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Rachunkowość kreatywna a rachunkowość agresywna

100%
Król D.
Nauki o Finansach
|
2015
|
issue 2(23)
11-21
EN
The beginning of the XXIst century witnessed a dozen spectacular cases which contributed to the loss of confidence in the clarity and reliability of information presented in financial statements of numerous economic entities. Those frauds started a heated debate on creative accounting, as in fact both in theory and in practice any instances of accounting operations contrary to the principles of accounting or with the actual state began to be named. In Polish literature there is disagreement not only about the very definition of “creative accounting”, but also as to whether it has a positive or negative meaning. The article tried to define, organise and differentiate both concepts. Various definitions of creative and aggressive accounting were quoted and views and addressed aspects of the issues discussed by the national authorities in the field of accounting were presented.
2

Reducing the Vat Gap in Poland

100%
Simińska-Domańska K.
Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku-Białej
|
2019
|
issue 2
39-44
EN
The main goal of the paper is to study the effectiveness of legal changes introduced in 2016 which were aimed at reduction of the VAT gap in Poland. The study consists of a normative, legal and quantitative analysis of data provided by the Ministry of Finance and shows the financial scale of VAT gap reduction. The thesis put forward in the paper assumes that the changes in law introduced in 2016 made it possible to effectively reduce the VAT gap in Poland and to tighten the system of VAT collection. The author managed to confirm the thesis in the course of the conducted research. The paper also emphasizes that the Polish tax on goods and services is well harmonized with its EU counterpart. Also the activities aimed at combating the phenomenon of VAT fraud seem to have brought positive results. At the same time, the central invoice register which is due to be implemented in July 2019, is expected to be a significant improvement.
3
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Planowane rozwiązania ograniczające lukę podatkową VAT w Polsce. Nowe metody wykrywania nieprawidłowości i ich eliminacji

75%
Pastuszka J.
Kontrola Państwowa
|
2016
|
vol. 61
|
issue 4 (369)
102-119
EN
The tax gap, understood as the difference between the planned (potential) tax incomes to the state budget and the actual amounts of taxes paid by the taxpayers, is influenced by numerous factors. These include all activities undertaken by entrepreneurs aimed at hiding transactions for which taxes should be paid. A special group of such activities are VAT frauds. In his article, the author presents the most important information on illegal practices related to VAT calculation, as well as changes proposed by the Polish government aimed at reducing the respective tax gap. The planned solutions have been assessed from the perspective of their advantages and flaws that directly affect the stability of the operational and legal environment of the taxpayers and the tax administration.
4
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Nieuprawnione transakcje bankowe jako przejaw cyberprzestępczości

63%
Staszczyk M.
Finanse i Prawo Finansowe
|
2015
|
vol. 2
|
issue 1
43-56
EN
The development is intended to indicate to one of the key challenges that the banking industry is facing growing cases of bank frauds. Race for supremacy in a comfortable sales – on-line – it becomes an opportunity for criminals to fraud. This means that banks and other financial institutions have in front of you to manage the conflict between its client sales and maintaining its security so that the „convenience” did not become an opportunity for criminals. Hence it is important that the effectiveness of the management of this conflict was perceived by the market regulator.
PL
Opracowanie ma na celu wskazanie na jedno z kluczowych wyzwań, jakim jest funkcjonowanie sektora bankowego wobec rosnących przypadków fraudów bankowych. W artykule zanalizowano tą tematykę poprzez kilka podpunktów. W pierwszej kolejności zdefiniowano pojęcie fraudów, a także przedstawiono powiązaną z tym cyberprzestępczość. Następnie przytoczono kilka przykładów ataków na systemy bankowe i opisano ślady elektroniczne, które pozostawiają te ataki. Na zakończenie wskazano sposoby walki ze zjawiskiem fraudów bankowych.
5
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Dylematy terminologiczne wokół pojęcia nadużycia w przedsiębiorstwach

51%
Grzesiak L.
Finanse i Prawo Finansowe
|
2016
|
vol. 3
|
issue 3
21-34
EN
At the moment when an economic activity emerged, cheating and bending the rules for own benefits surfaced will of cheating and bending the rules for own benefits (lat. Pro bono sua). Hence this topic is not a novelty. The main aim of this paper is sorting put the terms and a presentation of my own division of frauds. This proposal was put forward within my Master Thesis. It was defended in 2015 in Finance and Accountancy of smes Chair UL. The tutor was A. Skoczylas-Tworek. A research method which was employed by me is a critical analysis of a current writing concerning the fraud topic.
PL
Z chwilą, gdy pojawiła się działalność gospodarcza, pojawiła się chęć oszukiwania i naginania rzeczywistości w imię własnej korzyści (łac. pro bono sua). Artykuł jest próbą uporządkowania panującego chaosu terminologicznego wokół pojęcia nadużyć (ang. fraud) w przedsiębiorstwach prywatnych poprzez traktowanie nadużyć jako pojęcia parasolowego. Sugestia ta została wysunięta w ramach pracy magisterskiej obronionej w 2015 roku w Katedrze Finansów i Rachunkowości MŚP UŁ. Promotorem była dr A. Skoczylas-Tworek. Zastosowana przeze mnie metoda badawcza to krytyczna analiza obecnego piśmiennictwa.
6

Moduły Compliance

51%
Soboń- Stasiak M.
Ekonomika i Organizacja Przedsiębiorstwa
|
2015
|
issue 7 (786)
83-91
PL
Artykuł zawiera opis poszczególnych modułów programu zgodności. Wyróżniając kodeks etyczny, wytyczne w zakresie zapobiegania korupcji, zasady dotyczące zgodności z przepisami antymonopolowymi, procedurę ochrony danych osobowych, politykę praw człowieka a także procedurę przeciwdziałania nadużyciom. Przedstawiona przez autorkę analiza jest wynikiem szeregu obserwacji i wieloletniego doświadczenia w dziedzinie compliance. Wskazuje na obszary jakie powinny się znaleźć w dobrym programie compliance. Tylko właściwie przygotowany system zgodności jest w stanie zapewnić jego prawidłowe funkcjonowanie w przedsiębiorstwie
EN
The article describes individual modules of the compliance programme, consisting of such components as the Code of Business Conduct, Anti-corruption Guidelines, Antitrust Compliance Guidelines, Personal Data Protection Procedure, Human Rights Policy as well as Anti-fraud Policy. The analysis presented by the author is the result of profound observations and many years of experience in the sphere of compliance. Elements of a good compliance programme are outlined. Proper preparation of the compliance system is identified as prerequisite for its correct functioning in the organization
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