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EN
The study reports on social relations among peers in the contexts of various educational institutions. The aim of the study is to emphasize the importance of bodily expressions and their involvement in the constitution of peer-to-peer interactions, with focus on the ethnography of the body, reflecting rather the participants’ behaviour than their speech. The author comments on various forms of corporeal contacts as key factors in the creation of peer groups and the intentional peer learning.
Studia Ełckie
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2022
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vol. 24
|
issue 2
171-190
EN
Death is inscribed in the physical nature of man and arouses in him a lot of uncertainty, fear and sadness. Although the inevitable death is still difficult to explain, especially when it concerns children who have not been able to reach maturity much. St. Gregory of Nyssa devoted a lot of space in his writings to its understanding and the preparation of the faithful for its reception. For man is a corporeal and spiritual being, created by almighty God in his image and likeness. The material body has been animated by the immortal soul. For man combines elements of material and non-material reality. Death is the moment when the two elements separate. Concerned about the fate of man, God sent his Only-begotten Son into the world, who, taking human nature, accomplished the work of salvation in it, dying on the cross and rising, which was a great victory over death. The resurrection of Christ became not only a demonstration of God's omnipotence, but a foreshadowing of the resurrection of all people, because in it human nature regained its original state, which people lost due to the sin of their first parents. St. Gregory of Nyssa, emphasizing the effects of the work of redemption, points out that a person should not fear death, because he can prepare for its encounter by practicing a virtuous life on earth. For man's goal is to see God, and he can achieve them by keeping the commandments and following the attitude of the incarnate Son of God, which reveals to mankind what is necessary in God's eyes to participate in the glory of the Kingdom of Heaven.
PL
Jednym z głównych tematów powracających w twórczości Małgorzaty Szumowskiej jest ciało ujęte w sposób podmiotowy, jako konstytutywny element tożsamości, oraz przedmiotowy, jako obiekt zabiegów medycznych, fragmentaryzacji, rozkładu, autopsji. Zwrócenie przez reżyserkę uwagi na materialność ciała oraz wskazanie splotu między nim a materią, która posiada własną dynamikę i sprawczość, zachęca do przyjrzenia się jej wybranym dziełom z perspektywy nowego materializmu reprezentowanego m.in. przez Karen Barad, Rosi Braidotti czy Roberta Esposita.
EN
One of the main recurring themes in Małgorzata Szumowska’s work is the body shown subjectively as a constitutive element of identity, and objectively as a target of medical procedures, fragmentation, decomposition, autopsy. The director’s attention to the materiality of the body and her pointing at how it is intertwined with physical matter that has its own dynamics and agency encourage us to examine her selected works from the perspective of new materialism represented by Karen Barad, Rosi Braidotti and Roberto Esposito, among others.23-38
Avant
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2018
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vol. 9
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issue 2
129-140
EN
If, as Maurice Merleau-Ponty writes, “True philosophy consists in relearning to look at the world,” and if Merleau-Ponty is accordingly often described as a philosopher of the body or a philosopher of painting, how are we to understand the apparently new turn to music that Merleau-Ponty makes toward the end of the final completed chapter, entitled “The Intertwining-The Chiasm,” of The Visible and the Invisible? I argue that the course of the “Chiasm” chapter moves from a concern for the reciprocal intertwining of body and world to a concern for the Ineinander of temporality. Thus, there are two dimensions involved in forming Merleau-Ponty’s chiastic structure of the flesh: the fecundity of the sensible world in the dimension of simultaneity and the transcendence of the subject in the dimension of succession. The aim of this article is to explore the part of this structure that pertains to the temporal movement of transcendental intersubjectivity. Focusing on Merleau-Ponty’s adaptation of Husserl’s term, Ineinander, I trace the musical context of the term from Merleau-Ponty’s course notes, “Philosophie aujourd’hui” to the final passages from the “Chiasm” chapter of The Visible and the Invisible, understanding the Ineinander as it pertains to the relation of past and present. Contrary to the overflowing sense of presence experienced by the body in the world, the Ineinander is characterized by succession-by the écart-and finds its natural expression in the movement of music. Thus, the chiastic structure at the heart of Merleau-Ponty’s philosophy of the flesh expresses not only the immersion of a body in the world that sees; it expresses also, as that which is no longer and that which is to come, a creative, melodic movement of time.
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EN
The article analyses two cases dealing with the issue of the body, its autonomy and fragility. The first case concerns the decision made by Bettina Goring - whose grandfather was Hermann Goring's brother. The woman decided to undergo tubal ligation so that her family's lineage would die out. The second, better-known case is the story of violence in Abu Ghraib prison in 2003, where American soldiers tortured Iraqi prisoners and captured everything in photographs. Both events explain the importance of the potentiality in the body and its economy and prove that the limits of bodily plasticity - both physical and semantic - are shifted further than commonly believed.
PL
Artykuł jest analizą dwóch epizodów dotyczących kwestii ciała, jego autonomii i kruchości. Pierwszy dotyczy decyzji Bettiny Goring - której dziadek był bratem Hermanna Goringa. Kobieta postanowiła poddać się zabiegowi podwiązania jajowodów, by ród jej rodziny wymarł. Drugi epizod, bardziej znany, to historia przemocy w więzieniu Abu Ghraib w 2003 roku, gdzie amerykańscy wywiadowcy torturowali więźniów irackich i wszystko utrwalili w formie fotografii.  Oba zdarzenia wyjaśniają znaczenie potencjalności zawartej w ciele i jego ekonomii oraz udowadniają, że granice cielesnej plastyczności - zarówno fizycznej jak i znaczeniowej - są przesunięte dalej niż powszechnie uważano.
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