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Able-bodied vs. disabled people – infrahumanisation of students with disabilities (a case study)1

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Bełza-Gajdzica M.

Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja

2019

vol. 16

issue 2

Bełza-Gajdzica Magdalena, Able-bodied vs. disabled people – infrahumanisation of students with disabilities(a case study). Culture – Society – Education no 2(16) 2019, Poznań 2019, pp. 71–83, Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-0422. DOI 10.14746/kse.2019.16.5. The article discusses the phenomenon of infrahumanisation in academic relations between able-bodied people (both students and academics) and students with disabilities. The main goal of the article is to show that infrahumanisation may make it difficult for young people with disabilities to build their capital for the future in the form of interpersonal relations. The paper uses Arnold van Gennep’s concept of the rite of passage as a model of entering adulthood, and focuses specifically on the stage of university education as the one which completes the transition into adulthood, and marks the beginning of a “normal” life (i.e. one consistent with social expectations). The phenomenon of infrahumanisation shown here on various levelsof academic life disrupts this process, and may hinder the inclusion/integration of disabled people into society. The relations between disabled students and non-disabled people who are part of the academic community in which the students operate may, however, also bridge the distance between the two groups, and thus contribute to paving the way to a respectful society, i.e. the way of equality.

‘The Social Brain’: The Human Brain Communicating Through Social Experience

63%

Berenson A., Keidar D.

Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja

2016

vol. 9

issue 1

147-166

This article suggests an overview of the social brain, evaluation of local and global groups and the relationship between the individual, the brain and society. Emphasis is put on individual and collective identity and on the shaping of public opinion through the media and on examining future developments that will mold social trends and most importantly, whether it is possible to promote the evolution of a better society that is built on cooperation, reciprocity, altruism, understanding, attention, sensitivity, values and a high level of ethical functioning. The development of thinking, planning and new revelations have increased the need for engagement and connection with others. The human brain has developed self-interest thinking. Utilitarian calculations have become a part of humanity's engagements. Group relationships are essential for survival, care, concern and security. The product of the dichotomous existence of man and society: egoism versus cooperation and altruism. In order to survive as an individual in the group and as a group, the social brain developed and shaped thinking procedures of framing and instincts in patterns of feelings and emotions. The influencing messages of environmental sources which exist in the public sphere impact by pass the human brain through "mirror" nerves, stereotype thinking and collective and evolutionary memory, fulfilling basic motivation needs, creating belonging, love and appreciation. For instance, the media that uses these groups shared involvement feelings and collective identity to shape by means of "framing" the public opinion and way of thinking, and by that shape the perception of the reality.

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2 Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja

1 Berenson A.

1 Bełza-Gajdzica M.

1 Keidar D.

1 2019

1 2016

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Able-bodied vs. disabled people – infrahumanisation of students with disabilities (a case study)1

‘The Social Brain’: The Human Brain Communicating Through Social Experience