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Informational Support of Civilian Intelligence for Heavy Industry (Including Machine Industry) and the Energy Sector in the Polish People’s Republic in the Years 1970–1990

100%
Sikora M.
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae
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2018
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vol. 36
143-173
EN
Throughout the existence of the Polish People’s Republic (PPR), its scientific and technical intelligence (S&TI) supported Polish mining, energy, metallurgy, and machine industries. Cooperation with companies and research and development centers intensified in the first half of the 1970s, as a natural consequence of the experience accumulated by the intelligence service in the previous fifteen years. The most crucial issues related to the improvement of secret methods of acquiring technologies for the Polish economy were defining the scope of the tasks, i.e. the types of technologies which can be acquired by intelligence or purchased in the black market, selecting objects, (i.e. institutions and organizations with the required knowledge), and recruiting personal sources of information in western facilities. Apart from acquiring specific solutions S&TI also developed analyses related to specific countries, as well as to specific technologies in the global aspect or to international corporations that possessed the technologies. Furthermore, S&TI was engaged by the Polish government to provide information to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of International Trade during trade negotiations with foreign contractors. Author draws the history of Polish S&TI during the 70s and 80s, showcasing its operations, explaining its modus operandi and discussing the question about the efficiency of illicit transfer of know-how from OECD for the purposes technical progress in communist Poland. Article bases on recently declassified documents of Polish intelligence service from the pre-1990 period. There are moreover other archival records as well as secondary sources explored.
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Biały wywiad jako narzędzie uzupełniające czynności z zakresu techniki kryminalistycznej

37%
Ziółkowska A.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica
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2018
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vol. 82
67-81
EN
Modern collection of information from open sources like state, press and private ones come under open-source intelligence and it is a complement to operation activities carried out in criminology. The article focuses on working out personal and capital relationships by means of open-source intelligence and on obtaining data from open sources as a complement to the information which will help reveal personal relationships or motives for the crime after years. The article discusses universally available sources like state registers, private sources of information, sources of political information and motives of business entities recognition i.e. tortious motives in economic crime and in criminal offences as well as in industrial espionage and sabotage.  
PL
Współczesne pozyskiwanie informacji ze źródeł jawnych – państwowych, prasowych i prywatnych – należy do białego wywiadu i jest ono dopełnieniem wykonywanych czynności operacyjnych w kryminalistyce. W artykule zwrócono uwagę na sposoby rozpracowania powiązań osobowych i kapitałowych za pomocą białego wywiadu, a także możliwość pozyskania danych z otwartych źródeł jako uzupełnienie informacji, które będą pomocne w ujawnieniu po latach powiązań osobowych czy motywów zbrodni. W artykule omówione zostały źródła powszechnie dostępne: rejestry państwowe, prywatne źródła informacji, źródła informacji politycznej, jak również rozpoznawania podmiotów gospodarczych, tj. motywy deliktowe w przestępczości gospodarczej i kryminalnej, szpiegostwie przemysłowym oraz sabotażu.
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