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VIOLATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS DURING THE MIGRATION OF POPULATION AT THE CLOSE OF AND AFTER WORLD WAR II IN CENTRAL EUROPE

100%
Hrynicki W. M., Widerski J.
Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka – Refleksje
|
2016
|
vol. 24(24)
92-117
EN
1. Objective The objective of the article is to recall the enormity of human suffering related to the forcible relocation of population at the close of and after World War II in Central Europe. The tragedy of World War II did not end with the signing of peace treaties. On the contrary, for many people it was the beginning of flight, exile,and, finally, forcible relocation. The victors were dealing without mercy not only with the defeated but also with the allies and own citizens, violating the regulations of international treaties. Today we should remember about those horrible events, which only recently have started to be discussed loudly so that the same mistakes leading to the suffering and death of many human beings are not made in the future. 2. Introduction The great conferences which crowned World War II (Tehran, Yalta, Potsdam) as well as the Atlantic Charter and the Charter of the United Nations pulled the world, and Europe in particular, our of the nightmare of destruction and death, and, all the same, they also served as a guarantee that the spoils of war would be divided between the victors. However, the above-mentioned treaties did not divide only territories but, particularly, people, giving rise to the tragedy of flight, exile and forcible relocation. The tragedies took place especially in Central Europe and they affected both the invaders and the victims. The victims sometimes turned into invaders, and the invaders into victims. The atrocities of flight, exile and forcible relocation were suffered by Jews, for whom World War II constituted the greatest tragedy ever, as well as by the Poles, Germans, Hungarians, Ukrainians, Belarussians, Czechs, Slovaks, Lithuanians, Russians and representatives of other nations. The beautiful slogans of the Atlantic Charter and the Charter of the United Nations became for those fleeing, exiled and forcibly relocated only empty watchwords, of which most of them did not even hear during the tragedy. 3. Methodology The authors identify the enormity of flight, exile and forcible relocation of people at the close of and after World War II, and try to raise the awareness of the need to remember about it and draw conclusions for the future. The adopted comparative historical method allows for direct needs analysis concerning the guarantee of basic human needs in the face of the horrors of war and actions taken directly after the war. 4. Conclusions The authors prove that, irrespective of victory in a war, securing people against national or ethnic persecution when the war has come to an end should be a matter of overriding importance for the victors. The victory does not entitle the victors to treat people like objects, even if they also were accomplices to the tragedy of war. Great wars are fought between states, particularly between the biggest ones, and it is the unarmed, innocent people who suffer, even though they are not responsible for their outbreak and all the harm. The experience of World War II should make people aware of the threat of suffering and death in the face of post-war division of territorial spoils.
2
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Heidegger, zlo a zodpovednosť človeka

86%
Lepis B. S.
Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)
|
2022
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vol. 70
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issue 2
267-283
EN
Heidegger approaches the problem of evil in an unusual way. He disregards its moral connotations, intending to analyze it as a purely ontological problem intertwined with the concept of nothingness and the forgetfulness of being. A problem with this approach that is frequently commented upon is that it omits the aspect of human responsibility, as it portrays humans merely as passive recipients of fate. The aim of this study is to show that in his 1936 Schelling-Lecture Heidegger approaches the problem of evil in a more complex manner: on the one hand, he portrays evil as a necessary part of being; on the other hand, he leaves a certain space for decision making. This dimension, mostly overlooked in the literature, is highlighted in the study by means of three main steps: 1) analyzing the relevant paragraphs of Heidegger’s Schelling-Lecture; 2) identifying the inconsistencies that emerge in these paragraphs; and 3) offering a coherent interpretation of evil as a real possibility of human freedom.
3
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Współczesne zabezpieczenie portów lotniczych w kontekście zagrożenia terrorystycznego

72%
Kozak Z.
Przegląd Zachodniopomorski
|
2018
|
issue 3
191-202
EN
The airport infrastructure has always been the target of terrorist attacks. Any changes and innovations within it should be aimed at preventing such attacks. Full security cannot be guaranteed by any system, which may be proved by the terrorist attempt at the airport of Zaventem near Brussels.
PL
Infrastruktura portu lotniczego jest i pozostanie atrakcyjnym celem ataków terrorystycznych. Wszelkie zmiany i innowacje w jej obrębie powinny mieć na celu niedopuszczenie do kolejnych zamachów terrorystycznych. Należy zdawać sobie sprawę, że nie istnieje system, który zapewniłby 100-procentowe zabezpieczenie przed zagrożeniami terrorystycznymi. Dowodem na powyższą tezę może być chociażby zamach na brukselskim lotnisku Zaventem.
4

Flüchtlingsschicksal im Jugendroman „Hesmats Flucht” (2008) von Wolfgang Böhmer. Ein Fallbeispiel für Realistisches Schreiben über Afghanistan in der deutschsprachigen KJL

58%
Wolting M.
Germanica Wratislaviensia
|
2017
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vol. 142
89-104
DE
In dem Beitrag wird das Thema einer literarischen Darstellung eines Flüchtlingsschicksals erörtert. Hier ist vorrangig von Interesse die Weise, wie der Autor, Wolfgang Böhmer, die Figur eines Ju­gendlichen, Hesmat und seine Fluchtaus Afghanistan literarisch aufarbeitet. In den zentralen Punkt der Überlegungen rückt der Realitätsanspruch des Romans, der seine Bestätigung im aussagekräf­tigen Nachwort findet.
EN
Within this article I would like to discuss the topic of a literative representing of a refugeeʼs fate. The point of view is focussed on the way how the author Wolfgang Böhmer, is figuring out literally the character of a young man, Hesmat and his escaping route out of Afghanistan. The main issue ofthe reflections is the demand of reality in the novel confirmed in themeaningful afterword.
5

Bartleby and His Brothers or the Political Art of Refusal

58%
Herer M.
Dialogue and Universalism
|
2016
|
issue 2
129-140
EN
The article discusses the political (and potentially emancipatory) meaning of refusal. Against the dominating philosophical perspective, praising participation and sense of community, it argues that the acts of refusal may (or even must) play an important role in resistance against power. Some elements of a possible theory of refusal are to be found in the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze, especially in his famous essay on Herman Melville’s Bartleby, the Scrivener, but also in Dialogues (with C. Parnet) and Mille Plateaux (with Félix Guattari), where he coins the crucial concept of becoming-imperceptible.
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