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PL
This article is about immigrants’ perceptions of their host society and cultural differences. The analysis is based on twenty in-depth interviews conducted in 2018 with persons from Turkey working in Poland. Their narratives are a rich source of information about the challenges of the integration process and about the opportunities and dilemmas of ethnically and religiously diverse groups in Polish society, which is becoming increasingly multicultural. The respondents pointed to the recent noticeable deterioration in the attitude of Poles toward foreigners in general, which translates into more negative attitudes toward Turks. The cultural differences most commonly noticed related to work culture and working conditions. Although Poland’s fairly large ethnic uniformity was mostly declared to be a hindrance in the adaptation process, some immigrants saw it as strengthening social cohesion and facilitating adaptation to life in the new country. In defining the cultural differences and expectations of the host society, the foreigners became more aware of the values, practices, and attitudes with which they had become acquainted. Some interviewees did not define the differences they observed as traits of the sending or receiving society but rather “de-nationalized” the differences and referred to other categories of diversity, for example, of a class nature.
EN
This article discusses attitudes towards immigrants demonstrated by professionals who are in contact with them by virtue of their professional obligations. The article is both theoretical and practical in nature since intense negative attitudes towards immigrants can have far-reaching consequences for the hosts and the received. The study group consisted of teachers, health care professionals and uniformed services (border guards and prison guards). The cross-sectional survey was conducted using the author’s own tool for the diagnosis of attitudes towards migrants (Questionnaire of Attitudes towards Migrants, QATM). The research covered 347 people. Its aim was to identify the determinants of positive attitudes towards immigrants. The results indicate that the positive drivers are gender, intensity of contact, place of residence, age, having children and education.
PL
Artykuł prezentuje refleksję nad postawami wobec imigrantów osób będących z nimi w kontakcie z racji pełnionych funkcji zawodowych. Ma on charakter zarówno poznawczy, jaki i praktyczny, gdyż natężenie negatywnych postaw wobec imigrantów może mieć daleko idące konsekwencje dla przyjmujących i przyjmowanych. Badaną grupę stanowili nauczyciele, pracownicy służby zdrowia oraz służb mundurowych (straż graniczna i straż więzienna). Przekrojowe badanie przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem autorskiego narzędzia do diagnozy postaw wobec migrantów (Kwestionariusz postaw wobec migrantów). Objęto nim 347 osób. Jego celem było określenie czynników warunkujących pozytywną postawę wobec imigrantów. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że tymi czynnikami są płeć, intensywność kontaktów, miejsce zamieszkania, wiek, posiadanie dzieci oraz wykształcenie.
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