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Allelopathic effect of goosefoot on germination and early stage growth of triticale and radish

100%
Lipniak K., Kliszcz A.
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Naturae
|
2020
110-128
EN
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aqueous extracts from Chenopodium album L. on germination and early stages of triticale grains (×Triticosecale Wittm. ex A.Camus) and radish seeds (Raphanus sativus L.). Germination indexes, fresh and dry mass, water content and electrolyte leakage were measured. Studies revealed the different germination capacity of triticale grains and radish seeds, where increased concentrations of allelopathins in aqueous C. album extracts significantly inhibited seedling growth for both species. The extracts had an inhibitory effect on the growth of seedling fresh mass. An increase in dry mass of radish seedlings was demonstrated for each of the extracts and, for triticale seedlings, only at concentrations of 0.5% and 1.5%. Water content in triticale and radish seedlings varied depending on the concentration of allelopathins in the extract. With increasing concentrations of C. album extract, regardless of seedling type, a statistically significant increase in electrolyte leakage was observed.
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The role of seed coat in the germination and early stages of growth of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the presence of chickweed (Stellaria media (L.) Vill.)

100%
Mazur A.
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Naturae
|
2019
103-118
EN
The aim of the study was to determine the role of the seed coat in the presence of aqueous extracts from Stellaria media (L.) Vill. on germination and early growth stages of bean seeds Phaseolus vulgaris L. Dry shoots of the chickweed aqueous extracts were prepared, with which the bean seeds with coat and without coat were treated. The control group was seeds watered only with distilled water. After 7 days of the experiment, seed germination parameters, seed germination rate (SE), seed vitality index (SVI), seedling growth inhibition index (IP), fresh and dry mass values and percentage water content were determined. The experiment showed the germination capacity of bean seeds was varied, in relation to seeds from the control. With increasing concentrations of extracts, a significant reduction in the seed germination rate was observed, both for those with seed coat and without seed coat. The seed vitality index increased only in seeds with coat, and decreased in each of the applied concentrations of extracts in seeds without seed coat. The seedling growth inhibition index reached negative values in both groups of seeds tested only at a concentration of 5%. In comparison to the control, IP was positive for seedlings watered with 15% extracts. For P. vulgaris seedlings grown on 5% of extracts the highest increase in the fresh mass was observed, in relation to the value of control mass. For seedlings grown from seeds with seed coat the diferences in the dry mass values primarily were noted. The percentage of water content in bean seedlings varied depending on the group of seeds studied and the concentration of allelopathic substances in the chickweed aqueous extracts. The examined indexes of seed germination and seedling growth showed that in the case of P. vulgaris seeds without seed coat. The role of seed coat in the germination and early stages of growth of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the presence of chickweed (Stellaria media (L.) Vill.) were more sensitive to aqueous extracts from dry shoots of S. media. Compared to the control group, in low concentrations of allelopathic substances the seeds germinated similarly to the distilled water, and at higher concentrations, the seeds germination, the seedlings growth and fresh and dry mass values were inhibited.
3
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Effect of Morus alba L. leaf extracts on seeds germination and the seedlings growth of Sinapis alba L. and Cucumis sativus L.

88%
Biel-Parzymięso J.
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Naturae
|
2020
96-109
PL
Wzrost i rozwój roślin jest modyfikowany, m.in. przez procesy chemiczne, wynikające z sąsiedztwa innych roślin. Jeśli oddziaływania w środowisku naturalnym jednej rośliny na drugą mają charakter rywalizacji chemicznej, to zjawisko określa się mianem allelopatii. Celem przeprowadzonych tu badań było określenie wpływu wodnych wyciągów z liści Morus alba L., o stężeniach 3%, 5% i 10%, na kiełkowanie i wzrost Sinapis alba L. oraz Cucumis sativus L. Okazało się, że zawarte w ekstraktach allelopatiny spowalniały kiełkowanie nasion obydwu gatunków. Najwyższe, 10% ekstrakty, wyraźnie ograniczały zdolność kiełkowania. Stwierdzono, że wraz ze wzrostem koncentracji allelopatin następowało istotne zahamowanie wzrostu organów podziemnych i nadziemnych badanych roślin. Całkowity brak wzrostu wykazano dla roślin gorczycy wyrosłych z nasion podlewanych wyciągami w czasie kiełkowania przez 48 h. W porównaniu z roślinami z kontroli, wykazano zróżnicowanie przyrostu świeżej i suchej masy u roślin podlewanych ekstraktami w fazach: kiełkowania oraz wzrostu. W zależności od czasu traktowania i od rodzaju badanego organu, wodne wyciągi z liści morwy w niższych stężeniach miały pozytywny wpływ na wzrost i rozwój analizowanych gatunków. Ekstrakty o większej koncentracji związków chemicznych wpływały negatywnie zarówno na gorczycę, jak i na ogórka.
EN
Plant growth and development can be modified, including modification by chemical processes that result from neighbouring plants. If interactions in the natural environment between one plant and another are of a chemical nature, then this phenomenon is called allelopathy. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of aqueous extracts of Morus alba L., at concentrations of 3%, 5% and 10%, on the germination and growth of Sinapis alba L. (mustard) and Cucumis sativus L. (cucumber). It was found that allelopathins contained in the extracts slowed the germination of both species. The highest, 10%, extracts significantly inhibited germination. It was found that with an increase in allelopathin concentration, there was a significant inhibition of the growth of underground and above-ground plant organs. A complete lack of growth was observed for mustard plants grown from seeds watered with extracts during germination for 48 hours. Compared to the control plants, a differences in the growth of fresh and dry mass in plants watered with extracts during the germination and growth phases were found. Depending on the timing of treatment and the type of organ tested, aqueous mulberry leaf extracts at lower concentrations had a positive effect on the growth and development of the analysed species. Extracts with a higher concentration of chemical compounds had a negative impact on both mustard and cucumber.
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