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EN
Remedial timber treatment leading to the prolongation of wood durability has been known from ancient times. Rapid development of chemical treatment in wood preservation occurred in the eighteenth and nineteenth century. The introduction onto the market of certain chemicals was accompanied by the replacement of others by new offers. These changes were caused by scientific progress aiming at the introduction of better, more efficient products and the exclusion of those dangerous for man. The primary task of the treatment and repair of buildings is the discovery and elimination of causes for moisture. The next step is finding modern and effective products used against biological decay.
EN
The article presents the possibilities and effects of the application of computer tomography for research into the structural impregnation of wooden historical objects. The herefore employed research methods do not provide full information as regards the obtained degree of impregnation, participation and arrangement of the material in the porous structure of the impregnated object. Their fault lies in the fact that apart from insufficient ineffectivennes and complicated technique, those methods are highly destructive and fragmentary, calling for cutting or taking samples of the material under examination. By way of contrast, computer tomography, used for the first time in Poland, gives a chance for studying the process of impregnation together with the accompanying changes in the structure on one material. At the same time, it enables to obtain a visual picture and quantitative estimation of those changes in the whole structure, in a way which is non-destructive and offers a practical estimation of the effects of impregnation on an arbitraily chosen part of the historical object. With this methods, the usefulness of chosen thermoplastic material - Winacet R-50, Osolan KL, Osolan К and Paraloid B-72 - was judged for reinforcing impregnation, by basing ourselves on their allocation in limewood, under certain conditions created by the impregnation technology. The interesting possibilities of computer tomography were also used in research concerning the polychrome wooden sculpture „King Casimir the Great” (1380) in the Jagiellonian University Museum in Cracow, which was impregnated in a vaccuum with a 20 per cent solution of Paraloid B-72 in xylene. (translated by A. Rodzińska-Chojnowska)
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EN
Polish conservation workshop apply surface treatment in protection and conservation of timber, which does not prove very effective. An urgent need for wider usage of deep impregnation is acknowledged. The most effective methods of impregnating wood are those that utilize pressure or vacuum. An installation for impregnating timber with the full-cell vacuum process has been constructed in the Biskupin Division of the State Archaeological Museum. The article presents a detailed description of the installation, the method of wood treatment, the control of the impregnation process and the obtained results. The vacuum method is compared with commonly used surface methods. Special attention is paid to a possibility of constructing a mobile timber preserving plant, which could serve several Skansen museum. According to the author, the vacuum method could be also used by other institutions dealing with timber conservation.
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