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Wpływ kosztów pracy na polski eksport

100%
Kapela M., Osiecka K.
Przegląd Zachodni
|
2018
|
issue 1(366)
113-130
EN
Low labour costs in Poland contribute to its higher participation in global value chain. Nevertheless they can solidify the disadvantageous structure of Polish production and export (with small participation of high technology products and quite a prominent share of imported semi-finished products in the export volume). Strong competition among countries and ease of goods and services flow increase the significance of product specification. The level of technology sophistication determines the quality of products and production efficiency and furthermore facilitates transfer from labour-intensive to capital-intensive branches. The main issue of this article is to verify the impact of labour costs level on the volume and structure of Polish export. The time period (2007-2016) refers to the time before and after the world financial crisis when in 2009 export of most of the European economies crashed. The data is from Eurostat and GUS database. Methodology includes an overview of the literature, deduction, the method of least squares and index of similarities in structure.
2
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Economic Diplomacy in the Innovation Global Value Chains as the National Security Providing Strategy Component

88%
Omelyanenko V.
Path of Science
|
2017
|
vol. 3
|
issue 3
3.1-3.8
EN
The article deals with the analyzes of economic diplomacy application in the area of innovations. The strategy of economic diplomacy by improving the efficiency in global value chain participation was considered. The main effects of commercial diplomacy using in the innovation area were identified. The world experience using economic diplomacy in the innovation sphere was considered.
3
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Governance and competitiveness in global value chains: A comparative study in the automobile and textile industries

75%
Pla-Barber J., Villar C.
Economics and Business Review
|
2019
|
vol. 5 (19)
|
issue 3
EN
In this paper the configuration of the value chains in the automobile and the textile industries building on a theoretical review of the value chain concept, its different typologies and governance models are analised. At the empirical level these chains are classified according to the most relevant participating actors, their interrelations and their methods of upgrading their competitiveness. In both chains a firm-level analysis of their quantitative indicators for competitiveness was carried out. Regarding the automobile industry assemblers generate significant agglomeration economies by attracting international suppliers. The modular production system of the sector generates great flexibility for the manufacturer but it also represents important opportunities for supplier companies aiming to improve their competitive position in these chains. As for the textile industry, our paper shows the clear leadership of the large distribution chains which have radically changed the sector transforming it into an industry driven by the buyers or distributors. Results indicate that the distribution companies are those that have the potential to generate greater added value when these companies have created integrated structures at the end of the chain.
4
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GLOBAL OR MORE REGIONAL? ANALYSIS OF GLOBAL EMBEDDEDNESS OF THE CENTRAL EUROPEAN’S AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY VIA VOLKSWAGEN GROUP’S INTRA-FIRM LINKAGES

63%
Tury G.
Unia Europejska.pl
|
2017
|
issue 4
3-13
EN
Due to the global value chain in the automotive industry, the Central European countries (the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia) were involved in the world economy in the last decades. The global value chains as the pattern of the intra-firm linkages are complex and ever-changing frameworks, which reflect on the local and global issues. This study aims to describe the global embeddedness of the Central European countries within the value chain of the automotive enterprises. Via a firm analysis of the Volkswagen Group, the paper describes the spatial distribution and the sharing of production among European, overseas (North- and South American, Asian) and Central European affiliates. Based on statistical data and empirical analysis, the paper will explore that Central Europe has a key role not only in the successful relocation and fragmentation of European road vehicle production, but also has important global linkages within the automotive industry.
PL
Wobec globalnego charakteru łańcucha wartości w przemyśle motoryzacyjnym, kraje Europy Środkowej w ostatnich dekadach włączyły się w gospodarkę światową. Globalne łańcuchy wartości jako model powiązań wewnątrzkorporacyjnych mają charakter złożonych i wciąż zmieniających się ram, które znajdują odbicie w zagadnieniach w skali lokalnej i globalnej. Opracowanie ma na celu omówienie zmieniającego się modelu globalnej sieci produkcyjnej, jeżeli chodzi o powiązania przemysłu motoryzacyjnego w Europie Środkowej (czeskiego, polskiego, słowackiego i węgierskiego) w zmieniającej się gospodarce światowej. Na podstawie danych statystycznych i analizy empirycznej w artykule wykazano, że Europa Środkowa odgrywa główną rolę nie tylko w udanej relokacji i fragmentacji produkcji samochodów, lecz zajmuje również globalną pozycję w przemyśle motoryzacyjnym. Na przykładzie analizy grupy Volkswagena artykuł omawia dystrybucję przestrzenną i podział produkcji wśród filii europejskich, zamorskich i środkowo-europejskich. Artykuł ilustruje docenianie w skali globalnej krajów środkowo-europejskich z punktu widzenia łańcucha wartości przedsiębiorstwa.
5
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Diverging Competitive Performances of the Visegrad Countries - Some Conclusions from the Technology Level of External Trade

63%
Tury G.
Unia Europejska.pl
|
2014
|
issue 3
36-51
PL
Konkurencyjność krajów zajmuje wysokie miejsce w badaniach porównawczych gospoda-rek, nie tylko europejskich. Istnieje wiele podejść do mierzenia i porównywania gospodarek - jednym z nich jest analizowanie handlu zagranicznego. Istotnym czynnikiem jest to, że z punktu widzenia wzrostu gospodarczego gospodarki krajów Grupy Wyszehradzkiej - jak i innych kra-jów wschodzących Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej - w dużej mierze zależą od popytu ze-wnętrznego. Ich znakomite wyniki eksportowe są konsekwencją tego, że kraje te są głęboko włączone w międzynarodowe łańcuchy wartości. Jednym ze skutków tego jest wysoki udział produktów nowych technologii w eksporcie ogółem. Celem artykułu jest porównanie wartości dodanej brutto i eksportu przemysłów zaawansowanych technologii dla określenia rankingu krajów Grupy Wyszehradzkiej. W konkluzji podkreślono, że przy porównywaniu powinno się jednak brać pod uwagę cechy właściwe dla badanych krajów.
EN
Competitiveness of nations is high on the agenda. There are many approaches to measuring and comparing economies: analysing foreign trade is one of them. An important factor is that because of the economic growth the Visegrad countries - like the other emerging markets of Central and Eastern Europe - are highly dependent on foreign markets. Their outstanding export performance derives from being deeply involved in global value chains. One consequence of this is the high proportion of high tech products in the total exports. The aim of this paper is to compare the gross value added and exports of branches using high tech to rank the Visegrad countries. The analysis highlights the fact that comparison does not make sense without taking into consideration country-specific characteristics.
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