Search results - CEJSH

1

Unintended Consequences : the Financial Assumptions and Economic Theory of Obamacare : the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

100%

Thoene M.

Olsztyn Economic Journal

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2014

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vol. 9

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issue 3

251-263

EN

This article examines the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA,) often referred to colloquially as Obamacare, from a financial and economic perspective in order to analyze the potential efficacy of the system. Research was gathered pertaining to the stated objectives of the program, and economic theory was applied in order to reveal if the aims of the program are congruent with economic theory. It was found that the authors of the ACA did not anticipate or under-anticipated several economic effects of the legislation, which will hamper the implementation and effectiveness of the program. Furthermore, the economic theories employed by the Obama administration relied heavily upon classical economic theory, with little or no attention given to Transaction Cost Economics (TCE). Moreover, the law itself is overly complex and controversial due to a myriad of provisions added through the intercession of lobbyists from the healthcare, insurance and special interest sectors. The end result is that Americans may obtain a slightly improved healthcare system, but the United States will most likely still lag behind the rest of the industrialized world in many key health statistics.

2

Challenges of overcoming ageism towards elderly people in healthcare context

100%

Nowakowska I.

Horyzonty Wychowania

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2017

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vol. 16

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issue 40

9-24

EN

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the paper is to analyse the impact ageism may have on providing healthcare to elderly people. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The article investigates the consequences of ageism in medical settings, where the elderly are particularly vulnerable to discrimination, distinguishing ageism from appropriate practice variation as well as giving suggestions to improve the situation. The paper analyses research published worldwide on selected issues connected with ageism with special attention to medical professionals’ attitudes and ageist behaviours of the elderly’s environment in a situation of their disability or illness. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: Firstly, the relation of ageism to other forms of stereotyping is outlined. Then, the threats of positive ageism are elaborated. The next section is devoted to self-stereotyping of the elderly and its impact on their functioning. Then, the paper discusses medical professionals’ attitudes and ways to measure them, as well as educational interventions that may alter them. Finally, the article refers effective ways of adjusting health promotion messages to the needs of older adults. RESEARCH RESULTS: Ageism bases on mechanisms similar to sexism and racism, but there are some remarkable differences. Positive ageism may be compassionate, however, might be harmful when intruding into an elderly person’s decisions. Self-stereotyping may be described with a model of a vicious cycle. Contact with the elderly is found to be useful in changing medical staff’s attitudes. Family-centred messages are most effective when it comes to health promotion among older adults. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Studies on ageism prove that negative convictions about the elderly are harmful and affect their functioning. Inclusion of the elderly should be applied in social contexts as well as in science, as the elderly are often missed out in research samples.

3

Public perception of healthcare personnel in Poland and some other European countries in view of selected studies

100%

Łosiewicz M., Ryłko-Kurpiewska A.

International Business and Global Economy

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2015

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vol. Volume 34

198–209

EN

The paper presents current trends in the perception of healthcare in Poland and other European countries. The authors present the results of numerous surveys conducted both in Poland and abroad, which demonstrate significant changes in the way healthcare is perceived by the public in individual countries. As the diagnosis of how the medical profession is perceived in Poland gives no grounds for optimism, factors affecting its perception must be identified. This shows healthcare evaluation to be contextually-based, depending on the performance of both individual healthcare establishments and of the whole healthcare system in Poland. Demography has a heavy impact on the evaluation, as the medical services are being rated by the ageing society.

4

Wielopostaciowość podmiotów leczniczych

100%

Budzisz R.

Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne

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2018

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vol. 16

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issue 1 (1)

33-41

EN

Multiformity is a feature of many institutions of administrative lawand concerns diversity of an organization, forms of administration and its structures.The Act on medical activity allows various organizational forms of medical entities. Their multiform nature affects the system and principles of operation of these entities. The diversity of this type of entities can be assessed positively; however, it is necessary to guarantee implementation of the requirements for the process of providing health services, common to all entities regardless of their organizational form.

5

Legal and financial liability in healthcare — selected issues

100%

Lenio P.

Przegląd Prawa i Administracji

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2020

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vol. 120

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issue Tom 1

643 - 655

EN

This study addresses the issue of liability for infringing public finance discipline in the healthcare sector. The subjective and objective scope of this type of liability was examined with reference to the Polish healthcare system. The author assessed selected acts constituting violations of public finance discipline relevant to the finances of this system. It was also established that the subjective and objective scope of liability was shaped without taking into account the specifics of the functioning of the public healthcare sector. There are, however, two exceptions that have been analysed in detail in this study.

PL

W niniejszym opracowaniu poruszono problematykę odpowiedzialności za naruszenie dyscypliny finansów publicznych w sektorze ochrony zdrowia. Zbadano zakres podmiotowy i przedmiotowy tego rodzaju odpowiedzialności w odniesieniu do polskiego systemu ochrony zdrowia. Autor dokonał oceny wybranych czynów stanowiących naruszenie dyscypliny finansów publicznych, mających znaczenie dla finansów tego systemu. Ustalono też, że podmiotowy i przedmiotowy zakres odpowiedzialności został ukształtowany bez uwzględnienia specyfiki funkcjonowania publicznego sektora ochrony zdrowia. Istnieją jednak dwa wyjątki, które w niniejszym opracowaniu zostały poddane szczegółowej analizie.

6

Simulation modeLling for predicting hospital admissions and bed utilisation

100%

HAJŁASZ M., MIELCZAREK B.

Operations Research and Decisions

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2020

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vol. 30

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issue 3

5-19

EN

Demographic research of the world population shows that societies are ageing. The ongoing changes in the population structure will require appropriate quantitative and qualitative adjustments in health services to meet the needs of society. Simulation methods turn out to be helpful in these kinds of analyses. In this paper, the authors present a case study on using discrete event simulation (DES) to support decision-making in the field of hospital bed management in the light of demographic changes. The case study was elaborated for one of the Polish district hospitals. A DES model was built to simu-late admissions to two hospital wards: paediatric and geriatric. A series of experiments were carried out as based on real data extracted from the hospital database and forecasted demographic trends elaborated by the Central Statistical Office of Poland (CSO). The influence of demographic changes on hospital admissions in the chosen age-gender cohorts was explored, examining different variants of hospital bed availability. The results of the experiments show that demographic trends significantly influence healthcare admission and bed utilisation. The reduction in the number of admissions to the paediatric ward by about 6% results in a change in average bed utilisation from 57.90% to 54.06%. With about 12% more admissions to the geriatric ward, the change is from 68.88% to 75.59%. Demographic research of the world population shows that societies are ageing. The ongoing changes in the population structure will require appropriate quantitative and qualitative adjustments in health services to meet the needs of society. Simulation methods turn out to be helpful in these kinds of analyses. In this paper, the authors present a case study on using discrete event simulation (DES) to support decision-making in the field of hospital bed management in the light of demographic changes. The case study was elaborated for one of the Polish district hospitals. A DES model was built to simu-late admissions to two hospital wards: paediatric and geriatric. A series of experiments were carried out as based on real data extracted from the hospital database and forecasted demographic trends elaborated by the Central Statistical Office of Poland (CSO). The influence of demographic changes on hospital admissions in the chosen age-gender cohorts was explored, examining different variants of hospital bed availability. The results of the experiments show that demographic trends significantly influence healthcare admission and bed utilisation. The reduction in the number of admissions to the paediatric ward by about 6% results in a change in average bed utilisation from 57.90% to 54.06%. With about 12% more admissions to the geriatric ward, the change is from 68.88% to 75.59%.

7

Devolution in the Italian Healthcare System. The Role of Regions in Organizing Healthcare after 2001

100%

Urbaniak M.

Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i prognozy

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2014

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issue 1(35)

89-97

EN

A very important act reforming healthcare in Italy was the Act of 23 December 1978, which initiated devolution of competence in the matter of healthcare, with the transfer of administrative and legislative functions in this field to regions. As a result of this reform, Italy underwent a transfer from the insurance model of healthcare financing to the model of national healthcare service. Other changes concerning, first of all, the form of the regional state and broadening regional autonomy were introduced by the Constitutional Act No. 3 of 18 October 2001, amending Title V of the Constitution and concerning the status of regions, provinces and communes. As a result of these reforms, it is regions that currently represent the most important level of administration between the central government and communes. The main result of the process of federalism is how the regions were granted authority to allocate owned funds in the healthcare system in the manner that they consider most appropriate for funding basic levels of services (LEA) in their territory, as well as the management of the organization of healthcare in their local area in the way that meets the requirements of the population living there.

PL

Bardzo ważnym aktem reformującym opiekę zdrowotną we Włoszech była ustawa z dnia 23 grudnia 1978 roku, którą zapoczątkowano dewolucję kompetencji w materii ochrony zdrowia, z przekazaniem regionom funkcji administracyjnych i legislacyjnych w tym zakresie. W wyniku tej reformy Włochy przeszły od ubezpieczeniowego modelu finansowania opieki zdrowotnej do modelu narodowej służby zdrowia. Kolejne zmiany, dotyczące przede wszystkim formy państwa regionalnego i poszerzenia autonomii regionalnej wprowadzone zostały w drodze ustawy konstytucyjnej nr 3 z dnia 18 października 2001 roku, która zmieniała Tytuł V Konstytucji i dotyczącej statusu regionów, prowincji i gmin. W rezultacie przeprowadzonych reform to regiony obecnie stanowią najważniejszy szczebel administracji pomiędzy rządem centralnym a gminami. Zasadniczym efektem procesu federalizmu jest przyznanie regionom kompetencji do alokacji posiadanych przez nie środków na opiekę zdrowotną w taki sposób jaki ich zdaniem jest najbardziej odpowiedni dla finansowania podstawowych poziomów świadczeń na ich terytorium, a także zarządzanie organizacją ochrony zdrowia na własnym terenie w sposób który odpowiada wymogom zamieszkującej je zbiorowości.

8

EXPENDITURES ON HEALTHCARE VERSUS HEALTH CONDITIONS AMONG NEW MEMBER COUNTRIES OF THE EU

100%

Leśniowska M., Nedyalkova A.

Finansowy Kwartalnik Internetowy e-Finanse

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2014

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vol. 10

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issue 1

35-48

EN

The aging population, the increasing number of lifestyle diseases and the increasing proportion of difficult-to-cure illnesses in the EU demands the use of modern medicine and modern medical technology. Such a situation leads to an increase of funds spent on the health sector. Therefore the question arises as to whether it is possible to find the link between expenditure on health and health conditions among societies in the EU countries. This article shows the relationship between health financing and the condition of health in the societies of the new EU Member States.

9

Nowe metody zarządzania procesowego w ochronie zdrowia

100%

Szelągowski M.

e-mentor

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2015

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issue 5 (62)

40-48

EN

Healthcare facilities are increasingly drawing on modern management methods and tools to raise effectiveness of performed therapeutic processes, and to optimize their costs, duration and resources. This article aims at demonstrating the possibilities and the advantages resulting from using business process management tools in practice of healthcare centers. The presented process models described the independent decisions that the medical personnel made in their day-to-day operations and - from the process modelling phase - mechanisms of controlling and obtaining knowledge on the actual performance of a selected therapy. In the subsequent stages, by using process mining tools, it will be possible to recreate selected therapeutic processes and use them as knowledge sources during similar cases. The main aim of this research set at the beginning - searching for the „ideal” therapeutic process, was abandoned during the implementation. After the first failed attempts to create a detailed model of a process, the objective of the project was changed to modeling processes in a way to enable their adaptation to the needs of a specific performance, while still retaining the possibility of obtaining practical and useful knowledge.

10

Dynamic capabilities and innovation capabilities: The case of the ‘Innovation Clinic’

100%

Strønen F., Hoholm T., Kværner K., Støme L. N.

Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation

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2017

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vol. 13

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issue 1

89-116

EN

In this explorative study, we investigate the relationship between dynamic capabilities and innovation capabilities. Dynamic capabilities are at the core of strategic management in terms of how firms can ensure adaptation to changing environments over time. Our paper follows two paths of argumentation. First, we review and discuss some major contributions to the theories on ordinary capabilities, dynamic capabilities, and innovation capabilities. We seek to identify different understandings of the concepts in question, in order to clarify the distinctions and relationships between dynamic capabilities and innovation capabilities. Second, we present a case study of the ’Innovation Clinic’ at a major university hospital, including four innovation projects. We use this case study to explore and discuss how dynamic capabilities can be extended, as well as to what extent innovation capabilities can be said to be dynamic. In our conclusion, we discuss the conditions for nurturing ‘dynamic innovation capabilities’ in organizations.

11

Źródła finansowania ochrony zdrowia w Polsce i w Wielkiej Brytanii

100%

Lenio P.

Studenckie Prace Prawnicze, Administratywistyczne i Ekonomiczne

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2018

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vol. 23

49-62

EN

The subject of this paper are sources of healthcare financing in Poland and Great Britain. Healthcare system in Great Britain is based on the local government units and it is financed by the budgets of these units. Health insurance contribution does not exist in Great Britain. The financing model currently in place is based primarily on the proceeds of the National Health Fund which are ensured through collection of health insurance contributions. Public sources of healthcare financing also include the state budget and the budgets of local government units. Author have identified differences and similarities in the examined healthcare financing systems and sources. This paper also includes conclusions with a view of the future law in Poland.

12

SYSTEM OCHRONY ZDROWIA W SZWAJCARII – DOŚWIADCZENIA I REKOMENDACJE DLA POLSKI

100%

Figura J.

Polityka i Społeczeństwo

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2016

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issue 3(14)

144-160 (17)

EN

The article pertains to the subject of health policy. The paper examines in detail one of the best health systems in the world, which operates in Switzerland. The aim of the article is a detailed presentation of the functioning of the health system in Switzerland, according to selected criteria. The article was developed based on the study of literature (both national and international positions). The health model adopted and implemented in Switzerland has its advantages and disadvantages. The success of the health system in Switzerland is determined by, among other factors, the operation of many competing companies offering health insurance, broad and at the same time socially acceptable patient co-payment and the development of large-scale private health insurance and high "saturation" of medical personnel within the health system. Concrete proposals to im-prove the situation in the Polish health care system were indicated, based on the rich experience of the Swiss health system. The solutions adopted in the Swiss health care system should provide inspiration for all decision-makers in Poland.

13

Review of modelling approaches for healthcare simulation

100%

MIELCZAREK B.

Operations Research and Decisions

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2016

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vol. 26

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issue 1

55-72

EN

The goal of this paper is to present a summary of various simulation methods applied to health services and to discuss several internal and external determinants for selecting a particular simulation method to study a given managerial problem within the healthcare system. The analysis presented is based on a literature survey and considers four primary simulation techniques: Monte Carlo, discrete- -event simulation, agent-based simulation and system dynamics. A range of internal and external factors are reviewed and characterised to determine the most suitable simulation technique for addressing a particular healthcare decision problem.

14

Stan zdrowia oraz potrzeby zdrowotne i opiekuńcze ludzi starych

88%

Suszko R.

Studia BAS

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2012

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issue 2(30)

29-57

EN

The article covers the issue of the health condition of elderly people and their needs regarding medical care. The author introduces the analysis of the health condition of elderly people in Poland on the basis of statistical data. Next, the following issues concerning senior citizens are described: benefits of physical activity, poverty and its influence on health condition, sick leave absence and its influence on social insurance system, nursing and medical care system, social services. In the conclusion the author gives his forecast on the demand of medical care for elderly people in the context of demographic changes.

15

Exploring Potentialities of (Health)Care in Glasgow and Beyond: Negotiations of Social Security Among Czech- and Slovak-Speaking Migrants

88%

Guma T.

Central and Eastern European Migration Review

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2018

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vol. 7

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issue 1

73-90

EN

This paper draws on an anthropological perspective on social security to explore the complex ways in which Czech- and Slovak-speaking migrants living in Glasgow negotiated their healthcare concerns and built security in the city and beyond. It is based on 12 months of ethnographic research conducted in 2012 with migrants who moved to Glasgow after 2004. Inquiring into healthcare issues and the resulting insecurities from the migrants’ perspective and in their everyday lives, the paper demonstrates how these issues were largely informed by migrants’ experiences of ‘uncaring care’ in Glasgow, rather than due to their lack of knowledge or understanding of the Scottish/UK health system. Furthermore, the findings reveal how these migrants drew on multiple resources and forms of support and care – both locally and transnationally – in order to mitigate and overcome their health problems. At the same time, the analysis also highlights constraints and limitations to the actors’ care negotiations, thus going beyond a functional approach to social security, which tends to overlook instances of ‘unsuccessful’ or unrealised care arrangements. In conclusion, I propose that migrants’ care negotiations can be best understood as an ongoing process of exploring potentialities of care by actively and creatively opening up, probing, rearranging and trying out sources of support and care in their efforts to deal with perceived risks and insecurities in their everyday lives.

16

Gospodarstwa emerytów na tle innych typów gospodarstw domowych

88%

Ciura G.

Studia BAS

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2012

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issue 2(30)

77-99

EN

The aim of this article is to introduce the issue of the living conditions in pensioner households in comparison with other households in Poland. The article begins with a general background on features and statistics of old‑age pensioners households. Next, the author discusses following questions related to pensioners’ situation in Poland: their income and expenditures in comparison with other social groups, housing conditions, risk of poverty and results of a pension system reform of 1999 on their financial situation. The articles is based on data from Household Budget Survey by Central Statistical Office (GUS) and other scientific research.

17

Legal and practical aspects of access to health care for persons with hearing loss in selected European countries

88%

Kulińska K.

Ekonomia. Wrocław Economic Review

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2018

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vol. 24

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issue 3

79 - 95

EN

The article presents the outcomes of legal research combined with quantitative and qualitative research review concerning access to health care for people with hearing loss in selected European countries: United Kingdom, Federal Republic of Germany and Republic of Poland. The main objective was to verify if and how this issue, especially communication and access to information, is solved in different legal systems. Secondly, by comparing the established legal framework in each country with available data on actual quality of healthcare provision, it was assessed whether any regularities between the chosen models of regulating rights of people with hearing loss and real-life adjustments for those patients can be detected. The objective scope of the research includes any type of hearing loss which affects spoken language communication, that is not only d/Deaf but also deafblind and hard of hearing persons, if only their primary and/or preferred way of communication is the not-spoken one. The main findings of the performed analysis are that key sources of barriers in access to healthcare are the lack of awareness on the side of both patients (regarding their rights) and healthcare providers (specificity of hearing impairments) and the fact that enhancements in the professional status of sign language interpreters and other communication assistants are needed.

18

Migrants and healthcare within the European Union

88%

Nagy R.

International Review of Social Research

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2011

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vol. 1

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issue 1

61-72

EN

The investigation of migration can help us understand how the types of migration interact with each other as well as with the various local/national ‘immobilities’. Migrants pose special challenges to healthcare systems, in their origin as well as destination countries. Available data on this topic, following EU interests and policies, focuses on health problems of vulnerable migrant groups, often directed exclusively to issues that can affect the local population. This paper aims to set some explanatory contexts when it comes to the relationship between migration and healthcare within the European context.

19

Digitalisation of Healthcare and the Problem of Digital Exclusion

88%

Kwiatkowska E. M., Skórzewska-Amberg M.

Central European Management Journal

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2019

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vol. 27(2)

48-63

EN

Purpose: Digitalisation of healthcare in Poland which covers e-prescriptions, e-referrals, and shar ing electronic medical records (EMR) on the P1 platform3 is supposed to be fully completed and implemented from 1 January 2021. The success of that implementation is strictly connected to the level of digital skills of both healthcare providers and healthcare service users. The purpose of the present paper is to indicate potential problems which may arise from the digitalisation of healthcare in social groups which are not adapted to using information and communication technologies (ICT) in their day-to-day lives, especially in case of the elderly. Methodology: In order to indicate a potentially high level of digital exclusion in society, secondary data collected by Eurostat, Statistics Poland and CBOS4 were used. Problems in the healthcare sector, including those resulting from the digitalisation implemented in Poland, were presented against the backdrop of the changing law which applies here. Findings: The introduction of digital solutions in the healthcare sector in Poland, including EMR, e-referrals, and e-prescriptions, was postponed numerous times, which can indicate the lack of the proper preparation of providers for a digital revolution. However, a potentially greater problem may lie with healthcare service users, especially considering the fact that such services are used mostly by the elderly. The phenomenon of digital exclusion, generally associated with the lack of skills neces sary for using ICT, is frequently observed particularly among senior citizens. It can lead to social isolation which is a risk factor that influences the health of senior citizens and the quality of their lives. Originality/value: Some of the issues resulting from the adopted solutions and the legislation govern ing healthcare in Poland, including the digitalisation of said healthcare, and proposals for amend ments in this regard were provided in this interdisciplinary paper. It seems that those solutions could be used to reduce the threats of the digital exclusion of a significant part of Polish society, particularly in the group of seniors.

20

Koncept autonomie v medicíně : K teorii informovaného souhlasu a jeho aplikaci v českém zdravotnictví

88%

Kuře J.

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)

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2014

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vol. 62

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issue 6

895-908

XX

The paper begins with the question of the participation of human subjects in biomedical research, pointing a way from the first principle of the Belmont Report towards the concept of autonomy as expressed by informed consent. From the use of informed consent in experimental medicine, the paper then moves to the application of informed consent in clinical practice. Further, the paper outlines the cultural and philosophical context of the transformation of medicine into biomedicine from the perspective of human subject research, discussing the concept which has played the key role in the ethical framework of both experimental and clinical medicine in the Czech Republic. Finally the paper provides some critical notes on the concept of informed consent and its practice in Czech healthcare.

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