Search results

1

Simulation Analysis of the Effects of Increased Foreign Ownership on Wage Inequality

100%

Zulfiu Alili M.

Academicus. International Scientific Journal

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2014

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issue 09

140-158

EN

Transition countries have, in general, experienced an increase in labour market inequality during and after the initial transition period. Theory and empirical studies analysing the causes and mechanisms of increasing inequality in transition economies identify globalisation, skilled-biased technological change, differences in access to schooling, the pattern and level of unemployment and institutions as important factors. Foreign direct investment (FDI) has increased significantly in transition economies during the transition period and has been considered to be an important channel for the diffusion of new technology, managerial skills and new knowledge. As a result of technological and management expertise FDI may raise the level of wages in the host economies, improve working conditions and increase employment, though little previous research has focused on these effects in transition economies. Using the GINI coefficient as the measure of wage inequality a simulation analysis indicates that the net effects of FDI on wage inequality will depend in part on country specific factors, namely how large are the differences in skilled and unskilled wages, the skill-intensity of employment in foreign-owned firms compared to domestic ones and the relative size of the foreign-owned sector.

2

International Experts’ Influence on Company Internationalization

100%

Kravchenko G.

Central European Management Journal

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2021

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vol. 29(4)

57-90

EN

Purpose: The article evaluates the associative relationship between international supervisory board experts and foreign ownership, along with the experts’ influence on the financial and operating performance of firms. The study was based on data collected for 257 companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange in 2010–2015. Methodology: The dataset was built as a panel, and then generalized least squares regression models with a fixed or random effect were employed to test hypotheses. Findings: The findings of the study clearly show that the presence of investigated firms in foreign markets positively affects company performance. Moreover, models with dependent variables ROA and ROS show that supervisory board members with foreign experience positively affect profitability indicators of firms that do not operate on foreign markets. The data analyses reveal that international experts are more effective advisors for companies that conduct no business activities on foreign markets. Furthermore, the results show a positive moderate association between the share of international experts in supervisory boards and the share of foreign ownership in the company. Originality: The article contributes to the understanding of determinants and consequences of the presence of international experts in supervisory boards and company internationalization.

3

On the way to dumbing down…The case of Central Europe

63%

Wyka A. W.

Central European Journal of Communication

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2009

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vol. 2

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issue 1(2)

133-147

EN

The initial assumptions that foreign capital, know-how and experience would contribute to the development of the East Central European media in terms of their content, quality and profession- alism only in a positive way were found to be wrong. Five years afer Eastern and Central European countries “achieved” membership to the European Union, the unfortunate characteristics of East Cen- tral Europe’s media have, interalia, been devaluation of quality journalism, homogenization of media content, standardization of media content, uncritical reporting and commercialization/tabloidization. Private media’s desire is to achieve commercial success and to have the largest audience possible. In large part, hunting for this public audience has been accomplished by providing it with imported low-quality programming, sensationalist stories, talk and reality shows and so on (broadcast media). In other words, foreign investors are pushing their own agenda on consumers by importing serials, soap-operas and talk-shows. As for print media, homogenization (internationalization/europeization) of the business model has resulted in so-called carbon copies or clones of the Western publications (for instance: tabloids Fakt, Blikk or Blask). At the end of the day, it must be acknowledged that this all infl uences the overall quality of journal- ism. Indeed, efforts are concentrated at making profi ts at the expense of quality. Furthermore, com- mitments to ethical standards, which would be regarded as a minimum requirement in the home country, are frequently neglected in the host country. Th is paper will draw attention to the impact of foreign investment into the press and broadcasting on media performance in the East Central Europe’s region fi ve years after the EU enlargement. Ultimately, it will demonstrate how foreign investors are dulling public awareness – “dumbing down” to make profit.

4

Znaczenie zagranicznego kapitału właścicielskiego i liberalizacji finansowej dla ryzyka bankowego: analiza porównawcza w krajach europejskich

63%

Karkowska R.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia

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2017

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vol. 51

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issue 5

EN

The goal of this study is to empirically identify how foreign capital group and financial liberalization affect the risk profiles of the banking sector in Europe. Through a dataset that covers 381 European banks spanning the 1995–2015 period and the methodology of panel regression, the empirical findings document the heterogeneity of banking risk determinants. We examine the implications of banks’ risk adjusted ROA that manifest themselves as spreading and growing instability. It also contributes to the literature by focusing on a group of countries from Central and Eastern and Advanced Europe that have not been studied before. The extended model provides a causal link between the risk in the banking sector and the growth of the financial sector and economy.

PL

Celem badania jest weryfikacja empiryczna odpowiedzi na pytanie, w jaki sposób udział zagranicznego kapitału właścicielskiego i liberalizacji finansowej wpływa na profil ryzyka sektora bankowego w Europie. Wykorzystując dane indywidualne z 381 banków europejskich w okresie 1995–2015 i metodę regresji panelowej, autorka udowadnia heterogeniczność czynników ryzyka bankowego. Analizie został poddany wskaźnik ROA ważony ryzykiem, który jest wykorzystywany jako miara niestabilności finansowej banków. Badanie stanowi istotny wkład do literatury i dotyczy grupy krajów z Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej oraz krajów rozwiniętych. Wyniki estymacji modelu wskazują na związek przyczynowy między ryzykiem bankowym a wzrostem sektora finansowego i gospodarki.

5

The effect of the degree of foreign ownership on firms' performance

63%

Hintošová A. B., Kubíková Z.

Review of Economic Perspectives

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2016

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vol. 16

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issue 1

29-44

EN

A large number of studies have compared the performance of foreign-owned and domestic firms. However, only a limited number of studies have investigated the effect of the degree of foreign ownership on a firm's performance. We attempt to fill this gap in the literature by conducting research that distinguishes not only between domestic and foreign-owned firms, but also between wholly and partly foreign-owned firms. We also examine the possible non-linearity of the performance-ownership relationship. We divide the firms in our study into three groups by their ownership - domestic, foreign, and joint ventures. We use a regression analysis to explore whether foreign ownership influences the firms' performance, measured by several variables such as profitability, innovation performance (measured by gross expenditures on research and development activities), numbers of employees involved in research and development, production, value added, leverage and net working capital intensity. The results of our research indicate that there is a statistically significant difference in firms' performance as a result of foreign ownership in all variables except the number of research and development employees and leverage. Moreover, we show that foreign ownership and performance are linked by an inverted U-shaped relationship. A firm’s performance increases with greater foreign ownership up to the range of 61-65 %, and declines thereafter.

6

Strategic Change Process in Practice: Four Case Studies in Kosovo

51%

Lekaj D., Qirezi B.

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2020

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vol. 18(1(87))

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issue 1/2020 (87)

54-80

PL

Cel: Zmiana strategiczna z punktu widzenia strategii jako praktyki (strategy as practice – SAP) jest interaktywnym i złożonym procesem osadzonym w otoczeniu makro i mikro, zwłaszcza w kontekście biznesu międzynarodowego. W artykule zbadano proces strategicznej zmiany organizacyjnej w czterech zagranicznych i krajowych przedsiębiorstwach finansowych w Kosowie. Metodologia: W celu zbadania procesu zmian strategicznych i przybliżenia kwestii zarządzania zmianą w ujęciu kontekstowym w badaniu zastosowano podejście oparte na strategii jako praktyce oraz metodologię teorii ugruntowanej (Charmaz, 2006). Wyniki: W opracowaniu zaproponowano 5 etapów zmian: doświadczanie kryzysu, diagnoza organizacji, kształtowanie strategii zmiany, komunikowanie strategii zmiany oraz wdrażanie i stabilizowanie zmiany. Wyniki pokazują, że modele zmian strategicznych należy dostosować w oparciu o kontekst zmian i inne czynniki organizacyjne, takie jak rodzaj organizacji, branża, rodzaj kryzysu, kultura organizacyjna i inne czynniki dostosowane do potrzeby zmiany. Wartość: Wyniki wnoszą konstruktywną dyskusję w dziedzinę strategii jako praktyki i obszar badań w zakresie biznesu międzynarodowego, podkreślając znaczenie integracji kultury, komunikacji i stabilizacji nowych praktyk poprzez zrozumienie kultury lokalnej i dzięki tolerancji ze strony przedsiębiorstw międzynarodowych, w tym przedsiębiorstw prowadzących fuzje i przejęcia. JEL: M19 Suggested Citation: Lekaj, D., & Qirezi, B. (2020). Strategic Change Process in Practice: Four Case Studies in Kosovo. Problemy Zarządzania (Management Issues), 18(1), 54–80. https://doi.org/10.7172/1644- 9584.87.3.

EN

Purpose: Strategic change from the perspective of strategy as practice (SAP) is an interactive and complex process entangled in the macro and micro environment, especially in the international business context. This paper explores the process of organizational strategic change in four financial companies with foreign and domestic ownership in Kosovo. Methodology: The study uses strategy as practice approach and grounded theory methodology (Charmaz, 2006) to examine the process of strategic change and to provide insights of change management in context. Results: The study proposes 5 stages of change: experiencing crisis, diagnosing the organization, shaping the change strategy, communicating the change strategy, and implementing and stabilizing change. The results show that strategic change models should be adapted based on the context of change and other organizational contents such as type of organization, industry, type of crisis, organizational culture and other factors aligned with the need for change. Value: The results add a constructive discussion to the field of strategy as practice and the international business research area, highlighting the importance of culture integration, communication and new practice stabilization through the understanding of the local culture and tolerance on the part of international companies including M&A firms. JEL: M19 Acknowledgements: This research received no funds. Suggested Citation: Lekaj, D., & Qirezi, B. (2020). Strategic Change Process in Practice: Four Case Studies in Kosovo. Problemy Zarządzania (Management Issues), 18(1), 54–80. https://doi.org/10.7172/1644- 9584.87.3.

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1 Academicus. International Scientific Journal

1 Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia

1 Central European Journal of Communication

1 Central European Management Journal

1 Problemy Zarządzania

1 Review of Economic Perspectives

1 Hintošová A. B.

1 Karkowska R.

1 Kravchenko G.

1 Kubíková Z.

1 Lekaj D.

1 Qirezi B.

1 Wyka A. W.

1 Zulfiu Alili M.

1 2021

1 2020

1 2017

1 2016