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Iwona Mikołajczyk’s article The title pragmatism and Polish adherents of “formism” creativeness is another attempt at defining the function of the titles used in the plastic practice. Considering the problem from the psychophysiology and adherents’ of “formism” work perception point of view, the author distinguishes the group relating to the plastic sign. Within that group there are the works whose names show the receiver the composition mode: a subject, an object, a scene (a theme) and an aesthetic aspect. The second group includes the titles fulfilling the role of the complement for the plastic sign. The third group includes the works whose names provoke the receiver to (re)construct the plastic sign. The presented classification not only characterizes the process of creation, but what is more important, shows the title rank in the work of art reception process.
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Iwona Mikołajczyk’s article “Vers a l austere” Peripheral Art and the Rhythm and Form in Polish Adherents of Formalism Painting discusses Polish avant-garde chosen works from the point of view of the painters’ attitude to the peripheral culture: folkloristic, fair and popular. Using secondary modelling signs of the determinate kind, Tymon Niesiołowski, Eugeniusz Zak, Tytus Czyżewski and Andrzej Pronaszko transposed its esthetical value, artistic means and motives to their own paintings connecting them with avant-garde techniques. Condensing various creative techniques within one work they reached the new formal quali-ties, the severe and clean construction based on the rhythm and means of expres-sion. Those visual values distinguish their creativeness from the West-European avant-garde achievements.
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