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EN
The genesis of the notion of “global” is reviewed. Actual programs of global actors are considered, including Alexander the Great as well as corporate initiatives for a “New World Order.” What motivates and drives the adoption of a global orientation? The power of the example of Polish civil society to throw off communism is examined. The imperative of global international mutual support and sustainable future cocreation rather than models of competition and domination is the resulting conclusion.
EN
Research background: Web-based idea management systems provide local and global idea management potential for many well-known and established companies, such as Boeing, Panasonic, Volkswagen, Volvo and P&G. Based on previous research done by the authors, there is an existing gap in the available literature and research on the subject: (1) there is a lack of evidence on how different idea managements system types materializes in local and global contexts; (2) there is a lack of research on how frequent these systems are applied in the global context. Purpose of the article: The paper aims to clarify which of the web-based idea management system types produce significantly better results when applied in the local and in the global context. Methods: The following research attempts to close the existing research gap empirically by conducting a survey. In the research paper analysis of 447 responses was included ? global companies that use idea management systems. The respondents were reached through idea management system providers. Findings & Value added: The research results suggest that there is a difference between the intensity of different web-based idea management system types (based on involved sources and process focus) of application if these systems are used for the global or local context. The study contributes theoretically and practically to the discussion about the potential idea management system application types in different contexts.
EN
The article considers the architectural works designed and realized in contemporary Serbian architectural practice in the context of questions and thinking about local-global but also of visible tendencies and dilemmas, that the architects deal with in smaller local environments like in Serbia, from the position of architectural historians, theoreticians and critics. The multi-layered, often vague double meaning and nuanced ties and interpretations of the mentioned relationships will be traced in the works of such important Serbian architects as I. Antić, M. Jovanović, B. Petrović, D. and M. Marušić, S. Krunić, I. Marić, B. Mitrović, I. Rašković, who were chosen in order to trace the line of development of the relationship between the local and global during 1950 ‒ 2000, the period which was also marked by turbulent social and political changes.
EN
During the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic (February–July 2020) I collected 374 textual jokes, humorous images, and image macros related to the coronavirus from Belarusian social media, friends, and family members. Many of the examples in my dataset became local memes, circulating within and beyond the Belarusian mediascape. While the Belarusian government’s dismissive response to the pandemic was unique among the Eastern European nations, only 34 of my examples referred specifically to the situation in Belarus. Many more examples addressed such issues as living under a lockdown, compulsory mask wearing, and distant working and learning, even though these measures were not implemented in the country on a mass scale. This incongruity between people’s lived experience in Belarus and the content of humorous folklore circulating in the country illustrates the influence of global media coverage on vernacular humorous expressions. These vernacular expressions point to strong connections between the Belarusian mediascape and those of other countries, especially Russia, from where many of the examples originated. The paper also reflects a broader issue of globalization and digitalization of contemporary folklore, discusses the phenomenon of newslore and illustrates how some of the common characteristics of folklore can be applied to the digital forms of vernacular expression. The paper also looks at the balance between global and local in the online folklore.
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Tefl Materials Evaluation: A Teacher's Perspective

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EN
This paper discusses the merits and demerits of two main types of instructional EFL materials, namely, global and in-house materials with special reference to those used in the Arab Gulf region. It also focuses on the evaluation of the much commoner global materials and the selection of the most appropriate ones for a specific EFL program. Although several questionnaires and checklists for evaluation exist, none of these has reflected the specific needs and concerns of EFL classroom teachers who would be using those materials. The paper stresses the need to scrutinize the current evaluation formats from a teacher's perspective. For this purpose, the writer proposes a specific "customizing" test that would help EFL teachers to assess the available evaluation checklists, select and adapt the most appropriate form that would fit in their respective settings.
EN
Global warming causes that climate changes poses significant socio – economic challenges and climate policy become a part of countries’ economic policy. With increase of the international community awareness about need to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, importance of renewable energy sources in power generation is growing. Twenty first century will be a time of the energy sector transformation towards low-carbon energy sources. This raises the new outlook for the industry, because climate policy can be a driving force for new sector of a “green economy”. “Green technologies” and “green economy” will generate new jobs, so that renewable energy sources are becoming not only an alternative to traditional energy source due to lack of GHG emissions, but also bring new economic opportunities.
EN
Polish banks survived the global financial crisis better than banks in many other countries of Western and Central Europe. Bank PKO BP received the A2 rating from Moody, owing to demonstration not only its stability, but also very good results. The author lists and analyzes the factors that have contributed to the maintenance of this bank liquidity and financial stability. Emphasizes the stabilizing role played by PKO BP, due to its size, in the entire banking and financial system during the crisis.
EN
Emerging markets are once again gaining the upper hand. According to the World Bank, current market trends indicate that emerging economies will account for more than 70% of global economic output by 2050. With the economic enigmas and the return of emerging economies, three billion new people have suddenly integrated into the global economy, all at once: one and a half billion Chinese, one billion Indians, and half a billion people from the former Soviet bloc. How then can the strategy that predominates in the internationalization of a company be identified? In this study we will define the necessary internal organization of a company and its activities and establish what changes must be made in the internal structure of employees regarding quantity, qualification, training and facilities for machines, technology, processes, and quality control. Before starting to promote the company internationally, it is advisable to check whether the brand can be used or whether it should be changed. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic had profoundly affected international trade, investment and travel. The pandemic has slowed the physical movement of people, goods and services, which is also the slowbalization thesis, and this now deserves careful consideration. The goal of this paper is to examine the objective of internationalization and the international development of companies. In this study are introduced the theoretical basis and a discussion on how exporting companies need nowadays to ask the right questions and how the analysis of the economic management can help internationalize their business. The second part of the study includes the results and conclusions.
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Distance education conferences and publications have the longest tradition in Western world countries, where they are focused on introducing professional solutions into business and administration. In Asia, the implementation of distance education is linked to social development and global expansion of national business within the framework of government strategies. In Latin America and in Africa, distance education provides assistance in equalising educational opportunities and in promotion of peace. In post-communist countries, academic centres poorly cooperate with administration and business sectors, which offer competitive and most attractive distance education courses. Algorithmisation of distant education courses results in insufficient development of self-reliance, creativity, and empathy of employees.
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