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1

Frazeologie a idiomatika: Jejich podstata a proměnlivost názorů na ně

100%

Čermák F.

Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)

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2016

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vol. 98

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issue 2

199-217

EN

The paper addresses most of the current problems in phraseology. General observations on the universal character of idioms and the major aspects of the topic are followed by critical analysis of a prototypical statement about the essential nature of idioms. Much of the analysis centres around the notions of analogy and anomaly. The paper considers the form of the idiom, its analysability, modifiability and metaphoric character, and then challenges the current views on these. Next, the discussion of the idiom and its meaning returns to metaphor and hypothetical decomposition and briefly summarises some of the semantic features of idioms. It suggests that the function of idioms, and the issues of their form and meaning, are best revealed through the character and type of their textual anomalies. The author then presents his views on idioms and their study, referring to analogy and anomaly, regular and irregular language and especially language combinatorics. His approach was tested on data collected for a comprehensive four-volume dictionary of Czech idioms. The paper describes types of combinations and the crucial notions of collocational and virtual paradigms. It offers and exemplifies definitions of idioms and a test for the identification of idioms in text, and a desideratum for further testing of the proposed theory.

2

Férovost rekognice

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Trojanová H., Boukalová H.

Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)

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2020

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vol. 64

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issue 3

360-370

EN

Criminalistic recognition is a very important source of information in the criminal proceedings, but it can be a source of many mistakes. It involves a recognition of the previously perceived object by the identifying person, with the aim of identifying the object. Identifying a person as one of its forms is very interesting from a psychological point of view, and a deeper understanding of the factors that appear throughout the process contributes to the prevention of erroneous procedures. The article deals with one of these effects, the so-called line-up fairness. A fair line-up exposes the suspect to be identified by the ratio: 1 / number of subjects. Unfair lineup increases the possibility of his / her identification, regardless of his / her guilt. The suspect involved in the line-up need not be the perpetrator. The article summarizes the history of this phenomenon, deals with the research of line-up fairness from the psychological point of view, focuses on the key variables of line-up fairness, introduces the procedure of creating a fair lineup and brings information about calculating the line-up fairness. Among the principles that Anglo-Saxon practice regards as key to the line-up fairness there are: the use of a sufficient number of recruits who are similar in physical appearance to the extent that the suspect’s identity is not obvious to the identifying person. While sufficient is meant in England eight, in the US six people. In the Czech Republic, the minimum required is three foils. Fillers should be at least five and no more than eight. Given the diversity of facial and body features in general, it is problematic to specify clearly the degree of similarity and how to build optimally a fair line-up.

CS

Článek shrnuje vybrané poznatky k problematice férovosti kriminalistické rekognice (identifikace očitým svědkem). Stručně se věnuje historii zkoumání této problematiky. Zaměřuje se na důležité aspekty férovosti, jimiž je přítomnost pachatele v rekognici a roli popisu pachatele při vytváření rekognice. Věnuje se experimentálnímu ověření kroků vytváření rekognice a v závěru také způsobům výpočtu férovosti rekognice.

3

„Trocha jen vody nás dělí!“ O ubíhání, úběžníku, o navigaci

51%

Kordík P.

Slovo a smysl - Word & Sense

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2018

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vol. 15

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issue 29

67-86

EN

The topic of our deliberation is resonance as an issue of understanding ourselves and the world, — an understanding that is undoubtedly related to speech. Resonance, as an issue, opened by senses in the world; an issue opening for senses and in the world; resonance as a matter of senses, whose sensorium commune is the body: becoming of the body (the body-becoming), therefore always a question of identity and difference (identifying and identified, marking and marked, differentiating and differentiated). The subject of our deliberation is the undulation that shapes cannot be represented by the shape of the wave or by the sum of individual shapes of the waves (any confirmation, reassuring of My-self in a shape or by a shape is always seriously threatened by the disintegration of Me). So, if Eastern thought says “the shape is empty”, besides the philosopher of being and existence, besides the phenomenologist, besides the metaphysician, besides the philosopher of the body, besides the philosopher of significance, in our reflection we also recognize the philosopher of emptiness.

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1 Slovo a smysl - Word & Sense

1 Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)

1 Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)

1 Boukalová H.

1 Kordík P.

1 Trojanová H.

1 Čermák F.

1 2020

1 2018

1 2016

Frazeologie a idiomatika: Jejich podstata a proměnlivost názorů na ně

Férovost rekognice

„Trocha jen vody nás dělí!“ O ubíhání, úběžníku, o navigaci