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Elementy logiki w polskiej szkole matematycznej. Wkład Stanisława Leśniewskiego

100%
Obojska L.
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
|
2013
|
issue 53
165-197
PL
In the presented paper we would like to focus on the scientific activity of the one of the members of the Warsaw School of Logic. It is supposed that the world famous formalisms of Polish logicians were mainly stimulated by Stanisław Leśniewski. If this is true, Leśniewski can be considered as the main ideologist of Warsaw School. The first part of this paper is dedicated to a very brief presentation of the history of Polish logic in the period 1910-1939. Next, we present the main ideas of the Warsaw School of Logic and in particular the contribution of Stanisław Leśniewski: his original system of three theories: protothetics, ontology and mereology and their novelty in comparison with classical thought. Finally, we try to show the influence of Leśniewski’s innovative ideas on other members of the school.
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Creating new concepts in mathematics: freedom and limitations. The case of Category Theory

75%
Semadeni Z.
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
|
2020
|
issue 69
33-65
EN
In the paper we discuss the problem of limitations of freedom in mathematics and search for criteria which would differentiate the new concepts stemming from the historical ones from the new concepts that have opened unexpected ways of thinking and reasoning. We also investigate the emergence of category theory (CT) and its origins. In particular we explore the origins of the term functor and present the strong evidence that Eilenberg and Carnap could have learned the term from Kotarbiński and Tarski.
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