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EN
Problems of the conducting of the Gregorian composition depends on rhythmical optics chosen by the conductor. Used since 1908 method of Solesmes involving the bipartite and tripartite meaning of rhythm, with semiological optics executive has become anachronistic. Founder of renewed executive concept – Dom Cardine – returned to reading and understanding of the rhythmic signs contained in the oldest preserved musical-liturgical sources (Sankt Gallen and Laon). There is no collection of conventional gestures, which could use the Gregorian conductor. The initial analytical gesture, characterized by distinguishing the different sounds, in terms of synthetic depends on the degree of knowledge of Gregorian semiology. Gesture requires first of all emphasize the notes and extended by graphic separation from others - articulated.
EN
Contemporary knowledge on Gregorian Chant is mainly attributed to research conducted on oldest manuscripts. As a result we gained abilities to analyze the transformations which a Gregorian repertoire underwent on the course of ages. One of the most precious liturgical and musical monuments preserved in Poland is a 16th-century Graduale of King Jan Olbracht, stored in Archiwum Kapituły Katedralnej on Wawel, Kraków. Analysis of a graduale Priusquam te formarem for the feast of Birth of John the Baptist shows how an 8th-century melody has been simplified, losing its Gregorian characteristics.
PL
Współczesny stan wiedzy na temat śpiewu gregoriańskiego zawdzięczamy przede wszystkim badaniom prowadzonym nad najstarszymi rękopisami. Owocem tych badań jest m.in. możliwość analizowania przekształceń, którym ulegał autentyczny repertuar gregoriański na przestrzeni wieków. Jednym z najcenniejszych zabytków liturgiczno‑muzycznych na gruncie polskim jest datowany na początek XVI wieku Graduał króla Jana Olbrachta, przechowywany w Archiwum Kapituły Katedralnej na Wawelu. Analiza graduału Priusquam te formarem, przeznaczonego na święto Narodzin Jana Chrzciciela, pokazuje, jak pochodząca z VIII wieku melodia została uproszczona na przestrzeni lat, tracąc swój gregoriański charakter.
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