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EN
During recent decades, the rate of structural shifts in the world economy has been especially fast. One of the factors used to influence these processes was to actively develop hi-tech industries and information and communication technologies. With the course of time, the level of informatization of society becomes a defining factor for a country’s competitiveness and predefines its ability to integrate into the global economy. The article characterizes the readiness of different countries to make a move to an innovative way of development based on analysis of combined rating tables that contain integral indices of society’s informatization level. The level of accomplishment of the task to form an innovative type of economy can be assessed in the link between implementation of science and technology progress achievements (i.e.: through the use of information and communication technologies) and the level of socio-economic development of the world countries. Current positions held by Russia and Poland according to some integral indices are also being analyzed.
EN
The nature and indicators of financial stability of the state are presented. An issue of innovative development of the state is considered, its main difficulties and contradictions are defined. Trends and economic conditions for financial stability of the state in supporting innovation are substantiated. Special attention was paid to the factors to accelerate economic dynamics based on innovative mechanism, with appropriate set of direct financial, fiscal, legal, infrastructural, economic and political measures. It is proved that all the above measures are effective in their balanced unity under conditions of government providing with single framework for further innovative development.
EN
In this research work, the author focuses on the analysis of the financial instrument of the Innovation Union — Horizon 2020. Horizon 2020 is the flagship initiative aimed at securing Europe’s global competitiveness. It will combine all research and innovation funding currently provided through the Framework Programmes for Research and Technical Development, the innovation related activities of the Competitiveness and Innovation Framework Programme (CIP) and the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT). Horizon 2020 will tackle societal challenges by helping to bridge the gap between research and the market, by helping innovative enterprise to develop their technological breakthroughs into viable products with real commercial potential. This market-driven approach will include creating partnerships with the private sector and Member States to bring together the needed resources. The main objective of the paper is to give a comprehensive analysis of the Horizon 2020 programme as the flagship initiative for the growth of the European Union global competitiveness, the challenges for Horizon 2020 to accelerate technology development, the objectives of the new EU programme for research and innovation, the comparison of options and assessment of cost — effectiveness of Horizon 2020.
HR
U ovom radu problematizira se konkurentnost hrvatskoga gospodarstva. U teorijskim poglavljima rada, na temelju sekundarnih izvora podataka prikupljenih „desk“ metodom (istraživanje za stolom), prikazana je konkurentnost hrvatskoga gospodarstva i koncept pet konkurentskih sila prema Porteru. U tu svrhu korištena je znanstvena i stručna literatura te Internetski izvori. Uz sekundarne, u radu su prikazani i primarni rezultati istraživanja, koji predstavljaju odgovore ispitanika prikupljene metodom internetske ankete. Ispitanike su predstavljali zaposlenici hrvatskih izvoznih poduzeća, a njihovi odgovori obrađeni su metodom deskriptivne statističke analize. S tim u vezi, cilj istraživanja u ovom radu predstavlja rangiranje utjecaja Porterovih pet sila na konkurentnost hrvatskih izvoznih poduzeća, što je provedeno statističkom analizom varijanci. Predmetno istraživanje tj. sekundarni i primarni podatci prikazani u ovom radu preuzeti su iz doktorske disertacije autora ovog rada.
EN
This paper discusses the competitiveness of the Croatian economy. In the theoretical chapters of the paper, secondary data sources are based on and collected by the desk research method. These chapters present the competitiveness of the Croatian economy and the concept of five competing forces according to Porte. For this purpose, scientific and professional literature and Internet sources were used. In addition to the secondary ones, the paper also presents the primary results of the research, which represent the answers of the respondents collected by the method of an online survey. Respondents were represented by employees of Croatian export companies, and their answers were processed by the method of descriptive statistical analysis. In this regard, the aim of the research in this paper is to rank the impact of Porter’s five forces on the competitiveness of Croatian export companies, which was conducted by statistical analysis of variance. The subject of this research, with secondary and primary data presented in this paper, is taken from the doctoral dissertation of the author of this paper.
PL
Konkurencyjność nie jest jednoznacznie definiowana. Różne są także metody jej pomiaru. Analiza poziomu konkurencyjności w skali makro jest przedmiotem zainteresowania wielu podmiotów. Rankingi konkurencyjności publikowane są m.in. przez Global Competitiveness Report przygotowywany przez World Economic Forum (WEF). Pozycja kraju w rankingu zależy od wielu czynników sklasyfikowanych w 12 filarach. W Raporcie 2017–2018 w rankingu WEF uwzględniono 137 krajów. W grupie 10 krajów o najwyższym rankingu zaszły zmiany w kolejności, nie zmienił się jednak diametralnie skład tej grupy w porównaniu do roku poprzedniego. W rankingu tym Polska została sklasyfikowana na 39 miejscu. Jest to relatywnie wysoka pozycja w porównaniu do roku 2008, w którym Polska zajmowała 53 miejsce na 134 kraje. Dalszy wzrost konkurencyjności polskiej gospodarki może w przyszłości zależeć między innymi od profesjonalizmu kadry kierowniczej oraz przestawienia się na konkurencyjność produktową. Niezbędne jest także dzielenie się wiedzą na linii uczelnie‑sektor biznesowy oraz pomiędzy samymi przedsiębiorstwami.
EN
Competitiveness is not clearly defined and there are different methods of measuring it. Analysis of the level of competitiveness on a macro scale is of interest to many entities. Competitiveness rankings are published in the Global Competitiveness Report prepared by the World Economic Forum (WEF), among others. 137 countries have been included in the WEF’s 2017–2018 Report. A country’s position in this ranking depends on many factors, classified in 12 pillars. In the group of 10 countries with the highest ranking, there are changes in order compared to the previous year, but the composition of this group did not significantly change. In this ranking, Poland was 39th. This is relatively high compared to 2008, in which it ranked 53rd out of 134 countries. In the future, further growth of the competitiveness of the Polish economy may depend on, among other things, the professionalism of managerial staff and on the shift to product competitiveness. It is also necessary to share knowledge between the university and the business sectors and between companies themselves.
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