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EN
Professor Zbyněk Žába laid, through his scholarly and organizational activities at the end of the 1950s and during the 1960s, the foundations for today’s success of the Czech Egyptology. In addition to extensive archaeological rescue operations in Lower Nubia, he intensely devoted his attention to the archaeological excavation of the mastaba of vizier Ptahshepses built in the central part of the Abusir necropolis (1960–1970). Despite the fact that Žába was a philologist, he tried to use up-to-date archaeological methods in his work. The unearthing of Ptahshepses’ tomb became Žába’s most important achievement in the field of Egyptian archaeology.
EN
Zbyněk Žába’s (1917–1971) anniversary reminds us of several decades of history of Czechoslovak Egyptology which was tied very closely to individual scholarly biographies and only relatively recently obtained an institutional history. Aspects of the life of Žába, who was sometimes viewed as a controversial figure, are set against the backdrop of coeval events. The contribution highlights some paradoxes inherent to a work of an international scholar tied to a country on the Soviet side of the Iron curtain, including his attempts to balance the requirements of a national institutional scholarship and the inherently international character of his discipline. The foundations for the Czechoslovak Institute of Egyptology were laid successfully in the complex period of the late 1950s.
EN
The 1960s rescue campaign in Nubia offered a unique opportunity to the Czechoslovak Institute of Egyptology which had only just been established. Its new team took part in an extensive as well as intensive campaign, which included epigraphic surveys as well as excavations and anthropol ogical research concerning present-day Nubia. Expedition preparations and logistics were complicated by the partic ular conditions in the then Czechoslovakia. Behind- the-scenes pressures were high; despite politically motivated difficulties and a demanding programme, the series of Nubian expeditions was a success story, result - ing in respect ed specialist publications and a positive general public response on an international as well as national level.
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