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EN
By the 12th century, northern territories were fairly well known in practice, but there was an urgent need to explain the state of this region in written form. In most national narratives, there is an evident tendency to emphasise the similarity of local history with a more significant and more authoritative (Roman or sacred) history (Mortensen 2005). This paper deals with a very specific geographical image-“Europe, or Eneá”-that appears on two “textual maps” by an Icelandic historian of the 13th century, Snorri Sturluson, in his Edda, an Icelandic ars poetica (c. 1220), and in his large compendium of the kings' sagas entitled Heimskringla (c. 1230). The author demonstrates that the toponym Eneá, going back to the ancient hero Aeneas, was formed by Snorri himself as a result of his immersion in the local Icelandic culture and literature, where the Troy story had, by that time, occupied a significant place.
PL
Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja szczególnie doniosłych dla społeczeństwa polskiego obrazów geograficznych i związanych z nimi wyobrażeń geopolitycznych, wskazanie na ich źródła, dynamikę i sposób wykorzystania przez elity polityczne w zależności od zmieniającego się kontekstu zewnętrznego i wewnętrznego. Ukazanie dynamiki geopolitycznych wyobrażeń funkcjonujących w ramach społeczeństwa polskiego, tj. idei zachodniej (piastowskiej) i idei jagiellońskiej, oraz analiza sposobów ich wykorzystywania w celu legitymizowania określonej polityki wewnętrznej i zewnętrznej stanowi studium przypadku, ukazującym złożoność procesów legitymizacji działań politycznych, a jednocześnie ma wzbogacić wiedzę o dynamice obrazów geopolitycznych występujących w ramach polskiego społeczeństwa i wykorzystywanych przez elity polityczne dla realizacji celów grupowych.
EN
The aim of the article is to identify geographic and geopolitical images that are particularly important to the Polish society (i.e. The Jagiellonian idea and the Western idea), to indicate their sources, dynamics and use by political elites depending on the changing external and internal context. The presentation of the dynamics of geopolitical ideas functioning within the Polish society and the analysis of ways to use them to legitimize a specific internal and external policy is a case study showing the complexity of legitimization processes, and at the same time is to enrich knowledge about the dynamics of geopolitical images occurring within Polish society and used by political elites for achieving their goals.
EN
The expansion of frontier scientific fields, such as geopolitics and political geography, put in front of contemporary geographical researches the task of new methods development and methodological base growth. Nothing has generated more controversy in social science than the turn toward culture variously known as the linguistic turn, culturalism or postmodernism. The main purpose of this article is to examine the impact of the “cultural” or “postmodern” turn in political geography and geopolitics. The purpose of this article is to introduce to the main concepts and research themes in contemporary geopolitics.
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