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EN
The wine sector is a sector that lives and breathes its history and identity; and where developmental alternatives are sought in order to be able to compete in the market. Vineyard areas are sold as rural paradises, where leisure, gastronomy, the landscape, and open-air activities all provide quality tourist experiences. The case of the Sherry Wine Region (Spain) illustrates local restructuring processes, changes in local-global planning, and the socioeconomic impacts of the globalization of food. The symbiosis between the specific, the global, and the historical discourses gives rise to reflections on this region's territorial redefinition; and highlights its architectural heritage, its landscape, and the gastronomic experiences on offer. Diversification is regenerating the local economy, and wine, and wine tourism, are both the focus of a new territorial policy strategy designed to face the challenges of globalization, and common bonds for partnerships between the public and the private sectors.
Human Affairs
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2015
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vol. 25
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issue 2
173-188
EN
The way in which folklorists study their “scientific subject”, that is the creativity and the rich ways people attach meanings to their existence, has often been considered to be static and decontextualized. An interest in popular culture for propaganda purposes is associated with past regimes. Therefore, the notion of “folklore” still carries contradictory meanings and connotations. The author starts from a debate prompted in Italy by Alberto M. Cirese: in recent decades, Italian “native” ethnology has focused on endangered village traditions rather than opening itself up to new instances of cultural change. The main risk was misrepresenting the methodology proposed by Antonio Gramsci in 1929. Today Italian research into folklore places the subject of “folklore” in its broadest context, investigating developments in society associated with the shift from a peasant to an industrial society, and embarking on additional research domains through transnational cultures. This research draws on the growing interest in cultural heritage in the public sphere, and, simultaneously, draws on recent advances in the study of uses of culture and memory. The paper studies two aspects of daily life: pure yarn handmade clothes and ornaments, and long-life tomato sauce. The study concludes that contemporary everyday folklore takes on many free and unofficial forms that call for a renewed approach. To evaluate the multiplicity of folklore meanings and their capacity to integrate interactions between the traditional and the contemporary in specific contexts, the author explores the practicality of a new idea of folklore as sustainable, popular, domestic creativity using material and immaterial goods. This idea implies a rethink of the concept of heritage and of the complexity of its increasingly official, bombastic and rhetorical manifestations
EN
Large-scale investment is routinely believed to be the main danger to urban heritage. The measures designed to sustain heritage thus traditionally focus on steering investment into respectful ways of real-estate development. The majority of Czech built heritage is, however, located in towns and villages that rather face economic decline. Losses of objects of heritage in such places are often due to lack of maintenance. The case study of this article discusses the issues of heritage protection and restoration of the Enlisted town zone of Mšeno, where affordability and communication of values are the key issues in heritage protection.
EN
The example of Mogila’a personal involvement in the cause of revival and reunification of Eastern Christianity in the Republic of Poland in the first half of the 17th century into one organism wins recognition among the supporters of the religious idea of unity. On the other hand, the methods that he used in the realization of his conception o f bringing the Churches together are an object of controversy among the Orthodox faithful. That is why today it is impossible to say univocally whether the Orthodox metropolitan can be a symbol of reconciliation.
EN
An overview of all the 1,973 songs that have appeared in seventy Estonian, Latvian, and Lithuanian national song celebration programmes from 1869 to the present day reveals a richly innovative, creative tradition: in each of the three festival repertoires, 74–84 percent of the songs were performed only once over the entire history of the national celebrations. When concert participants choose to repeat songs sung in previous years, they identify these songs as heritage. Sometimes, most notably in the retrospective Estonian programmes of 1969 and 2014, a large portion of the concert repertoire was repeated from the past. The tradition as a whole, however, is not necessarily past-oriented. Some celebrations have turned away from heritage. In the 1928 Estonian celebration, for example, only 2 percent of the programme (only one song) had ever been sung in an earlier celebration. This, too, is a heritage of song celebrations: future organisers are free to decide how many, if any, songs they wish to repeat from earlier festivals. The song festival tradition allows both innovative and conservative choice of repertoire at any given festival.
PL
The article presents an attempt to combine food studies (also termed the anthropology of food) with scholarly reflection regarding memory. The analysis focuses on the book entitled In Memory’s Kitchen. A Legacy from the Women of Terezin [ed. Cara de Silva 2006], containing recipes for Jewish dishes written down by women from the Teresienstadt ghetto. But some dozen recipes that have survived do not make it a cookbook, which is essentially meant to be functional. It is more of a remembrance, a testament, and also a source of knowledge of culture at a given point in time. It is also a testimonial document. Recipes collected by de Silva tell much about their authors. They define their roles as wives and mothers. In addition, the Terezin notes point to a culinary heritage, the religious principles of food preparation and the social and economical conditions that shaped the culinary preferences and the diets of women locked in the ghetto. The article demonstrates that the actions of preparing and consuming food are a constantly repeated practice, which is connected in a network of relationships with other practices. This practice it is anchored in the everyday life, embedded in the family’s biography and fused with childhood memories. Food is presented as a sign of identity, the social bond and the community of family and friends, and also as a gift that serves to uphold these ties.
EN
The article describes the process of the reconstruction and protection of the Polish minority and Polish heritage in Lviv after 1991. This process is presented in the context of Polish-Ukrainian relations. The author indicates the most important actors in this process, focusing on presenting this phenomenon in spatial terms. Next, he describes achievements and possibilities for further development, in addition to the causes and effects of the phenomenon.
PL
Artykuł wprowadza w problematykę tożsamości osobowej podkreślając szczególnie rolę poszukiwania początku i punktu odniesienia. Analizy prac artystek działających na przełomie XX i XXI wieku (Louise Bourgeois, Kary Walker, Eleanor Antin, Marty Deskur i Joan Jonas) ukazują, jak sztuka przedstawia powracanie do własnego dziedzictwa biologicznego i kulturowego („archiwów”) oraz wyraża napięcie między reinterpretacją i reprojektowaniem w odniesieniu do tożsamości konstruowanej w oparciu o takie powracanie. Ostatecznie poetyckość reinterpretacji okazuje się podpowiedzią metafizycznego punktu odniesienia.
EN
The article introduces the problem of personal identity studying in particular the role of searching the beginning and the reference point. An examination of the artists working at the turn of the century (Louise Bourgeois, Kara Walker, Eleanor Antin, Marty Deskur and Joan Jonas) presents how art shows return to personal biological and cultural heritage (“archive”) and expresses the tension between reinterpretation and re-projecting in the identity constructed on the basis of such return. Finally, poetic reinterpretation appears to suggest a metaphysical point of reference.
EN
This essay illustrates not only an initiative of yielding The European Heritage Label, but also the significance of that enterprise for the objects placed in the territory of Central-Eastern Europe. The cultural European Union project described in the article shows ambitious efforts of that institution in counscious creation of the own heritage. One of the aims of yielding The European Heritage Label is enforcement of effiliation with European Union among European citizens especially young people. In this context the important issue is the question of effectiveness of this enterprise.
EN
Botswana is known as a wilderness and safari-tourism destination, which attracts high-end overseas visitors to the country. Since the 1990s the country’s tourism policy has been based on a so called ‘High Value - Low Volume’ (HVLV) strategy referring to the aim of attracting limited numbers of tourists with high expenditure patterns. However, while such tourism operations have contributed to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country and offered investment opportunities for international companies, the position of Botswana as a HVLV destination is increasingly criticised. It is seen as offering too narrow prospects for the growth of the industry and for the local participation and benefit sharing in tourism in future. Hence, there is a need for diversification of the product with deeper involvement of local people to tourism. Therefore, communities and Botswana’s cultural and heritage attractions are increasingly seen as one of the future cornerstones of tourism development. This paper provides an overview of cultural tourism with specific reference to existing cultural and heritage attractions and the potential thereof for tourism in Botswana. The paper concludes that while the role of culture is still underutilised in tourism, the cultural tourism in Botswana has the potential to contribute to a more equitable distribution of tourism-based development and the related benefits for local communities.
XX
Over the past 20 years, Beirut has become a laboratory for post-war reconstruction. Certain parts of the city give the impression of an eternal construction site of a large-scale urban renewal experiment. The socio-spatial transformations attracted mixed reactions, and subsequently many concerns were voiced by residents, activists, and urban planners; some of them even argued that heritage had fallen victim to real estate development. This criticism, however, can also be viewed in terms of an aspiration for a better future, especially given that the idea of heritage has recently begun to gradually shift from a matter of "family legacy" to its understanding as a more collective phenomenon. This paper seeks to examine discourses and practices of urban heritage in post-war Beirut. More specifically, it explores how heritage discourses and practices are enacted by local actors, in particular the fishermen of al-Daliyeh and the Dictaphone Group. Drawing on Sharon Macdonald's notion of "past presencing", I focus on urban and socio-spatial dimensions of heritage-making in the Lebanese capital.
14
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Museum in memory culture

88%
EN
The revised publication (Muzeum w kulturze pamięci Rzeczpospolitej Obojga Narodów. Antologia najwcześniejszych tekstów [Museum in Memory Culture of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Anthology of the Earliest Texts], Vol. 1: 1766–1882, Vol. 2: 1882–1917, eds. Tomasz F. de Rosset, Michał F. Woźniak, Ewelina Bednarz Doiczmanowa, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, Toruń 2020), prepared as part of the research project financed with a grant from the National Programme of the Development of Humanities, constitutes a valuable example of primary source analyses which form grounds for the reflection on the history of Polish museology, particularly during Poland’s partitions, consistently leading to its synthesis. The publication is a precious reading supporting the research programme and the curriculum in disciplines related to museology and preservation of cultural heritage.
EN
The period since the 1960s has been characterised by growing societal concern with urban heritage protection and the development of legislative, fiscal and urban planning instruments that seek to ensure the protection and enhancement of historic buildings and environments. International organisations such as UNESCO and European level documents such as the European Spatial Development Perspective (ESDP) have stressed the cultural and economic value of the ‘wise management of natural and cultural heritage’. Since the 1970s many cities have sought to redefine and regenerate themselves through a revalorisation of their past and the protection and enhancement of their historic urban landscapes. Urban heritage has thus often come to be seen as a component of the territorial capital of places, and often had a symbiotic relationship with the objective of urban regeneration. However, urban heritage is not a static concept and ideas about what constitutes heritage, the value of different historic urban environments, and the contribution they can make to city development and regeneration continue to evolve. This paper reflects on this evolution in the context of the English planning system and illustrates some key trends and issues surrounding urban heritage through a consideration of recent and ongoing heritage related planning episodes in the northern English city of Liverpool.
16
88%
EN
In the paper the analysis of two newly published commentaries (2021) on the Act on Museums is conducted: the first commentary by A. Barbasiewicz, a lawyer specializing in cultural heritage, and the other by a team of scholars: Z. Cieślik, I. Gredka-Ligarska, P. Gwoździewicz- -Matan, I. Lipowicz, A. Matan, K. Zeidler specializing in administrative proceedings and legal protection of historic monuments. Both publications represent various perspectives on the same issue, thus complementing one another. The difference in the approach makes them both useful to experienced practitioners on the one hand and those who happen to confront these topics for the first time one the other. Importantly, both have been written in a clear language comprehensible to non-lawyers. Their high-rating cannot be diminished by the few critical remarks formulated in the paper.
XX
The article focuses on the practices and actions undertaken by different Polish and Jewish activists, descendants of Polish Jews, and institutions, such as the Jewish Community in Warsaw, the Mazovian Voivodeship Conservators Office, municipal offices and private non-governmental organizations, in an effort to document, preserve and commemorate a Jewish cemetery in Sobienie-Jeziory, a small town situated near Warsaw. By presenting the approach of all these aforementioned stakeholders, I try to examine the issue of preserving and commemorating Jewish burial grounds in Poland, and their place in the local memory and the space of those living next to them, those who interact with Jewish heritage on an everyday basis. The issue raised is, whether Jewish heritage can be acknowledged as Polish national heritage by the State, or as local heritage by the local inhabitants of neighbouring Polish towns and villages. I also present the understanding of the status of graves and cemeteries within the Jewish law and tradition, and by the Jewish descendents of the deceased, and the actual maintenance of these sites.
EN
From the beginning of metal-detector based archaeology practiced by members of the public, the formal heritage sector in Denmark determined to pursue a liberal model based on cooperation and inclusion rather than confrontation and criminalization. Based on the findings of the ‘2015 Danish detectorists survey’ it is argued that Danish metal-detector archaeology has challenged the classic division of roles in archaeology and heritage management, and that at least a large proportion of Danish detectorists practice their hobby adhering to the highest professional standards, which stand in sharp contrast to the often-cited stereotype of the detectorists as mere ‘treasure hunter’.
19
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Preface

88%
XX
The need to redefi ne Australia has been particularly urgent in the recent two decades when the image of this antipodean society as almost a model multicultural one, craving for freedom and tolerance, was demolished by growing intolerance and nationalisms. In today’s world, torn by confl icts of interests, racial hatred and social divisions, the nineteenth-century concept of a nation and national ideology, which only apparently faded away in the era of the late twentieth-century globalisation, is now being given a new prominence not just by minor politicians who want to win the favour of their electorates but by surprisingly large sections of democratic, egalitarian societies as Australia and New Zealand.
XX
This paper argues that ‘heritage’ is not a ‘thing’, place or an intangible event, but rather it is a performance or cultural process concerned with negotiating, creating and recreating cultural memories, values and meanings. This process is obscured by the authorized heritage discourse (or AHD). The paper critically analyses the AHD and draws on three case studies from England to illustrate some of the cultural work the heritage performance undertakes.
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