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The ‘Kindred Circle’ of Village Mayors in the Habsburg Monarchy and the Example of Cieszyn Silesia, 1864–1918

100%

Morys-Twarowski M.

Acta Poloniae Historica

2020

vol. 121

In Cieszyn Silesia (the eastern part of the crownland of Austrian Silesia) from the time local government was introduced in 1864 until 1918 it is possible to identify 1332 village mayors (German: Gemeindevorsteher; Polish: wójt; Czech: starosta). Of these, at least 1006 (almost 76 per cent) had another village mayor in Cieszyn Silesia in their ‘kindred circle’, which includes second-degree relatives according to canonical computation, as well as witnesses at weddings and baptisms of their closest family (children, parents, siblings). The uninterrupted lineage of these types of relationships connected at least 875 village mayors, or 66 per cent of all those known. Thus the partial democratisation at the level of local self-government led to a kind of oligarchy, with the position of the village head being assumed by wealthy peasant families who all had connections to one another. Outside of the ‘kindred circle’, there were the factory owners and officials of archdukes and counts, who took the position of village mayor in industrialised areas, as well as a few Jewish village mayors and probably the majority of village mayors from the mountain villages. The question examined here is whether the situation looked similar in other parts of the Habsburg monarchy, or whether Cieszyn Silesia stood out in this respect. This question remains unanswered due to the lack of analogous studies on village mayors.

Czy badania pamięci rodziny mogą rozświetlić mroki genealogii? Nowe spojrzenie na pochodzenie książąt Czartoryskich

58%

Rogulski J.

Studia Źródłoznawcze. Commentationes

2023

vol. 61

59-78

The article deals with the question of the origin of the Princes Czartoryski. This problem has long been discussed in historiography, yet it still cannot be regarded as resolved. In response to the recent studies denying the Algirdas (Olgierd) roots of the Czartoryskis, the author proposes a new look at the family lineage, attempting to illuminate the problem of the Czartoryskis’ origin based on a critical examination of beliefs functioning in the memory and tradition of the family in the Old-Polish period. The analysis, scrutinising in retrogressive order the Czartoryski family tradition of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the collective memory of the family in the sixteenth century, and finally, the message of a 1442 document by King Władysław III Jagiellon, which is critical to the issue under examination, provides arguments supporting the Algirdas lineage of the princes.

Artykuł poświęcony jest kwestii pochodzenia książąt Czartoryskich. Problem ten jest od dawna przedmiotem dyskusji w historiografii, mimo to wciąż nie może zostać uznany za rozstrzygnięty. Wobec ostatnich prac negujących Olgierdowe korzenie Czartoryskich, Autor proponuje nowe spojrzenie na rodowód rodziny, próbując rozświetlić problem jej pochodzenia na podstawie krytycznego rozbioru przekonań funkcjonujących w pamięci i tradycji familii w epoce staropolskiej. Przeprowadzona w tekście analiza, rozpatrująca w porządku retrogresywnym tradycję rodzinną Czartoryskich XVII i XVIII w., pamięć zbiorową familii w XVI w. i wreszcie przekaz kluczowego dla badanej kwestii dokumentu Władysława III Jagiellończyka z 1442 r. dostarczają argumentów potwierdzających Olgierdowy rodowód książąt.

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1 Acta Poloniae Historica

1 Studia Źródłoznawcze. Commentationes

1 Morys-Twarowski M.

1 Rogulski J.

1 2023

1 2020

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The ‘Kindred Circle’ of Village Mayors in the Habsburg Monarchy and the Example of Cieszyn Silesia, 1864–1918

Czy badania pamięci rodziny mogą rozświetlić mroki genealogii? Nowe spojrzenie na pochodzenie książąt Czartoryskich