i biegłego rewidenta. Do skutków ryzyka nieodłącznego w spzoz kierownictwo nawiązuje w sprawozdaniu finansowym, ujawniając jego skutki, natomiast biegły rewident uwzględnia to ryzyko w całym procesie badania sprawozdania finansowego, w tym w opinii zawartej w sprawozdaniu z badania. Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja uwarunkowań ryzyka nieodłącznego w procesach badania sprawozdania finansowego spzoz. Problem badawczy dotyczący wpływu ryzyka nieodłącznego w spzoz na przebieg i efekty procesu badania sprawozdania finansowego przedstawiony został w dwóch perspektywach: podmiotu badanego – spzoz oraz biegłego rewidenta uwzględniającego ryzyko w planowaniu i realizacji działań audytowych. Jako narzędzia badawcze zastosowano analizę literatury przedmiotu, aktów prawnych, Krajowych Standardów Badania oraz analizę przykładowych sprawozdań finansowych oraz sprawozdań z badania wybranych spzoz. Wnioski z analizy krytycznej powinny posłużyć weryfikacji systemowych rozwiązań rachunkowości i audytu.
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