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Expression of EpCAM protein in gastric cancer cells may contribute to its histogenesis

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Nizioł M., Kuczyńska P., Misiura M., Zińczuk J., Zaręba K., Ustymowicz W., Ćwiklińska-Dworakowska M., Baszun M., Jelski S., Guzińska-Ustymowicz K., Pryczynicz A.
Progress in Health Sciences
|
2018
|
vol. 8(1)
74-79
EN
Introduction: EpCAM protein belongs to adhesion molecules of epithelial cells. It mediates in the homophile adhesion cell-cell reactions. EpCAM protein expression can be observed in the majority of healthy normal cells. However, mutations in EpCAM gene may lead to an increased risk of cancer development. The aim of the study was to assess EpCAM protein expression in the correlation with chosen clinical and histological parameters in gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: EpCAM protein expression was evaluated immunohistochemically in 88 patients diagnosed with gastric cancer. Results: An increase in EpCAM protein expression was demonstrated in cancer cells compared to normal gastric mucosa (59.3% cancers with the positive expression of EpCAM protein). The increased EpCAM protein expression was observed in patients with a histological type of adenocarcinoma without a mucinous component than in those with adenocarcinoma with a mucinous component (p=0.028). The higher expression of this protein was observed also in the intestinal type according to the Lauren classification (p=0.037). The expression of the protein was lower in the diffuse type of cancer. Additionally, an increase in EpCAM protein expression was revealed in cancers infiltrating to the blood vessels (p=0.013). Conclusions: A correlation between EpCAM expression and adenocarcinoma without a mucinous component as well as the intestinal type according to the Lauren classification may prove a role of this protein in the histogenesis of gastric cancer. Moreover, its positive expression is related to cancerous cells infiltrating to the blood vessels, which may suggest a role of EpCAM protein in the early stages of gastric cancer metastases.
2
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Hiatus hernia – Late complication after gastrectomy followed by double tract reconstruction (DTR): a case report

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Bandurski R., Gryko M., Dawidziuk T., Zaręba K., Cepowicz D., Kędra B.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2014
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vol. 4
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issue 1
265-268
XX
In patients with dyspeptic symptoms who have been treated for gastric cancer, other medical conditions apart from cancer recurrence should be considered. A long small-bowel loop left after esophagogastric anastomosis, flaccid diaphragmatic crura, and several external factors such as hard physical exertion can promote the development of postoperative hiatus hernia. The authors of this paper present a rare case of hiatus hernia considered a late complication of primary surgery performed due to gastric cancer. The 63-year-old patient had undergone total gastrectomy with double tract reconstruction (DTR) six years earlier. Gastrectomy was performed with extended lymphadenectomy (>D2). Histopathologic examination of tumor specimens showed mucinous adenocarcinoma with no lymph node metastasis and no distant metastases (pathologic staging: pT2, pN0, pM0). After six years, the patient was admitted to the 2nd Department of General and Gastroenterologic Surgery with abdominal pains, malaise, weight loss and feeling of fullness after small meals. Diagnostic procedures performed showed the presence of hiatus hernia, a very rare complication after this particular surgery, with no features of cancer recurrence. The patient was underwent surgery and the hernia was successfully repaired.
3
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Comparison of expression of selected proteins in the cells of intestinal and diffuse type gastric cancer – immunohistochemical analysis

88%
Gryko M., Prycznicz A., Dawidziuk T., Zińczuk J., Cepowicz D., Kamocki Z., Kedra B., Guzińska-Ustymowicz K.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2014
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vol. 4
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issue 1
158-164
XX
Introduction: Despite the progress in gaining knowledge about carcinogenesis, it is still unclear what processes are directly responsible for the differentiation of gastric cancer into its intestinal or diffuse form. Dividing of these two forms is based on one of the oldest, yet still commonly used classifications – the classification of Lauren. There are many factors that may influence the formation of gastric tumors of various aggressiveness. Purpose: To evaluate the expression of proteins: fragile histidine triad (FHIT), E-cadherin, α-catenin, γ-catenin, cathepsin B, epidermal growth factor (EGF), HER-2, MMP-9, MCM-2, Bak, Bax, BID, Bcl-XL, p53, FasL, Bcl-2, caspase-8, procaspase-3 in gastric cancer cells, depending on the type of tumor by Lauren classification. Materials and methods: Study group consisted of 91 patients treated surgically for gastric cancer in the Second Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok in years between 2000 and 2006. Results: It is shown, that the expression of E-cadherin was significantly higher in the Lauren I gastric cancer cells than in Lauren II. In case of caspase-8 there has been significantly less frequent expression of this protein in Lauren I gastric cancer cells compared to Lauren II. The authors describe no statistically significant differences in the expression of other proteins taken into consideration. Conclusions: These results suggest the role of adhesion and apoptosis-related proteins in the development of two different types of gastric cancer according to Lauren’s classification.
4
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Niewielkie, a znaczące – rola mikroRNA w powstawaniu, detekcji oraz leczeniu nowotworów na przykładzie nowotworu żołądka

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Jennifer Mytych J.
Medical Review
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2012
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issue 3
366–372
PL
W dobie intensywnego rozwoju chorób cywilizacyjnych, m.in. nowotworów żołądka, niezbędne jest zaprojektowanie markerów, które umożliwią wczesne ich wykrycie, pozwolą na szybkie podjęcie leczenia oraz zapobiegną zwiększeniu liczby zgonów. Taką potencjalną możliwością są mikroRNA, czyli krótkie cząsteczki RNA modulujące aktywność ściśle określonych fragmentów RNA i odgrywające szczególną rolę w wielu procesach fijologicznych i patologicznych. Wpływając na proliferację, cykl komórkowy oraz apoptozę komórek nowotworowych odgrywają znaczącą rolę również w nowotworzeniu. Wykrywalne w osoczu odstępstwa od ich normalnego poziomu, związane z każdym z etapów rozwojowych nowotworu mogą czynić je skutecznymi i nieinwazyjnymi biomarkerami, pozwalającymi nie tylko na detekcję i rozpoznawanie nowotworów, ale także na ich predykcję. Dalsze poznanie ich funkcji i właściwości może owocować odkryciem skutecznych leków do walki z nowotworami.
EN
In the era of intensive development of lifestyle diseases such as stomach cancer, it is crucial to design markers that enable their early detection, allow rapid introduction of treatment and prevent the increase in the number of deceases. Potential possibility is microRNAs, short RNA molecules which modulate the activity of specifi fragments of RNA and play an important role in many physiological and pathological processes. Affcting cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of cancer cells also play a significant role in neoplasia. Detectable levels of derogation from the regular level associated with each of the stages of tumor development may make them effctive and non-invasive biomarkers, allowing not only for early detection and identifiation of cancer’s type, but also on their prediction. Further understanding of their functions and properties can result in the discovery of effctive methods of cancer treatment.
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