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EN
The paper aims to outline how video games Valiant Hearts: The Great War (Ubisoft Montpellier, 2014) and My Memory of Us (Juggler Games, 2018) use narrative and ludic structures to create commemorative stories about the First World War and the Second World War. The author refer to the concept of historical culture (among others, in Jörn Rüsen’s interpretation) and examine the connections between the two video games focusing on the issue of designers’ intentions (digital games as examples of the commemoration of the past), the genre similarity (2D platform games), the intermedial convergence and the press reception. He discusses the strategy of the cultural agreement between designers and users, analyzes historical narratives as a part of the gameplay, examines relations between the individual and collective’s perspective and characterizes immersion’s mechanisms which reinforce players’ identification with the victims of both wars.
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PL
Artykuł zaczyna się od przeglądu wybranych trendów we współczesnej heritologii i od charakterystyki sprzecznych dyskursów na temat dziedzictwa Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów. Ten wstęp teoretyczny prowadzi do analizy wybranych gier osadzonych w pierwszej Rzeczypospolitej: narracyjna gra fabularna Dzikie Pola, karciana Veto!, figurkowa Ogniem i mieczem oraz komputerowa Mount & Blade: Ogniem i mieczem. Gry są tu umieszczone jako „praktyki dziedzictwa” w kontekście międzynarodowej debaty heritologicznej i polskiej debaty nad spuścizną epoki sarmackiej. Analiza zwraca uwagę i na cechy formalne gier i na wypowiedzi ankietowanych graczy oraz twórców/wydawców. Patrząc od strony twórców, każda z gier była celowo konstruowana (lub adaptowana) jako nośnik dziedzictwa narodowego, promując tradycje sarmackie jako składnik tożsamości osobistej i grupowej. Od strony użytkowników – granie w gry sarmackie często łączy się z innymi aktywnościami o tej tematyce: gra taka albo rozbudza, albo odpowiada na szersze zainteresowanie historią i kulturą tej epoki.
EN
This paper starts with an overview of trends in contemporary heritage studies, and an introduction to the conflicting discourses about the heritage of the Polish-Lithuanian (“Sarmatian”) Commonwealth (1569–1795). Together, the two theoretical sections form a basis for the analysis of selected historical games: tabletop RPG Dzikie Pola, collectible card game Veto!, miniature wargame By Fire and Sword, and video game Mount & Blade: With Fire and Sword. The games are positioned as “heritage practices” in the context of the contemporary English-speaking debate on heritage and the Polish debate on the Sarmatian legacy. The analysis refers to the formal features of the games, and to survey responses from players and creators/publishers. From the creators’ side, each game was intentionally created (or adapted) as a vehicle of national heritage in order to promote the Sarmatian legacy as an element of personal and social identities. From the players’ side, playing a Sarmatian game is frequently connected with other Sarmatia-themed activities, either sparking off or fueling a general interest in the culture and history of this period.
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