Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 2

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  historical scientific instruments
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1

The World Inventory of Historical Scientific Instruments – The Polish Contribution

100%
Wyka E.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
|
2020
|
vol. 65
|
issue 1
81–99
EN
The article is devoted to a project carried out after the Second World War by historians of science whose aim was to explore the world heritage of historical scientific instruments. The article presents the results of research whose purpose was to learn the methods of implementation and the results of compiling an inventory of historical scientific instruments preserved in Poland after World War II. The Commission pour l’inventaire mondial des appareils scientifiques d’intérêt historique (the Commission for the World Inventory of Scientific Instruments) was founded in 1956 at the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science in Paris – the Division of the History of Science. The aim of the Commission was to coordinate work on the implementation of a world inventory of historical scientific instruments. The concept of the inventory card was prepared, and the criteria for the selection of historical instruments for the inventory and deadlines for the project were set. Members from at least 29 countries participated in the works of the Commission. The project was implemented by European science and technology museums and national academies of sciences. The collected data was recorded on index cards which were prepared, among others, by French, Italian, Belgian, Czech, and Polish researchers. A Russian catalogue was published. In Poland in 1959–1963, work on the inventory was conducted by the Department of History of Science and Technology of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Queries were commissioned to Tadeusz Przypkowski, a science historian, collector, and expert on gnomonics. For the world inventory, he selected about one hundred of the most valuable science objects from the collections of Polish museums and other institutions. Nearly 20% of those were gnomonic objects, the remaining part consisted of astronomical instruments, pharmacy instruments and individual objects pertaining to other fields of science. Works on the national inventory of historical scientific instruments were also carried out under the guidance of Przypkowski. The preserved documents do not allow us to determine at what stage these works stopped. Currently, the project ‘National inventory of historical scientific instruments’ is being implemented at the L. & A. Birkenmajer Institute for the History of Science of the Polish Academy of Sciences. It aims to create an electronic database of historical scientific instruments which have been preserved in Polish museums. The project has been financed by the National Science Centre Poland (Research project: OPUS 13 No. 2017/25/B/HS3/01829).
2
Content available remote

" Do not kill guinea pig before setting up apparatus" : the kymograph's lost educational context

100%
Kwan A.
Teorie vědy (Theory of Science)
|
2016
|
vol. 38
|
issue 3
301-335
EN
The objects of science education are transformed, degraded and disappeared for many reasons, and sometimes take other things with them when they go. This close reading of an undergraduate physiology laboratory report demonstrates how the kymograph was never a stand-alone instrument, but intertwined with conceptual frameworks and technical skills, laboratory amenities, materials, animal supply, technicians. Replacing the obsolete kymograph entails changing all of that, though our usual stories are focussed on progress associated with better measurements with fewer complications, not complications themselves. Such interconnectedness between progress and demise raises uncomfortable challenges for laboratory pedagogy, and for museum practice: what is laboratory education really about, and what kinds of heritage should museums, libraries and archives preserve to document it?
CS
Předměty, které jsou využívány ve˝výuce věd, podléhají transformacím, degradacím či celkovému ústupu z mnoha různých důvodů. Stává se také, že s sebou cestou strhávají i  své okolí. Níže předkládaná analýza zápisů z  vysokoškolské laboratoře fyziologie činí zjevným, že kymograf nikdy nebyl samostatně funkčním instrumentem, nýbrž že byl vetkán do  sítě konceptuálních rámců, technické zručnosti, širšího laboratorního vybavení, potřebných materiálů, pokusných zvířat či také technických pracovníků. Mnohé z těchto věcí jsou nákladné či jinak problematické, a tak vylepšení, kterých se kymografu během několika desetiletí dostávalo, směřovala právě k  odstranění původních komplikací. Co dalšího bylo ale s  nimi potichu opuštěno? Odstraňované komplikace se ve skutečnosti podílely na vytváření svébytné laboratorní kultury, kdy na  sebe vázaly celou řadu později opouštěných výukových aktivit. Spoluvytvářely koncept bezprostředního a  hmatatelného „experimentu“ a přímo zakoušených „dat“, tedy něco zcela odlišného od  později preferovaných neviditelných mechanismů elektronické instrumentace. Nejednoznačnost vztahu mezi pokrokem a  překonáváním stárnoucího klade laboratorní pedagogice stejně jako kurátorské praxi nepříjemné otázky: co výuka laboratorních prací ve skutečnosti obnáší a jaký typ vědeckého archivu by měl být pěstován, aby bylo svědectví o této praxi zachováno?
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.