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Jesus’ Friends in John 15 and the Hellenistic Royal Court

100%
Rzepka J.
The Biblical Annals
|
2022
|
vol. 12
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issue 4
503-511
EN
The present contribution utilizes the reference to disciples as Jesus’ friends in Jesus’ Farewell Talk to the Apostles in John 15 as evidence of the contemporary understanding of the Hellenistic royal in essentially non-Greek circles of the Greco-Roman East. It also argues that this passage may help to explain the very nature of the Hellenistic royal friends (philoi) as compared to other possible types of relation to monarchs (servants – douloi, companions – hetairoi) in the earlier Hellenistic Age.
2

Analysis of Social Influences in the Transition of Czech Students Between Educational Levels and to the Labour Market

63%
Hlaďo P.
Acta Technologica Dubnicae
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2013
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vol. 3
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issue 1
25-38
EN
The paper deals with the transition of Czech students of lower secondary schools (ISCED 2A) and vocationally oriented upper secondary schools (ISCED 3A and 3C) between educational levels and to the labour market. The theoretical introduction describes the specifics of career decision making of Czech pupils and synthesizes some important empirical findings on social influences on this decision. The core lies in a survey designed by the National Institute of Education, School Counselling Centre and Centre for Further Education of Teachers. The instrument of data collection was questionnaires for students of final years of lower secondary and upper secondary schools. Data collection took place in 2011 at 40 lower secondary (n=779) and 20 vocationally oriented upper secondary schools (n=442). The paper compares the views of these groups of respondents on student’s autonomy in the choice of further education and occupation, and social influences on students’ career decision-making.
3
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The Social Marginalization of People Living with a Mentally Ill Label–Family, Friends, and Work

51%
Maloušková K., Fafejta M.
Qualitative Sociology Review
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2021
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vol. 17
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issue 3
76-89
EN
This paper is based on qualitative research among people diagnosed with a mental illness who voluntarily attend a mental health center. Such individuals are given a degrading “mentally ill” label, which transforms them into a “new” person. This study showed that-due to their label-research participants are often socially marginalized-not only in the public but also in the private sphere. As members of an “organized deviant group” (the mental health center), they follow a “deviant career” and find a job outside the regular job market. Their marginalization is not only caused by their health problems (by their impairment), but they are also disabled through social reactions to these problems. Psychiatry based on the biological model of the disease cannot, therefore, help them without the cooperation of social science approaches dealing with social marginalization.
4
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Przyjaciele, „synkowie” czy tylko podkomendni? Próba analizy więzi Józefa Piłsudskiego ze współpracownikami

51%
Piotrowski J.
Polish Biographical Studies
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2022
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issue 10
81-102
PL
Biografowie najczęściej koncentrują się na analizie losów konkretnej postaci. Zdecydowanie rzadziej analizują wybrany aspekt relacji międzyludzkich, bazując na metodzie egzemplifikacji zaczerpniętej z dostępnych źródeł historycznych. Na temat wypowiadali się wybitni socjolodzy, filozofowie oraz naukowcy uprawiający niekiedy psychologię historii. Szukamy odpowiedzi na pytanie: jaki był w istocie charakter więzi między bohaterem naszych rozważań i jego bezpośrednim otoczeniem? Jakie potrafimy wyróżnić cechy charakterystyczne tych relacji i co je determinowało w różnych okresach jego działalności? Na podstawie pozostawionych licznych wspomnień możemy odtworzyć ewolucję relacji Józefa Piłsudskiego z najbliższym otoczeniem. Analizujemy jego atuty w rywalizacji o stanowisko lidera oraz cechy charakteru, a nawet powierzchowność. Wskazujemy na czynniki obiektywne (sukcesy wojenne), które ułatwiły mu sięgnięcie po rządy autorytarne w Polsce. Odpowiadamy na pytanie: kim byli ludzie uznający jego autorytet? Co ich łączyło? Jak również na pytanie: kto potrafił się oprzeć jego wpływom? Wskazano na silne w tym kręgu poczucie misji dziejowej w postaci odbudowy państwa wywodzącej się ze wspólnych wartości ukształtowanych przez kulturę narodową. Warto też zauważyć, że bez względu na opisane zmienne formy tych relacji – niemal zawsze – miały one charakter więzi stricte władczej – między liderem i wykonawczymi jego zleceń. Czynników je kształtujących było wiele, ale najważniejszym była niewątpliwie silna wola twórcy całego środowiska. Konsekwentnie przez lata budował relacje oparte na własnym autorytecie i na tym polu odniósł sukces, który nadal rezonuje wśród jego rodaków.
EN
Biographers usually focus on the analysis of a person’s life fortunes. According to recognised sociologists, philosophers and scientists – experts on history psychology, rarely do they analyse a selected aspect of interpersonal relations based on available historical resources. What was the essence of the bond between Piłsudski and his close companions? What was characteristic for those relations and what were their determining aspects in various periods of Piłsudski’s activity? Those are the questions that are being answered in this article. The author undertakes to reconstruct the evolution of relations between Józef Piłsudski and his companions based on numerous memoirs by his associates. His assets in competition for the leadership position, his features of character and even physical appearance are being analyzed. Objective factors, like war success, which helped him reach for authoritarian rules in Poland are pointed out. Some important questions are being answered: Who were the people that recognized his authority? Who was able to oppose him? A strong sense of historic mission to rebuild the country within Piłsudski’s circle, originating from common values shaped by national culture, has been pointed out. It is characteristic that despite the changes Piłsudski’s relations underwent, they consistently preserved the commanding character between the leader and his agents. These were formed by numerous factors, but undoubtedly the strong will of Piłsudski remained crucial. He was extremely successful in consistent building relations based on his own authority, which still resonates among his countrymen.
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