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Prawo naturalne wobec wyczynu ekstremalnego wspinacza – agonisty stadionu górskiego

100%
Pawłucki A.
Rozprawy Naukowe Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu
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2015
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vol. 48
4-16
EN
The paper gives moral evaluation of feats done by extreme athletes who participate voluntarily in life-threatening stunts or races. The evaluation of the rightness of such extreme feats was based on the first principles of natural law. The law of nature obliges everybody to preserve their lives and forbids acts against one’s own life (do not kill yourself). Extreme athletes differ from others in terms of the attitude to the ontological structure of existence: from negation and mockery of life in the case of nihilists to a praise of life in the case of athletes and goes even further in the case of Olympic athletes who embrace the pro-life civilization through their participation in the peace utopia. In this paper, the author justified the sporting premise for mountaineers to do extreme climbing. In the conclusion, the author admits that extreme feats of mountaineers is justified because these athletes, like Olympic ones, follow sports ethics and at the same time the moral value of existence. Although they consciously risk their lives, when they actually face death they do not give up and fight heroically to survive. This attitude is sufficient to evaluate the mountaineer’s performance which is on the verge of death as morally right.
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Przeżycie górskie jako rozmycie granic w Nieuchwytnych szczytach Victora Saundersa i Czterech dniach słońca Adama Skoczylasa

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Witt M.
Góry, Literatura, Kultura
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2017
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vol. 11
331-341
EN
The article is an analysis of Adam Skoczylas’ Cztery dni słońca (Four Days of Sunshine) and Victor Saunders’ Elusive Summits, works that are part of mountain literature, the boundaries of which are set, on the one hand, by the unique context of writing involving a close relation between life and work; and on the other by unique reception involving a relation between the author and the reader based on shared experiences, on which this reception depends. The factor that became a condition for the emergence of such literature was a unique way of looking at the mountains, characteristic of mountaineers exploring the Tatras, the Alps and then also the Himalayas. It becomes a starting point for narrative as well as a condition for forming a reader group. A characteristic feature of the works discussed in the article is their narrative emphasising the intensity of sensations accompanying experiences in the mountains.
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Wertykalna izolacja. Górska proza Tadeusza Piotrowskiego

100%
Kaliszuk P.
Napis. Pismo poświęcone literaturze okolicznościowej i użytkowej
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2021
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vol. 27: IZOLACJA I KOMUNIKACJA – ROZWAŻANIA NAD FORMAMI KOMUNIKACJI LITERACKIEJ I KULTUROWEJ
134-153
EN
The article is concerned with the writings of the Polish mountaineer, Tadeusz Piotrowski. The author considers the relationship between the experiences of vertical space, plot and subjectivity. He analyses Piotrowski’s writing, in an attempt at identifying characteristic elements of the climber’s discourse in the context of sincerity and autobiographical narrative. Tadeusz Piotrowski’s story is defined by modernity, accumulating in ‘the Self ’ the subsequent paradoxes resulting from contradictions within key concepts of truth, authenticity and sincerity. The climber’s discourse tries to reconcile the desire to repeat the vertical movement within textual representation, and the idiomatic expression of the subject. The text exposes the paradoxical status of the autobiography situated beyond truth and falsehood, while, at the same time, remaining the most effective tool for communicating mountaineering experiences.
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Historia polskiego himalaizmu. Lodowi Wojownicy i ich wpływ na himalaizm światowy

100%
Kastrau K.
Góry, Literatura, Kultura
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2017
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vol. 11
423-440
EN
The history of Polish Himalayan mountaineering, i.e. all ascended summits, new routes and records, is extremely rich and fascinating. It is impossible to describe all of this on just a few pages, which is why the aim of my paper is to describe the most outstanding expeditions, those that completely changed our thinking about Himalayan mountaineering and showed that we can deceive not only our bodies but also our subconscious. The first attempts to ascend an eight-thousander were made as early as in the 1920s; unfortunately, they all failed. Owing to the harsh conditions in the mountains, the first successful ascent of an eight-thousander did not take place until 1950, when Annapurna was ascended. The first Polish expedition was organised in 1939. Unfortunately, the Second World War and the political situation in Poland prevented Polish climbers from making further attempts for many years. The political situation in the country made it impossible for Poles to travel abroad. But Himalayan mountaineering at the time was developing very rapidly. The Poles, hungry for success, wanted to go down in history. Given the fact that all eight-thousanders had already been ascended, the Poles began a new chapter — winter Himalayan mountaineering, challenging Edmund Hillary’s assertion that in winter no form of life had a chance to survive over 7000 metres above sea level. In my paper I focus on presenting the most remarkable achievements. I describe the Golden Age of Polish Himalayan mountaineering, like the first winter ascent of Everest or Krzysztof Wielicki’s extraordinary one-day ascent of Broad Peak. There is also room for expeditions featuring Jerzy Kukuczka, an icon of Himalayan mountaineering. Climbing two eight-thousanders in one winter season and establishing a new route on K2 are still unbeaten feats. A part of my paper is devoted to women. The first all-female expeditions headed by Wanda Rutkiewicz were also a Polish domain. The number of great achievements in the mountains are truly numerous. Each of them in described in the paper, as is the death of the greatest Himalayan climbers, which led to a crisis and revisions. The paper ends with a fragment concerning an attempt to revive Polish Himalayan mountaineering.
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Zmierzch alpinizmu?

100%
Stępień T.
Świat i Słowo
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2013
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vol. 11
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issue 2(21)
225-234
EN
The essay presents the changes in Polish and world alpinism / Himalaya mountaineering perceived as a particular cultural practice. Commercialization of high-mountain mountaineering (symbolized by crowds of rich amateurs climbing the Mount Everest) and pursuing personal success at any price (the case of Polish Broad Pick winter expedition) lead to tragedies and erosion of ideology and ethos of this once elite sport. In spite of this high (and the highest) mountains remain an object of interest for professional alpinists and ever growing group of high-mountain tourists.
6

Etyczny wymiar ryzyka w sporcie

100%
Wróbel J.
Roczniki Teologiczne
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2019
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vol. 66
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issue 3: Teologia moralna
129-146
PL
Autor omawia problem etycznego wymiaru ryzyka, które towarzyszy większości dyscyplin sportowych. Ich uprawianie tylko wyjątkowo stwarza poważne problemy moralne. Z reguły stają się one środkiem służącym zdrowiu fizycznemu i duchowemu człowieka. Praktykowanie sportów ekstremalnych i sportów wysokiego ryzyka może służyć rozwojowi duchowemu i moralnemu człowieka. Musi ono jednak spełnić warunki ogólnego i specjalistycznego bezpieczeństwa oraz musi mu towarzyszyć gotowość rezygnacji z dalszej wspinaczki, kiedy realne zagrożenie przekracza roztropnie ocenione możliwości himalaisty.
EN
The author discusses the problem of the ethical dimension of risk that accompanies most of sports disciplines. Their practicing only exceptionally creates serious moral problems. As a rule, they become a means for human physical and spiritual health. Practicing extreme sports and high-risk sports can serve the spiritual and moral development of man. However, it must meet the requirements of general and specialist security and must be accompanied by readiness to resign from further climbing, when the real threat exceeds the prudently assessed climber's capabilities.
7
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Zmierzch indywidualizmu? Wokół koncepcji neoplemion Michela Maffesoliego na przykładzie himalaizmu

80%
Szpunar M.
Horyzonty Wychowania
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2013
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vol. 12
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issue 24
109-127
EN
The article raises issues related to the concept neo-tribes developed by a French sociologist Michel Maffesoli, which is treated as opposition to the concept of individualism currently popular in the scientific discourse. The author polemicizes with the idea of a liquid life by arguing that the key need in human life is to belong to some community. The reflections on the nature of neo-tribes are referred to Himalayan mountaineering, treated as a form of escapism from tribal communities, and at the same time as a tool for self-discovery.
PL
Artykuł podejmuje kwestie związane z koncepcją neoplemion francuskiego socjologa Michela Maffesoliego, którą traktuje jako opozycyjną wobec popularnej obecnie w dyskursie naukowym koncepcji indywidualizmu. Autorka polemizuje z teorią płynnego życia, przekonując, iż najważniejszą potrzebą w życiu człowieka jest przynależność do jakieś wspólnoty. Rozważania dotyczące istoty neoplemion odnosi do himalaizmu, traktując go jako formę eskapizmu od wspólnot plemiennych, a jednocześnie jako narzędzie samopoznania.
8
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Pionowy schemat doświadczeń. Relacje podróżnicze himalaistów (Jerzy Kukuczka, Adam Bielecki)

71%
Kaliszuk P.
Forum Poetyki
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2018
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issue 11-12
48-63
EN
This article explores travel narratives in texts by Himalayan climbers. The author examines the modern provenance of the discourse of high mountain climbers, using two books as case studies: one written by Jerzy Kukuczka, and the other by Adam Bielecki. The article identifies the essential features of Himalayan narratives: the experience of space and vertical movement as a stylistic and narrative challenge, the relationship between memory, authenticity and autobiography, and finally, the textualization of experience as a stand-in for the climbing practice.
PL
Artykuł dotyczy problematyki narracji podróżniczej w tekstach himalaistów. Autor rozważa kwestię nowoczesnej proweniencji dyskursu wspinaczy wysokogórskich na przykładzie dwóch książek: Jerzego Kukuczki i Adama Bieleckiego. Wskazuje na kluczowe cechy narracji himalaistów: doświadczenie przestrzeni i ruch pionowy jako wyzwanie stylistyczno-narracyjne, związek pamięci, autentyzmu i autobiografii, a także zagadnienie tekstowego utrwalania doświadczenia jako ekwiwalentu praktyki wspinaczki.
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