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Old forensic Evidence, Contemporary Resources of forensic Science and the Police X-Files — Crime is Not an Abstract and theoretical Entity Out of Touch with Reality

100%

Zubańska M.

Internal Security

2018

vol. 10(1)

107-124

The obligation to prosecute the perpetrator of any crime throughout the entire period of its punishability is one of the statutory tasks of the Police. The prominent forensic scientist — Hans Gross claimed that crime is not an abstract and theoretical entity out of touch with reality, but a real social phenomenon that can be investigated and recognised. Nevertheless, archive shelves contain records of undetected crimes from the past years that cast a shadow over police statistics and never give investigators any peace of mind. These undetected crimes from a few, a dozen or even several dozen years ago, are reinvestigated by officers from the Cold Case Units (colloquially referred to as the Police X-Files). Currently, such a unit operates in each regional police headquarters as well as in the National Police Headquarters. The methods and means that the X-Files investigators take advantage of depend on the specificity of an individual case, however, in the model of their conduct, it is forensic science that plays a significant role — alongside covert policing or criminal analysis. Physical evidence plays a huge role in determining the objective truth, and thanks to the research methods and tools currently available to crime scene investigators, the boundaries of learning about the reality are expanding. Despite the passage of time, the purpose of criminal proceedings is achieved, i.e. perpetrators of many crimes committed years ago are identified and brought to justice.

Sądownictwo Republiki Cypryjskiej – wybrane zagadnienia

44%

Radlak K.

Roczniki Administracji i Prawa

2016

vol. 16/2

43-60

Artykuł ma na celu przybliżenie systemu wymiaru sprawiedliwości funkcjonującego w Republice Cypryjskiej. Z pewnością temat ten powinien zostać opisany i przedstawiony w formie kompendium wiedzy o sądownictwie. Autorka ukazuje wymiar sprawiedliwości na wielu płaszczyznach. Rozważany jest wpływ konfliktu turecko-cypryjskiego na wymiar sprawiedliwości, skutki i zmiany, jakie zachodzą w tej materii, gdy Republika Cypryjska staje się państwem członkowskim Unii Europejskiej, powiązania common law z prawem stosowanym przez sądy. Wskazuje również podział, strukturę, organizację sądownictwa cypryjskiego, drogę zawodową, jaką trzeba przejść, by zostać prawnikiem. Opracowanie ma wymiar informacyjny, naukowy, zostało wzbogaconae o liczne ciekawostki historyczne, odwołania oraz porównania do sądownictwa w Polsce. Zawiera najistotniejsze informacje, opisane w taki sposób, aby czytelnik mógł sobie wyobrazić proces powstawania prawa na Cyprze, początki konstytucjonalizmu w państwie, dla którego historia jest bardzo istotna.

The article’s goal is to introduce the reader to the judicial system that that operates in Republic of Cyprus. The author shows the judicial system on various levels. The Turkish invasion of Cyprus and its impact on Cyprus legal system is considered, as well as the results and changes made in this matter since Republic of Cyprus joined EU, its connections with common law and law that is actually applied in courts. Author also shows division, structure and organization of Cyprus judiciary, the career path one must take to become a lawyer. Publication has an informative and scientific character. It is written in simple and understandable language despite of the fact that it is referring to such important matters as justice system. This publication has been enriched by many historical curiosities, referrals and comparisons to Polish judiciary system. It includes the most important information, pictorially describes low making process in Cyprus as well as the beginnings of constitutionalism in country for which history is so very important.

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Old forensic Evidence, Contemporary Resources of forensic Science and the Police X-Files — Crime is Not an Abstract and theoretical Entity Out of Touch with Reality

Sądownictwo Republiki Cypryjskiej – wybrane zagadnienia