Search results

1

The Language of Papal Gift-Giving in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries: An Example of Soft Power?

100%

Chauvin M.

Legatio: The Journal for Renaissance and Early Modern Diplomatic Studies

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2020

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issue 4

PL

In the seventeenth century, the practice of handing diplomatic gifts was on the rise among European sovereigns. A certain number of treatises intended for ambassadors specifically refer to this practice. These gifts, brought by the nuncios, his ambassadors, were selected, not only by the pope, but also by great figures in the papal court, like cardinals’ nephews or relatives. They were able to recognize which works would be the most appreciated by the Stuart King, the emperor or the kings of France or Spain. The letters sent by the nuncios or the newspapers which tackle events that had occurred in foreign courts constitute precious sources to identify and review such presents. Moreover, papal gifts were dual. The Supreme Pontiff was a religious sovereign and, as such, he offered reliquaries, blessed swaddling clothes and Golden Roses which were holy objects able to sustain Catholicism and maintain the faith. If these types of offerings were conventional, the pope also sent secular objects such as paintings, which represented profane themes, antique statues and small galanteries such as fans, gloves and perfumes, which is more surprising. As a matter of fact, the pope played a political role as a peacemaker between the other great European powers and defenders of the territories over which he had full jurisdiction: the Supreme Pontiff exercised both spiritual and temporal power. This dual nature can be seen in the different objects given. How did presents become instruments of power which served the pope’s interests? How did gift-giving rituals help him persuade the other sovereigns to follow his will and to maintain him as the greatest sovereign in Western Europe?

2

FRIEDRICH FROEBEL’S PEDAGOGICAL CONCEPT WITHIN POLISH PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION – THE REVIVAL OF 19TH CENTURY THOUGHT IN MODERN INSTITUTIONAL UPBRINGING OF CHILDREN

100%

ROSZAK M.

Society Register

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2018

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vol. 2

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issue 2

149-162

EN

The article presents the profile of Friedrich Wilhelm August Froebel (1782-1852), the basic postulates of his philosophy and pedagogy. It describes the origin of kindergartens, which became the bedrock of young child education spreading across the world, and the birth of the institution of kindergarten. Froebel’s thought reached many countries, among others Great Britain, USA and Poland, thanks to its popularizers. The first Polish kindergarten was set up thanks to Teresa Mleczkowa. However, it was Maria Weryho-Radziwiłowiczowa (1858-1944), who contributed the most to the popularization of Froebel’s pedagogy. Together with J. Strzemeska, she developed the methodology of working with young children on the basis of Froebel’s concept. She adjusted Froebel’s pedagogy to Polish conditions by rejecting some of its elements and adding some new ones. Unfortunately, the 20th century in Polish pedagogy was a moment, when F. Froebel was forgotten. The situation was very different in the international arena: there were institutions arising in the world, which through publications and research spread the views of the German pedagogue. Modern Polish popularizers of Froebel (among others Barbara Bilewicz-Kuźnia, Froebel.pl association) undertook to interpret the thought of F. Froebel and with a new curriculum proposal for preschool education The Gift of Play they are trying to revive Froebel’s pedagogy by adjusting it to the modern conditions. As a result of their actions, more and more kindergartens are transformed into Froebel preschools. However, they are still considered pedagogical alternatives.

3

An attempt to define the charismata in the main Christian traditions

100%

Ştefănică D.

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2015

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vol. 7

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issue 2

230-242

EN

The aim of the present article is to analyse the way in which the main Christian traditions define the charismata, or the gifts of the Holy Spirit. As we shall see, the definitions provided by the Catholic, the Eastern Orthodox or the Reformed Theologies are very broad, while in Pentecostal theology charismata have a rather technical meaning. Finally, we will observe that a good clarification of the concepts in question could help the development of the interfaith theological dialogue, from the pneumatological point of view.

4

Dziecięce zabawki świąteczne w świetle wybranych źródeł ikonograficznych 2. połowy XIX i początku XX wieku

87%

Kabacińska-Łuczak K., Nawrot-Borowska M.

Studia Edukacyjne

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2017

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issue 46

89-112

EN

The aim of this study is the reconstruction of children’s toys received by them during the Christmas period in the second half of the 19th and at the beginning of the 20th century. In its subject matter, the article refers, on the one hand, to the deliberations about Christmas toys and, on the other hand, it is part of the ever-growing trend of research on children’s toys from the historical and pedagogical perspective. The text is part of the triptych prepared by the authors on the subject of children’s Christmas toys during the period of Partitions of Poland. Selected iconographic sources – press graphics, Christmas postcards and photographs on which children’s toys can be found, comprise the source basis of this part. They are sources important for cognitive reasons, because they show the image of toys of the time, their appearance, shape, size, the way they were made, decorated, etc. They also indicate which toys were particularly popular (fashionable) and liked by children in the analysed period, and show the ways they were used.

5

Displaying the Prince’s Identity: Textile Accessories and Fineries in Seventeenth-Century Diplomatic Gift-Giving

84%

Rivière C.

Legatio: The Journal for Renaissance and Early Modern Diplomatic Studies

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2020

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issue 4

PL

The language of gifts is plural and part of age-old strategies of soft power, i.e. the indirect representation of and negotiation between sovereigns. Studies by Christian Windler, Harriet Rudolph and Gregor M. Metzig underlined the significance of material culture in diplomacy and its importance for starting economic and cultural exchanges and transfers. This article offers to observe both the official and the parallel gift-exchanges in various diplomatic contexts. It analyses the Spanish mission of the Duke of Grammont in 1659 and the importance given to gloves, lozenges and perfumes before showing how gift-giving is in turn gender-neutral and genderoriented with a close analysis of gifts given outside official diplomatic events and aimed particularly at women. A closer study of the material environment of the widely discussed 1623 negotiations of the Spanish Match between Spain and England will show what the material language meant in the case of a doomed negotiation. The structure of exchanges may not change a lot, but the meaning of a gift and how it was received varies according to the territory, time, the stakeholders’ identity, and the political situation. This means that the study of material details – textiles, cuts, patterns, decorations, qualities, values – or the process of exchanges alone does not suffice to understand the meaning(s) princes gave such gifts. They need to be contextualised geographically, historically, economically, sociologically, and strategically. Such need is made particularly in the final case studies of the article dedicated to the role of portrait medallions and finery in seventeenth and eighteenth centuries French and Spanish diplomacy.

6

I frutti dello Spirito Santo - il commento di san Tommaso d'Aquino ai Gal 5,22ss

71%

Dąbrowski W.

Poznańskie Studia Teologiczne

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2015

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issue 29

55-89

EN

In the presentation of the subject – preceded by an Introduction, where the Aquinas is presented as Bible’s Commentator – the author examines the saint Thomas’ interpretations of saint Paul’s texts regarding the theme of this research, confronted with the contemporary exegesis, and presents three points: 1 – The vices (Gal 5,19-21); 2 – The fruits of the Holy Spirit (Gal 5,22-23a); 3 – Against such there is no Law (Gal 5,23b; whit the interpretation of Gal 5,24-25). All this permits to the author to conclude that the doctrine of the fruits of the Holy Spirit presented by Saint Thomas in this Commentary is very clear, rich and remains valid and topical and permits to remain in the faith, morality and spirituality of the Church.

7

Praca z dzieckiem zdolnym w przedszkolu

67%

Surma B.

Edukacja Elementarna w Teorii i Praktyce

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2014

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issue 2(32)

11-22

PL

Praca z dzieckiem zdolnym w przedszkolu polega przede wszystkim na rozpoznawaniu jego zainteresowań, potrzeb i możliwości. Podstawą diagnozy dziecka zdolnego jest przyjęcie określonej definicji i koncepcji zdolności. Najczęściej przyjmuje się koncepcję zdolności ogólnej, która podkreśla, że osoba zdolna charakteryzuje się wysokim ilorazem inteligencji, twórczą postawą i silną motywacją do uczenia się. W przypadku dziecka w wieku przedszkolnym w większości programów i planów wychowawczych realizuje się wspieranie potencjału twórczego dzieci. Oprócz koncepcji zdolności ogólnej wyróżnia się drugą, która uwzględnienia zdolności specyficzne, kierunkowe. Najbardziej znaną i stosowaną przez pedagogów jest koncepcja inteligencji wielorakiej Howarda Gardnera. Zarówno teoretyczne założenia tej koncepcji, jak i diagnostyczne narzędzia pomagają w planowaniu zajęć ukierunkowanych na różne aktywności. Świadomość zróżnicowania rozwoju dzieci i ich możliwości nadaje nowy wymiar rozumienia celu edukacji jakim jest wszechstronny rozwój dzieci. W Polsce w ostatnich latach podjęto kilka inicjatyw ukierunkowanych na pracę z dzieckiem zdolnym, doskonalenie nauczycieli w tym zakresie, uświadamianie nauczycieli i rodziców o potrzebie jak najwcześniejszego wspierania rozwoju dziecka i jego uzdolnień, zainteresowań. Wśród nauczycieli wychowania przedszkolnego stopniowo wzrasta świadomość potrzeby wspierania indywidualnych potrzeb i zdolności dzieci. Istnieje coraz więcej placówek wprowadzających programy wspierania uzdolnień dzieci i starających się o uzyskanie odpowiednich certyfikatów. Jednakże problem dzieci szczególnie uzdolnionych jest specyficzny i dotyka wielu aspektów, które należy brać pod uwagę w pracy wychowawczo-dydaktycznej.

EN

Working with gifted children at kindergarten level is primarily a matter of identifying their interests, needs and abilities. The basis for diagnosing the gifted child is the adoption of a specific definition, and thus conception, of ability. A popular and widely accepted general conception of ability emphasizes that a gifted person is characterized by a high IQ, a creative attitude and a strong motivation to learn. In the case of children of preschool age, in most educational programs and plans one tries to support their creative potential. Apart from the general notion of ability, there is another conception – one which takes account of specific and directional abilities. The version of this that is most familiar to and used by educators is Howard Gardner’s notion of multiple intelligences. Both the theoretical assumptions involved in this, and its diagnostic tools, can be of help when planning involvements in different activities. Awareness of diversity in respect of children’s ability and development can add a further dimension to our understanding of education, supplementing that associated with universal features of their development. In Poland in recent years there have been several initiatives as regards working with gifted children, aimed at training teachers in this area and raising teachers’ and parents’ awareness of the need for early support of the development of the child and his or her talents and interests. Among preschool teachers, awareness is gradually increasing of the need to support the individual needs and abilities of children. More and more institutions are introducing programs to promote the talents of children and trying to obtain the relevant certification. However, the problem of gifted and talented children is specific and affects many aspects, all of which must be taken into account in any educationally oriented teaching activities.

8

Bird-shaped hanging bowl escutcheon from the Slavic fortress-settlement complex at Friedrichsruhe

67%

Messal S.

Materiały Zachodniopomorskie

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2021

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vol. 17

415-434

PL

W trakcie wykopalisk na terenie słowiańskiego zespołu osadniczo-grodowego we Friedrichsruhe (Lkr. Parchim, Meklemburgia-Pomorze Przednie) odkryto kilka zabytków wskazujących na obecność lokalnych elit słowiańskich. Pośród nich znajdowało się okucie misy do zawieszania z uszkiem w kształcie ptaka pochodzące z Wysp Brytyjskich (Irlandia, Anglia, Szkocja, Orkady). Jest to pierwsze tego rodzaju znalezisko występujące na obszarze Słowiańszczyzny, skłaniające do postawienia pytań o znaczenie zabytku w jego kontekście kulturowym oraz sposób rozprzestrzeniania się na obszarze wpływów Słowian.

EN

During the excavations within the fortress-settlement complex at Friedrichsruhe (Lkr. Parchim, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) several artefacts that have been found are indicating the presence of a local Slavic elite. Among these objects is a bronze bird-shaped escutcheon of a hanging bowl which comes from the British Isles (Ireland, England, Scotland, Orkney Isles). This find is the first such object from the area of Slavic settlement, shifting into focus questions as to the object’s significance within its cultural environment and the form of its distribution into the Slavic sphere.

9

Odmłodzenie communio Kościoła przez dary Ducha

67%

Miczyński J. K.

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2018

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vol. 65

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issue 5: Teologia duchowości

23-36

EN

The Holy Spirit, by giving believers many gifts, contributes to rejuvenation of the Church community. What is the essence of rejuvenation of the Church communion and what are its dimensions? The fruit of the Holy Spirit's action is a deep relationship with God and people − that is, love, expressing itself in all kinds of virtues − and ever deeper participation in the evangelical mission of Christ. The Holy Spirit makes the Church more Trinitarian, more evangelical, more Eucharistic, more ecumenical and more eschatological.

PL

Duch Święty, udzielając wierzącym wielorakich darów, przyczynia się do odmłodzenia wspólnoty Kościoła. Co stanowi istotę odmłodzenia communio Kościoła i jakie posiada wymiary? Owocem działania Ducha Świętego jest głęboka więź z Bogiem i ludźmi – to znaczy miłość, wyrażająca się we wszelkich rodzajach cnót – a także coraz głębsze uczestniczenie w ewangelicznej misji Chrystusa. Duch Święty czyni Kościół bardziej trynitarnym, bardziej ewangelicznym, bardziej eucharystycznym, bardziej ekumenicznym oraz bardziej eschatologicznym.

10

Ze Szwecji do Polski. Dary Henryka Bukowskiego w bibliotekach krakowskich

59%

Lemanaitė G.

Z Badań nad Książką i Księgozbiorami Historycznymi

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2018

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vol. 12

167-190

EN

One of the participants of the 1863 uprising, Henryk Bukowski, who later emigrated and settled down in Sweden, was well-known not only to the Polish expatriate community as a great antiquarian. H. Bukowski is also famous for his great work for the foundation, patronizing and donating the Polish National Museum in Rapperswil, which was not his sole activity. Being a great bibliophile, on every possible occasion he presented many valuable books to different libraries and other institutions in exile and in the country as well. It is known that in the years 1887-1890 The Academy of Science in Cracow received a collection of approximately six hundred books, accompanied by a catalogue prepared by Bukowski himself. It is worth mentioning that the Jagiellonian Library was given several dozen books, important for the Polish culture, and several hundred brochures. Also, the National Museum in Cracow has a big collection of artefacts given by the collector from Sweden. None of those collections have been explored before. The article is based on the correspondence between Bukowski and the directors of all three institutions in Cracow donated by the Swedish antiquarian .

11

Karolina Lanckorońska (1898–2002). W stu dwudziestą rocznicę urodzin

51%

CHYNCZEWSKA-HENNEL T.

Czasopismo Naukowe Instytutu Studiów Kobiecych

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2018

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issue 2(5)

9-23

XX

W sierpniu 2019 roku mija 120 rocznica urodzin niezwykłej kobiety. Urodziła się w Wiedniu, jej ojcem był Karol Lanckoroński, kolekcjoner, historyk sztuki, matka Małgorzata Lichnovsky. Karolina Lanckorońska była pod ogromnym wpływem swego ojca i zawsze czuła się Polką. Była historykiem sztuki i jako pierwsza kobieta w Polsce została docentem Uniwersytetu Jana Kazimierza we Lwowie. Podczas II wojny światowej żołnierz AK, aresztowana przez hitlerowców, skazana na śmierć, więziona była w obozie w Ravensbrück. Po wojnie zamieszkała w Rzymie. Poświęciła się pracy dla kultury i nauki polskiej. Była współzałożycielką Polskiego Instytutu Historycznego w Rzymie oraz Fundacji Lanckorońskich z Brzezia. Otrzymała wiele odznaczeń polskich i zagranicznych oraz doktoraty honoris causa Uniwersytetów Jagiellońskiego i Wrocławskiego. Jest autorką wielu artykułów naukowych, wspomnień, redakcji i książki Wspomnienia wojenne. Podarowała na Zamek Królewski w Warszawie oraz na Wawel bezcenną kolekcję dzieł sztuki odziedziczoną po ojcu. Była niezwykłym człowiekiem, niedościgłym wzorem szlachetnej patriotki.

EN

In August 2019, there is the 120th anniversary of the birth of an extraordinary woman. She was born in Vienna, her father was Karol Lanckoroński, collector, art historian, mother Małgorzata Lichnovsky. Karolina Lanckorońska was under the influence of her father and she always felt Polish. She was an art historian and was the first woman in Poland to become a lecturer (docent) at the Jan Kazimierz University in Lviv. During World War II, being a Home Army soldier, she was arrested by the Nazis, sentenced to death and imprisoned in the Ravensbrück camp. After the war, she lived in Rome. She devoted herself to work for Polish culture and science. She was a co-founder of the Polish Historical Institute in Rome and the Lanckoronski Foundation from Brzezia. She received many Polish and foreign decorations and doctorate honoris causa of Jagiellonian and Wroclaw Universities. She is the author of many scientific articles, memoirs, editors and the book War Memories. She donated to the Royal Castle in Warsaw and to Wawel Castle an invaluable collection of works of art inherited from her father. She was an extraordinary person, an unattainable model of a noble patriot.

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The Language of Papal Gift-Giving in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries: An Example of Soft Power?

FRIEDRICH FROEBEL’S PEDAGOGICAL CONCEPT WITHIN POLISH PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION – THE REVIVAL OF 19TH CENTURY THOUGHT IN MODERN INSTITUTIONAL UPBRINGING OF CHILDREN

An attempt to define the charismata in the main Christian traditions

Dziecięce zabawki świąteczne w świetle wybranych źródeł ikonograficznych 2. połowy XIX i początku XX wieku

Displaying the Prince’s Identity: Textile Accessories and Fineries in Seventeenth-Century Diplomatic Gift-Giving

I frutti dello Spirito Santo - il commento di san Tommaso d'Aquino ai Gal 5,22ss

Praca z dzieckiem zdolnym w przedszkolu

Bird-shaped hanging bowl escutcheon from the Slavic fortress-settlement complex at Friedrichsruhe

Odmłodzenie communio Kościoła przez dary Ducha

Ze Szwecji do Polski. Dary Henryka Bukowskiego w bibliotekach krakowskich

Karolina Lanckorońska (1898–2002). W stu dwudziestą rocznicę urodzin