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Fiscal Rules and Fiscal Illusions – The Experience of Poland

100%

Panfil P.

Financial Law Review

2021

vol. 24

issue 4

24-42

The aim of this article is to provide the synthetic presentation of over twenty years of Poland’s experience in establishing and obeying the system of fiscal rules. This experience depicts the scale of problems entailed by public authorities’ low determination as regards observance of constraints imposed on them. Therefore, it is necessary to substantially reinforce the budgetary frameworks in Poland with the use of the best European models. Firstly, the ESA 2010 standards should be fully implemented into the Polish legal order. Secondly, the Polish system of fiscal rules should be complemented with the budget balance rule, which would make it easier to achieve and maintain a medium-term budgetary objective defined by the EU regulations. Thirdly, a fiscal institution should be established, which would allow for constant and independent of the government monitoring of the observance of fiscal rules. Such institutional changes would make it possible to constrain the discretionary nature of the fiscal policy and, consequently, would increase Poland’s fiscal sustainability in the medium and long term. The basic research methods used in this paper are dogmatic analysis and comparative legal analysis.

A Comparative Approach to Fiscal Illusions: a Synthesis of the Conclusions from a Polish Study in Relation to New Ideas and Empirical Research in Selected Countries

72%

Guziejewska B.

Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe

2021

vol. 24

issue 2

7-21

Przedmiotem artykułu są iluzje fiskalne w zdecentralizowanych systemach finansów publicznych. Pojawienie się bowiem w systemie niezależnego i autonomicznego ogniwa jakim są finanse samorządu terytorialnego powoduje nowe problemy. W artykule przedstawiono syntezę wyników badan empirycznych poświęconych rodzajom i zakresowi iluzji fiskalnych wśród polskich radnych, w której główny nacisk położono na aspekty jakościowe analizowanego zjawiska. Wnioski z badań poświęconych Polsce skonfrontowano z nowymi nurtami badań oraz nowym spojrzeniem na problem, które ukazały się w ostatnich latach. Celem artykułu jest usystematyzowanie dotychczasowego stanu wiedzy w kontekście wybranych badań empirycznych, sformułowanie postulatów dla praktyki i decydentów publicznych oraz wskazanie na kierunki pożądanych badań w przyszłości. W artykule wykorzystano metodę desk research oraz doświadczenia i subiektywne spojrzenie badawcze nabyte w toku realizacji projektu poświęconego iluzjom fiskalnym. W trakcie tych badań potwierdzono główną tezę, że system finansowania samorządu terytorialnego oparty na dochodach o charakterze transferów z budżetu państwa wpływa na powstawanie i utrwalanie iluzji fiskalnych.

This article examines fiscal illusions in public finance systems where decentralisation involving the introduction of an independent and autonomous component of local government funding brings new problems. It presents a synthesis of the findings from a Polish empirical study that set out to determine the types and extent of fiscal illusion among Polish councillors, focusing on the qualitative aspects of the phenomenon. It also compares the findings with other streams of research and new approaches to fiscal illusion. The purpose of the article is to systematise the knowledge of fiscal illusion based on selected empirical studies, to formulate proposals for practitioners and public decision‑makers, and to highlight areas for future research to address. The article was prepared using a desk research approach and the author’s own experiences and research perspective formed during the study of fiscal illusions. The findings presented in the article corroborate its main thesis that a local government funding system based on intergovernmental transfers contributes to the emergence and perpetuation of fiscal illusions.

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1 Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe

1 Financial Law Review

1 Guziejewska B.

1 Panfil P.

2 2021

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Fiscal Rules and Fiscal Illusions – The Experience of Poland

A Comparative Approach to Fiscal Illusions: a Synthesis of the Conclusions from a Polish Study in Relation to New Ideas and Empirical Research in Selected Countries