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The Concept of Research on Economic Crime in the Context of the Research Task “Optimization of Evidence, Forensic and Operational Activities in Cases of Economic Crime From the Perspective of Law Enforcement Authorities”.

100%

Porwisz M.

Internal Security

2020

vol. 12(1)

45-53

The aim of the publication is to outline the concept of research in the area of economic crime, which has been outlined on the basis of the undertaken research issues related to the implementation of the research task, entitled: “Optimization of evidence, forensic and operational activities in cases of economic crime from the perspective of law enforcement authorities”, which will allow to create an effective model for combating it. In the article, current research problems have been identified. The research project will include actions aimed at defining, designing and then determining the possibility of implementing practical tools to increase the effectiveness of law enforcement. An important research element, which is a basis for formulating specific conclusions and recommendations, will be to conduct a survey of opinions and expectations of practitioners concerning the possibilities of improving the detection process. The assumed research concept also involves diagnosing economic crimes (in terms of evidence, forensic and operational aspects). There are cases of evidence-intensive, multi-aspect cases in which the methods of action of the perpetrators constitute a challenge for law enforcement agencies in the legal or tactical aspect. Corresponding to the diagnosed research problems, several research levels have been proposed, such as causes, scale of economic crime, dynamics of crime, methods and mechanisms of committing crimes, and ways of counteracting them. As a result of in-depth research on the phenomenon of economic crime, proposals for specific solutions will be worked out, which may constitute a specific compendium of knowledge on the issues raised. The research concept covers a wide range of issues that correspond to the current challenges in combating this type of crime. A detailed description of the problems, and the research concept adopted allows us to conclude that the results of the research may be theoretically valuable and useful for science and practice. This publication constitutes a preliminarily research concept adopted within the framework of the research task INP-2/2018/P/MP funded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education.

"Hypotheses fingimus": Cartesian natural philosophy

84%

Špelda D.

Teorie vědy (Theory of Science)

2021

vol. 43

issue 2

165-190

In this paper, I would like to present the methodological views of two representatives of the early modern Cartesian school: Jacques Rohault and Pierre-Sylvain Régis. Firstly, I want to present the methodological objections of Cartesians to Aristotelian and Scholastic natural philosophy. Then, I want to show how Cartesians strived for a combination of empirical and speculative procedures in their explanations of natural processes. Lastly, I would like to explain the reasons and forms of the hypothetical methodology which was significant for Cartesian natural philosophy. My aim is to refute the idea of the methodological naivety of Cartesians and point out the importance of hypothetical reasoning in the genesis of modern science.

V tomto článku chci představit metodologické názory dvou představitelů novověké karteziánské školy: Jacquese Rohaulta a Pierre-Sylvaina Régise. Předně chci představit metodologické námitky karteziánů proti aristotelské a scholastické filosofii. Dále chci ukázat, jak karteziáni usilovali o kombinaci empirických a spekulativních postupů v jejich vysvětleních přírodních procesů. A nakonec chci vysvětlit důvody a formy hypotetické metodologie, která byla příznačná pro karteziánskou přírodní filosofii. Mým cílem je vyvrátit myšlenku metodologické naivity karteziánů a zdůraznit úlohu hypotetického uvažování při utváření moderní vědy.

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The Concept of Research on Economic Crime in the Context of the Research Task “Optimization of Evidence, Forensic and Operational Activities in Cases of Economic Crime From the Perspective of Law Enforcement Authorities”.

"Hypotheses fingimus": Cartesian natural philosophy