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THE EUROPEAN UNION REGULATIONS IN THE NATURAL GAS MARKET

100%

Grzebiela K.

Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka – Refleksje

2017

vol. 25(25)

46-69

1. Objective The objective of this article is to present EU legislation in relation to natural gas. For this purpose, the author shows the legal aspects of the issue of European Union energy policy in the field of natural gas with a detailed discussion of each of the acts. Beginning with the Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community, the author presents the legal regulations relating to the natural gas market introduced in individual treaties. Close attention is devoted to discussing the impact of art. 194 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union on energy policy of the Union. The next part focused on showing the development of the internal market in natural gas as a result adopted the First and the Second Energy Package. A separate section was devoted to the characteristics of the sources of law regulating the natural gas market and included in the Third Energy Package. 2. Introduction In the process of creating a competitive and liberal gas market, the European Union obligation for Member States to take appropriate measures, including legislation, aimed at the integration of the European energy policies and the creation of a common energy union. European integration began with the adoption of EU treaties, through fundamental EU secondary legislation. Legislation should harmonize energy policies of the Member States. The European Union should take into consideration the level of economic development of each Member State. The new regulations should be implemented at a moderate pace, taking into account the stages of development of individual economies. The legislature treats the EU as a priority the creation of a fully competitive and liberal gas market. 3. Methodology In this work the author used the descriptive methodology, focusing on the discussion of legal regulations in the natural gas market. In this paper as a basic knowledge used binding and non-binding of EU law relating to the natural gas market. Descriptive method was the most frequently used in this paper with the analytical method. The last was used in the work in order to analyze the processes taking place in EU legislation over the years. The author presents the transformation of legal regulations in the natural gas introduced from the year 1951 to the current. Analysis of EU regulations allows us to see the emergence of new concepts related to the issue of energy security. 4. Conclusions Proposal presented in the work shows that regulations in the gas sector have a definite influence on the development of and transformation of the natural gas market of the Member States. The European Union has a number of legal acts regulates the most important issues related to the sector of natural gas, including in the energy security of the Member States. The importance of energy resources, especially natural gas, and material is not to be underestimated. Energy fuels are the guarantor of the independence of the country from external factors. Natural gas is the fuel constantly gaining in importance.

Studium przypadku OPAL: wybrane aspekty decyzji zwalniającej infrastrukturę ze stosowania zasad trzeciego pakietu energetycznego, na przykładzie gazociągu OPAL

84%

Faszcza J.

Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne studia nad prawem

2017

vol. 9

issue 4

56-77

The subject of this article is an analysis of the decision exempting the OPAL gas pipeline from the application of the Gas directive. For the purpose of better introduction of the subject of this article, first are described historical aspects in the context of the procedural issues associated with the decision. Nevertheless, the main part of the article deals with a detailed analysis of the selected criteria referred to in article of 36 Gas Directive. According to the aforementioned provision, significant new gas infrastructure, i.e. interconnections, LNG facilities and storage facilities, may be exempted for a definite period of time from the provisions of the Gas directive. Selected criteria from article 36 of the Gas directive are: (i) enhancement of competition in gas supply; (ii) the exemption must not be detrimental to competition or the effective functioning of the internal market in natural gas, or the efficient functioning of the regulated system to which the infrastructure is connected; (iii) enhancement of security of supply; and (iv) the level of risk attached to the investment must be such that the investment would not take place unless an exemption was granted. The analysis is made in the context of the previous decisions taken by the European Commission regarding exemption of the infrastructure from article 36 of gas directive.

Przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu jest próba weryfikacji wybranych elementów decyzji zwalniającej gazociąg OPAL ze stosowania zasad Dyrektywy gazowej. W tym celu przedstawione zostały uwarunkowania historyczne w kontekście problemów proceduralnych związanych z decyzją zwalniającą gazociąg OPAL. Niemniej jednak główna część artykułu dotyczy szczegółowej analizy wybranych kryteriów, o których mowa w art. 36 Dyrektywy gazowej. Zgodnie z wyżej wymienionym przepisem zwolnieniu może podlegać istotna nowa infrastruktura gazowa, tj. połączenia wzajemne, instalacje LNG i instalacje magazynowe, na wniosek mogą zostać zwolnione na czas określony ze stosowania przepisów Dyrektywy gazowej. Wybrane kryteria z art. 36 Dyrektywy gazowej, o których mowa to: (i) zwiększenie konkurencji w dostawach gazu; (ii) brak szkodliwego wpływu zwolnienia na konkurencję i skuteczne funkcjonowanie rynku wewnętrznego gazu ziemnego lub na skuteczne funkcjonowanie systemu podlegającego regulacji, do którego podłączona jest dana infrastruktura; (iii) zwiększanie bezpieczeństwa dostaw gazu; oraz (iv) poziom ryzyka związanego z inwestycją musi być taki, że inwestycja nie miałaby miejsca bez udzielenia zwolnienia. Analiza jest dokonywana w kontekście dotychczasowych decyzji wydanych przez Komisję Europejską.

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1 Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne studia nad prawem

1 Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka – Refleksje

1 Faszcza J.

1 Grzebiela K.

1 2018

1 2017

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THE EUROPEAN UNION REGULATIONS IN THE NATURAL GAS MARKET

Studium przypadku OPAL: wybrane aspekty decyzji zwalniającej infrastrukturę ze stosowania zasad trzeciego pakietu energetycznego, na przykładzie gazociągu OPAL