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Польские пленники северокавказских горцев в первой половине XIX в.

100%
Клычников Ю.
Acta Polono-Ruthenica
|
2019
|
vol. Tom 4 Nr XXIV
173-182
EN
The work reveals the circumstances of the appearance of the Poles in the North Caucasus and their stay in the captivity of the highlanders. The reasons for this phenomenon and the attitude of the Russian administration to the practice of the slave trade are shown. The article describes the fate of those people who were able to free themselves and find salvation in the Russian fortifications. It is suggested that, having experienced slavery, the former slaves changed their appraisal of the Russian state which, in this situation, was their protector and liberator. In the research, for the first time, the material identified in the State Archives of the Stavropol Region of the Russian Federation is introduced into scientific circulation.
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Поляки на Кавказе в отчетах III Отделения собственной Его Императорского Величества канцелярии

100%
Klychnikov Y.
Acta Polono-Ruthenica
|
2020
|
vol. Tom 4 Nr XXV
25-38
RU
Статья посвящена рассмотрению работы жандармов, занимавшихся выявлением нелояльно относящихся к имперской власти поляков. На примере дел, которые расследовались представителями власти, показываются различные нюансы во взаимоотношениях между официальным Петербургом и теми польскими сол-датами и офицерами, которые оказались на Кавказе в период активного вооружен-ного противостояния России с частью горских народов края. Объясняются мотивы имевшего место предубеждения к выходцам из Царства Польского. Одновременно демонстрируются примеры добросовестной службы поляков, которые находились на хорошем счету у начальства и служили примером верности присяге. Показано стремление жандармов раскрыть подлинную суть происшествий, связанных с дея-тельностью лиц, подозреваемых в симпатии к революционным идеям. В работе использованы материалы, ранее не вводившиеся в научный оборот и выявленные в центральных и региональных архивах Российской Федерации, что и обусловило применение обширных цитат в тексте исследования.
EN
This article describes the work of gendarmes involved in identifying Poles disloyal to imperial power. Based on cases that were investigated by the authorities, various nuances are shown in the relationship between officials in Petersburg and Polish soldiers and officers who were in the Caucasus during the period of active armed confrontation between Russia and various mountain peoples of the region. The motives of the prejudice towards immigrants from the Kingdom of Poland are explained. At the same time, exam-ples are shown of the good faith service of the Poles, who were in good standing with the authorities and served as an example of fidelity to an oath. The desire of the gendarmes to reveal the true essence of the incidents related to the activities of persons suspected of sym-pathy for revolutionary ideas is shown. The article uses materials that were not previously introduced into scientific circulation and identified in the central and regional archives of the Russian Federation, which led to the use of extensive citations in the text of the study.
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