A significant milestone came with Jiří Křesťan's 2013 biography of Zdeněk Nejedlý (1878-1962) - historian, musicologist, and politician - which catalysed a wave of biographies focused on communist actors, mainly intellectuals and often reformist communists from the 1960s, whom some of the historical community is trying to approach in a more empathetic way, attempting to grasp the motives behind their actions and to understand the complexities of life under state socialism. Since then, Czech biographical writing has increasingly drawn, somewhat selectively, on Western influences. These include an interest in the "second lives" of historical figures, the use of oral history and life writing that blend personal testimony with archival research, and a tentative dialogue with social science theories, albeit in a rather declarative form. Authors have also increasingly turned their attention to personalities of the communist movement with ambiguous identities and complex trajectories, moving beyond black-and-white categories of good and evil.
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