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EN
Pedagogical communication is an action wherein the body, being a part of a relational whole, performs a fundamental role. A bibliographical survey of studies on the interaction between teacher and student confirms that there is a strong correlation between the teacher’s nonverbal behavior and the students’ level of motivation and proficiency. Nonverbal communication constitutes an indispensable vehicle for the teacher’s affections, intentions and attitudes towards her students, and vice-versa. Nonverbal elements are potential promoters of immediacy, i.e., the sensation of proximity between interacting agents, which is created by the communicative behaviors. The goal of this paper is to explore some relevant aspects for the empirical study of immediacy in a pedagogical environment. It starts off from the researcher’s self-narrative based upon reports of her pedagogical experiences and proceeds with an elaboration of communicative immediacy and its impact upon the pedagogical relationship and the narrator herself.
EN
The article describes certain changes that have taken place over the last several years in the temporal perspective found in documentary films. Humanity’s current technological and media environment are influencing the documentary’s content and means of expression. They express a “universal present”, as Mirosław Przylipiak has pointed out, under the influence of television, and the former dominance of statements addressed to the camera gave way to looks into the past. At present, the documentary is once again shifting its orientation toward a strictly defined and changing form of the present. Time in the temporally non-linear works commonly found among contemporary documentaries has become fragmented and individualized. There is also a tendency in non-fiction works to strive for immersion – focusing on the experience of time rather than the telling of a story.
EN
The author presents Gernot Böhme’s median mode of being theory, which attempts to find an anthropological middle ground between the rational and the irrational, the spiritual and the corporeal and the active and passive in human experience. Böhme’s reflections on the median mode of being are normative in character and linked to the concept of “sovereign man,” which he strongly defends and whose main characteristics Hoffmann outlines in the first part of the essay. Among others, Hoffmann argues against Böhme’s excessive emphasis on the controlling/restrictive functions of awareness at the cost of those functions which serve to protect and stimulate life, his non-distinction between the distance to a cognized object and its intellectual instrumentalisation, and his rather one-sided tendency to seek the sources of European rationalism in the Socra-tean tradition.
EN
The issue of criminal law is constantly present in press materials. Crime, for the media, is news. It occurs when we talk about the act of a particular person and the equally concrete, often extremely dramatic situation in which the act is done. Information about the applicable regulations is given primarily in the context of the application of the law. For the media, the report of a crime, trial and verdict are circumstances that are a pretext for discussing matters of criminal law. The message is characterized by personalization, dramatization and immediacy. Usually the message is simplistic and selective.
PL
Problematyka prawa karnego jest stale obecna w materiałach prasowych. Przestępstwo dla mediów to news. A jest nim wtedy, gdy mówimy o czynie konkretnej osoby i równie konkretnej, często niezwykle dramatycznej sytuacji, w jakiej do niego dochodzi. Informacje o obowiązujących przepisach przekazywane są przede wszystkim w kontekście stosowania prawa. Doniesienie o przestępstwie, proces i wyrok to dla mediów okoliczności stanowiące pretekst do podjęcia zagadnień z obszaru prawa karnego. Przekaz ten cechuje m.in. personalizacja, dramatyzacja i natychmiastowość. Zazwyczaj jest on uproszczony i wybiórczy.
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