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EN
The artistic discourse through a text message in the verbal expression accumulates the cultural and social information, displays time, social structure, the relationship of people. The interpretation of the artistic discourse allows us to combine the process of mastering of the language units, thematic layers of vocabulary and concepts with the formation of linguocultural competences of the students. Under the cross-cultural communication refers to the ability of the students to live in conditions of globalization, to conduct the dialogue linguocultural between civilizations, cultures and peoples, based on mutual understanding and respect, build bridges between cultures and to protect identity. An important feature of the artistic discourse is the emotional component, because the function of this kind of discourse is to create a sensory image, figurative and aesthetic transformation of reality and all these by means of the language. Emotional vocabulary is only one of the important elements of creating the contents of artistic discourse. The application provides the expressiveness of the characters and the emotional richness of the text. On the other hand, the value of a literary text is generated in the process of reading, is a product of interactive activities of the text and the reader. One of the important tasks of foreign literature and the interpretation of the text is to teach the students to dive into ethno-cultural space of artistic discourse, read and interpret the signs of the nomination. Special potential has psychological prose. In Germany, one of the most expressive representatives of this direction is Gabriela Vomann, Member of the «Group 47», a literary Association, which thirty years determined to the directions of the development of the progressive literature in Germany, Austria, Switzerland. Gabriela Vomann works in the genre of short stories and by her own admission, finds material for creativity in her own life experiences and her own worries. She wrote about feeling: loneliness, the collapse of hopes, fragility and illusiveness of happiness, indifference and pride, fear of the future – all that include the human life. Her works are at low volume, difficult to interpret and require attention to the artistic details. The story of Gabriela Vomann «Eva`s Visit» is one the short psychological stories where the reader gets right in the middle of the action. Strictly speaking, the action, as such, is omitted. This is a short night diary entries of the heroine of the story. Neither her name nor age, profession and instructions are not mentioned in the open space of the text. The author has created the problem, deeply analytical narrative environment, where the primary is the motif of the human exclusion of people from one another, emotional stress on a superficial level of text and figure of silence, the graphical expression of which is the dash. Therefore, the formation of cross-cultural competence through artistic discourse and in the process of interpretation of the text is identifying among plurality interpretations, contents, design, author and his ideas. The author’s intention and the aesthetic component of artistic text contribute the active formation of the views of the students about the national-specific differences between cultures through their own subjective evaluation.
EN
The author discusses the problem of silence in communication. Different types of being silent are taken into consideration. It is pointed out that silence treated as a way of communication is a complex issue and many linguists trying to determine the nature of silence and its role in communication tend to describe the phenomenon in very vague, general statements, sometimes even limiting themselves to nothing but comments on sayings or famous quotations. The author tries to indicate which of those remarks are justified from a linguistic point of view. Moreover, the semantic and pragmatic features of the Polish lexemes MILCZENIE (silence), MILCZEĆ (to be silent) and some other notions that are relatively frequently coupled and sometimes, in fact, confused with the above mentioned lexemes, are examined.
EN
Based on the materials o f the works of the Belarusian writer Vladimir Korotkevich and their translauons into Russian, the problems of linguistic organization o f tropes are consiucred, their generating features o f the idiostyle and creative manner o f mastering words are defined, < ..nilarities and dilferences in national stylistic Systems of the Russian and Belarusian languages are presented, and the categorical character o f trope implicitness isrevealed.
EN
The article analyzes differences in the description of discourse relations in corpus research, in particular with the reference to the use of discourse markers – expressions that tie together subsequent fragments of the text and provide information about the nature of these relations. The text presents three concepts of the description of explicitness and implicitness of the content: Rhetorical Structure Theory, Penn Discourse Treebank and the author’s original proposal and indicates the consequences of each solution. The analysis of relations with particles as metatexual expressions defined in accordance with The Nest Dictionary of Polish reveals the possibility of expressing explicitness as a representation of elements of informational structure shaped by the use of a given particle, and implicitness as a lack of representation of certain elements of this type.
PL
W niniejszym artykule zostały poddane analizie różnice w opisie powiązań tekstowych (relacji dyskursywnych) w badaniach korpusowych, w szczególności w odniesieniu do kwestii użycia ustanawiających je markerów dyskursywnych – wyrażeń wiążących ze sobą kolejne fragmenty tekstu i niosących informacje o charakterze tych powiązań. Tekst przedstawia trzy koncepcje opisu eksplicytności i implicytności przekazu treści: Rhetorical Structure Theory, Penn Discourse Treebank i propozycję autorską oraz wskazuje konsekwencje poszczególnych rozwiązań. Analiza relacji z partykułami jako wyrażeniami metatekstowymi zdefiniowanymi zgodnie ze „Słownikiem gniazdowym partykuł polskich”, przeprowadzona na potrzeby korpusu polskiego ujawnia możliwość ujęcia eksplicytności jako obecności w tekście reprezentacji elementów struktury informacyjnej ukształtowanej przez użycie danej partykuły, a implicytności jako braku reprezentacji pewnych elementów tego typu.
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