Search results

1

SOCIAL ASSISTANCE: FROM CARE TO SOCIAL SERVICES

100%

Bojanowska E., Krzyszkowski J.

Polityka Społeczna

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2018

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vol. 45

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issue 1(14) 100 Years Social Policy in Poland

31-36

EN

The article is about the genesis and evolution of social services in Poland. The authors presented the Polish way of building social services in Poland until 1939, as well as the way of functioning of social services in the People’s Republic of Poland and during the years 1990–2015. The last chapter of the article is focused on the reforms of social services in Poland after 2015. In the conclusion of the article, the authors state that history of social services in Poland shows the never ending efforts of meeting new social needs, as well as growing complexity and internal diversity of organizational structures of social services that require integration and coordination.

2

Deinstitutionalization of the social welfare system as a chance for a life of dignity for people with care and support needs .

100%

Chabaj-Wiater J.

Praca Socjalna

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2018

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vol. 33(3)

71-84

EN

The article discusses the social situation of people, who are older, in a difficult socio-economic conditions, disability or chronic illness. These people require support in the twenty-four-hour living caring and nursing services forms. The article presents the system of Polish social assistance in the care facilities aspects and recommendations of the European Commission with Expert Group on the Transition from Institutional to Community – based Care, that guarantee for human rights and a better quality of life. The change of the social policy system from institutional to environmental services and implemented among the local community is discussed in this study. The argumentation for the development of these services is undeniable, because human is at the center of all assistance activities.

3

Public Sector’s Principal-Agent Theory in a Global World

100%

György A.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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2012

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issue 2.3(20.3)

101-107

EN

The problem of institutionalization and the impact of institutions on individual and collective action is discussed by Attila György in his article. The author focuses on communication processes that take place at various levels of the state and society. Participants’ behaviour (public and private actors), administrative and legal regulations influence the quality and effectiveness of communication. The article examines the factors determining the model of power distribution and how it shapes interaction between individuals and institutions.

4

Reputation and its measurement. An institutional approach

100%

Adamska A., Dąbrowski T. J.

Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym

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2017

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vol. 20

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issue 7

51-61

EN

The article deals with the issue of identifying and measuring institutions. As an example, reputation was taken into consideration. The analysis leads to the conclusion that reputation could be treated as an institution and could be measured in the context of its impact on economic outcomes. This measurement can be carried out at three levels of detail: micro, meso and macro, among these the third is the least recognised in new institutional economics.

5

Institutions: Uncertainty in Definition of the Term. A Brief Look at the history: 1890-1930

100%

Arnania-Kepuladze T.

Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

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2014

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vol. 9

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issue 4

79-102

EN

: Despite the fact that the significance of institutional economics is commonly recognized, the uncertainty of basic concepts of institutional economics – institutions – and its investigation sphere is widely mentioned today. The paper aims to trace the process of evolution in the understanding of the notion of institution, from its spontaneous mentions and pragmatic use of the so-called pre-institutional era to the desire to understand and to define the essence of the institution in the period of early institutionalism. Based on the analyses of appropriate literature, the paper tries to study how the term “institution” was understood at the three initial historical period of its usage. For this purpose, the first part of the paper analyses how the term “institu-tion” was used at the start by religious figures in VII and XIII centuries and then by thinkers in XVII-XVIII centuries which are considered as a pre-history of the term “institution” wide usage. The second part of the study is focused on the investigation how the term was understood by immediate predecessors of institutional economics – German Historical School, and the third part of the paper investigates scholars-institutionalists’ efforts in the intellectual context on the period 1890-1930.

6

Organizational culture in social welfare institutions and its significance in creating a support culture in local communities

100%

Szymanowska J.

Praca Socjalna

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2017

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vol. 32(4)

46-57

EN

As available research shows, the preparation of social workers for cooperation with local authorities and social policy entities on the micro-level is certainly minute. The ascertained image of social services has prompted a search for inter-organizational factors which may shape the quality of support provided and contribute to the creation of a support culture within local communities. The objective of the analysis – performed in a piecemeal manner – was to describe the relation between the types of organizational culture in social welfare institutions and the ways social workers carried out their tasks.

7

Institutions and Organizations in the Development of Organic Farms in the Lubelskie Voivodship

100%

Siedlecka A.

Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i prognozy

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2015

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issue 1(39)

59-65

EN

Organic production is an important area for the development of the competitiveness of the Lubelskie Voivodship. Development of this production, however, depends on the support households can get for taking this kind of action. The aim of the study is to assess the scale and nature of institutional support in the opinion of the surveyed farmers, organic farms in the Lublin area. For the achievement of this objective, 60 interviews were conducted using a questionnaire survey among farms pursuing organic production. The obtained results indicated that institutions whose support, in the opinion of the respondents, is the highest were: Agricultural Advisory Centres, the Agency for Restructuring and Modernisation of Agriculture, and certification bodies.

PL

Produkcja ekologiczna jest ważnym obszarem rozwoju konkurencyjności województwa lubelskiego. Rozwój tej produkcji zależy jednakże od wsparcia, jakie mogą otrzymać gospodarstwa podejmujące ten rodzaj działań. Celem opracowania jest ocena skali i charakteru wsparcia instytucjonalnego w świetle opinii badanych rolników prowadzących gospodarstwa ekologiczne w województwie lubelskim. Dla realizacji celu przeprowadzonych zostało 60 wywiadów za pomocą kwestionariusza ankiety wśród gospodarstw rolnych realizujących produkcję ekologiczną. Otrzymane wyniki badań wskazały, iż instytucjami których wsparcie, w ocenie badanych, jest najwyższe były Ośrodki Doradztwa Rolniczego, Agencja Restrukturyzacji i Modernizacji Rolnictwa oraz Jednostki certyfikujące. Badania przeprowadzono w ramach realizowanego projektu badawczego nr 2011/01/D/HS4/ 03927 pt. „Ekologiczne uwarunkowania i czynniki rozwoju funkcji gospodarczych na obszarach przyrodniczo cennych województwa lubelskiego” finansowanego ze środków Narodowego Centrum Nauki.

8

Od podejrzliwości do wiarygodności. Kilka wstępnych uwag do twórczości Michała Hellera w świetle teorii dyskursu

100%

Wielewska-Baka M.

Jednak Książki. Gdańskie Czasopismo Humanistyczne

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2015

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issue 4/2015 O Młodej Polsce mniej znanej

273-286

EN

This essay attempts at finding the essential connection between theory of discourse and the Michał Heller’s writing strategy. Some fundamental concepts of Michael Foucault become very stimulative in light of Heller’s vision of connecting disciplines (physics/cosmology, theology/religion, philosophy). The aim of this article is also to reveal the problems of using narrow meanings of some concepts (especially “institution”, “authority”).

9

Institutions and Modernity

88%

Morawski W.

Management and Business Administration. Central Europe

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2013

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vol. 21

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issue 3(122)

30-49

EN

Purpose: Modernity consists of many confl icting aspects: It brings many empty promises, yet has resulted in new institutions that create bridges between the values and interests of millions of people who seek freedom, prosperity, quality of life, strengthened democracy and social justice. In this paper I attempt to a gain and loss account against modernity, because institutional rules are not only conducive to cooperative interactions, but to hostile interactions as well. People are not always guided by moral commitment, but rather more often driven by cold calculation or coercion. Methodology: Modernity has at least three defi nitions. The fi rst defi nition is based on ideas that took over the imagination of the era. The second defi nition is based on an analysis of the behavior of people who respond to reason as well as emotion and believe that they act more rationally than their ancestors or the traditional “others”. The third defi nition is the one closest to my heart, consisting of the use of institutional categories. Institutions offer practical ways of connecting ideas and people. The challenge for them is the result of deepening local and national interdependencies, but increasingly often also regional (e.g. European) and global. Interdependencies are the result of the scientifi c and technological revolution, global markets, global governance mechanisms, the emergence of new social forces and cultural confl icts (against the background of reconciling identity and differences). Conclusions: The most important task is to identify the mechanisms of complex systems so that people know how to act under conditions of uncertainty, risk and crisis. Hence, the expectations toward institutions often exceed their abilities. Even though new institutions are being created and old ones are being fixed, we are witnessing and participating in, institutional paralysis and the decay (e.g. corruption). In this situation, it is imperative not only to improve control methods (e.g. legal), but also to resort to normative systems (values and identity) and knowledge (competence and skills). The source of this paralysis is often man himself, convinced of his own maturity and equipped with all sorts of rights, but manipulated on a scale not yet seen in the past. We are experiencing our own struggle as to what roles are closest to us, e.g. consumer, investor, or citizen? Research Implications: Modernity is an emblematic, but confusing term. Therefore, the most important task is to identify the activities of complex systems, so that people know how to act under conditions of uncertainty, risk and crisis. People – agencies must operate in structures that defi ne the boundaries of their actions. The main task of social sciences is to identify the conditions for the construction of successful confi gurations of agencies and structures. Originality: Sometimes the “old” is better than the “new”, but to adopt this as a principle of life would be a mistake. It is better to think that the “new” is a metamorphosis of the “old”, sometimes expected, sometimes not. Based on the example of capitalism – fi rst commercial capitalism, then industrial capitalism, and today fi nancial capitalism – I demonstrate how the mechanisms of institutional morphogenesis work, with emphasis on structured cooperation and organized confl ict.

10

The institution of co-operation in border regions – examples of the activities of Polish organisations

88%

Szmigiel-Rawska K.

Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development

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2013

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vol. 17

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issue 1

15-24

EN

The aim of this study was to determine the conditions of sustainable (long-term) partnerships for the development of cross-border co-operation with regard to how they are formed and how they function. The analysis concerns partnerships created as a part of the PHARE CBC Small Project Fund between 2000-2003. It focuses on the sustainability of these partnerships through the prism of their duration and the frequency of actions taken. The conceptual assumption was that cross-border cooperation can be seen as an institution and analysis used the concept of path dependency. Entering into relations of co-operation in a border region in Poland is a behavioural norm, but co-operation is not seen in the light of the benefits of entering into a relationship, that is, not in the light of the direct benefits of co-operation.

11

Corruption, governance and tax revenues in Africa

88%

Epaphra M., Massawe

Business and Economic Horizons

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2017

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vol. Volume 13

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issue Issue 4

439-467

EN

In this paper we analyze the effects of institutional variables (corruption and governance), structural variables (per capita income, trade openness, inflation and share of agriculture in GDP), and policy variables (tax rate and tariff rate) on total tax revenues, direct taxes, indirect taxes and trade taxes using panel data set for 30 African countries over the 1996-2016 period. All estimates are based on fixed effects (FE) and random effects (RE) models. Using Hausman test, RE is earmarked to be the more preferred model in this paper. The RE regression results show that corruption and governance are two main determinants of tax revenues in Africa. While corruption has a significant negative effect on tax revenues, good governance measured in terms of government effectiveness, regulatory quality, rule of law and voice and accountability tends to raise tax revenue generation and in particular, indirect taxes. In the same vein, governance in form of political stability tends to have a very significant effect on direct taxes and international trade taxes. The basic intuition behind these results is that higher institutional capacity and lower corruption enhance tax revenue generation in the economy. Intriguingly, empirical results show that tariff rates tend to have a strong negative effect on total tax revenue but at the same time they have a strong positive effect on trade tax revenue. Moreover, trade openness tends to have a strong positive relationship with tax revenue. Overall, results suggest that to raise more tax revenue, governments should reduce corruption, improve tax and customs administration and raise revenues from tax categories that are less susceptible to corruption. They should as well enhance trade openness.

12

Personality and Institution - Reflections on paradigmatic structures in Max Weber’s thinking

88%

Rehberg K.-S., Aliberti S. M.

Academicus. International Scientific Journal

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2020

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issue 21

131-141

EN

The structure of scientific revolutions - if we follow Thomas Kuhn - is characterized by crises of knowledge and chances by changes of paradigm, a term that is mostly outside the natural sciences only used metaphorically. But also, in sociology, there are something like paradigmatic premises, questioning, research strategies, conceptual structures and perspectives of research in the competition between successful major theories. At least that could be said of Talcott Parsons’s system theory in the period after the Second World War, maybe also of the Critical Theory or later of the approaches of Niklas Luhmann or Pierre Bourdieu. Against this background, the publishers of the Max Weber complete edition, especially Wolfgang Schluchter and his students, were concerned with establishing a “Weber paradigm” more than half a century after the death of this “Myth of Heidelberg”. The essay proposes a combination of Weber’s concept of action with the development of (institutional) forms of order and their enforcement. The prerequisites of the Weber Renaissance since the 1970s are discussed and then a systematization of Weber’s questions based on its “basic sociological concepts” and their logic of grading are proposed. Aspects of a Weber Paradigm are developed from a presentation of the basic principles of the “Theory and Analysis of Institutional Mechanisms”, because the institutional analytical method was proven in various research contexts, especially in the interdisciplinary research of historians and social scientists.

13

Policy reform in the education sector: Osun state as a case study (2011–2018)

88%

Ige R. A., Omodunbi O. O., Omolade A. S.

Acta Politica Polonica

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2021

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vol. 52

5-16

EN

Organizational, governmental structures and institutions have always been guided by established policies which are expected to foster development. Policies have not been stagnant and there abounds occasions where slight or major adjustments were made to existing policies with the aim of achieving increased value and development. Unfortunately, the reforms made by Governor Aregbesola in the years 2011–2018 in the Osun state education sector brought disagreements rather than progress. There have been divergent views on the intention and prospect of the reform to achieving the desired end. Using the historical and analytical approach, the paper seeks to investigate the reforms made and also to point out the lapses of these reforms. However, findings indicated that the reforms, though have their gains, they were largely retrogressive. The paper, thus, concluded that the reforms only came to disrupt the peaceful process of the existing policy which was in place.

14

(Dis)trust into the rule of law in Slovenia

75%

Haček M.

Political Preferences

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2013

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issue 4

9-23

EN

After the collapse of the non-democratic regime in the early 1990s, public opinion surveys became important factor in the process of democratic decision-making. Author is analysing the results of public opinion surveys, which bring together data on the attitude of the general public towards democracy, (dis)satisfaction with the political situation and (dis)satisfaction with most important political and administrative institutions with special emphasis given to the public’s (dis)trust toward the rule of law. Based on the data obtained article allocates Slovenia’s position compared to other established European democracies as well as post-communist countries from Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) on the scale of the relationship of the dimensions of societal (dis)trust in political power.

15

Konsumpcjonizm jako zagrożenie dla bezpieczeństwa indywidualnego człowieka

75%

Orzyłowska A.

Journal of Modern Science

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2015

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issue 2(25)

111-125

EN

An attempt to make analysis is a purpose of the present article, to what extent public institutions are processing liabilities of the state in the scope foam for citizens of which will let them for designing the private sphere one’s security of living in the consumption according to contemporary security standards individual with reference to the above chosen institutions were analyzed, of which exercising the institutional control of the public sphere on behalf of you is a main task, in the destination of the protection of the interests of the men in the street in the trade and services. Also fi ndings were analyzed social problems bringing up tied with ordering by individual persons held fi nancial means, at applying such forms as collecting the frugality and contracting debts. Included examinations were conducted on the representative test on adult inhabitants of Poland and representatives of the chosen occupational group. Eff ected concluding made rich allowed to describe the critical analysis of the literature on the subject parameters of the contemporary individual security.

PL

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest próba dokonania analizy, na ile instytucje publiczne realizują zobowiązania państwa w zakresie zapewnienia obywatelom bezpieczeństwa, które pozwoli im na projektowanie prywatnej sfery swojego życia w zakresie konsumpcji według współczesnych standardów bezpieczeństwa indywidualnego W związku z powyższym poddano analizie wybrane instytucje, których głównym zadaniem jest sprawowanie w imieniu państwa instytucjonalnej kontroli przestrzeni publicznej, w celu ochrony interesów przeciętnych obywateli w zakresie handlu i usług. Analizie poddano także wyniki badań społecznych, poruszających problemy związane z zarządzaniem przez indywidualne osoby posiadanymi środkami fi nansowymi, z zastosowaniem takich form, jak gromadzenie oszczędności i zaciąganie zadłużeń. Uwzględnione badania przeprowadzono na reprezentatywnej próbie dorosłych mieszkańców Polski oraz przedstawicieli wybranej grupy zawodowej. Wnioski z badań, wzbogacone krytyczną analizę literatury przedmiotu, pozwoliły określić parametry współczesnego bezpieczeństwa indywidualnego.

16

Lidový hudebně-taneční projev jako scénický tvar – folklorní soubory v českých zemích v péči jedné instituce

75%

Stavělová D.

Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)

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2015

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vol. 25

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issue 4

294 - 306

EN

The study is a probe into the world of contemporary folklore creation in the Czech lands – quite a young stage genre focused on stage adaptation of folk songs, instrumental compositions and dance, and their transition to the language of the theatre setting. The study is based on the assessment of a series of six biennial shows of folklore ensembles. This series was assessed by means of an analysis of video-records and programme brochures from the perspective of a participant and assessor of the particular years. We were interested in which directions the artistic creation of ensembles, inspired by folklore, is going, which transformations can be observed within this period of twelve years altogether and which issues have remained unchanged from the first attempts to demonstrate folk musical and dance culture on stage. The study is not aimed at an unequivocal classification of all these ways of stage work and topics. In contrast, the author tries to point out the overlaps of diverse views of the same matter, the combination of more approaches which can intersect within a single creative efforts. She tries to capture the tendencies that are safeguarded, transformed or newly discovered within this creative environment. The role of an appropriated institution (the National Information and Consulting Centre for Culture NIPOS-ARTAMA) is emphasized here. This institution provides the participants with an environment perceptive to their utterance, offers various feedback and motivates the participants for their further deeds.

17

Democratization in Central and Eastern Europe and the Minority Issues

75%

Mucha J.

Polish Sociological Review

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2008

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vol. 160

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issue 4

379-400

EN

The aim of this article is to present some ramifications of the democratization processes in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) since 1989. The analysis concentrates on relations between the new dominant groups and cultural (mostly national and religious) minorities. The author outlines the concepts of democracy under conditions of cultural pluralism. He concentrates on similarities and differences between three levels of relations between the dominant groups and minorities: “institutional,” “semi-institutional,” and “non-institutional.” CEE is not homogenous neither among the countries nor among these spheres. Moreover, relations between dominant groups and minorities do not seem to be much more complicated than in some (actually many)Western countries. However, it seems to be easier in CEE to express oneself on political and cultural maters without fear of governmental reprisal than without fear of societal reprisal.

18

The beginning and development of the socio-cultural animation in Poland

75%

Cichosz M.

Journal of Modern Science

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2017

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issue 4(35)

51-64

EN

Socio-Cultural Animation is currently one of the most significant areas of educational activity discussed within social pedagogy. Among social work, tutelary work or health education, it is one of the most important areas of educational practice widely studied within social pedagogy and, consequently, transferred on the specific methodology of practical activities. Simultaneously, it is worthwhile to indicate the significance of the space which encompasses this practice – namely Culture. It is one of the most rudimentary areas influencing human upbringing process, their development and social activity. Therefore, Socio-Cultural Animation is a very important and key area of pedagogical activity. At the same time, being a specific type of reflection, it has undergone and still undergoes the process of development. The reflection over the educational activity undertaken within and through culture, experienced various stages of its recognition. At the very beginning, when it appeared in the circle of interests of the social pedagogy forerunners, it was treated (in a specific sociopolitical context) as an area of educational activities with an important role of institutions which ought to undertake such activities under certain social conditions. The notion of animation was then associated with the concept of creative activity which has remained its constitutive feature as educational practice up to this point. The following years of reflections over socio-cultural animation maintained its more institutional and functional character, yet, it was more and more frequently connected and more clearly implemented with the notion of cultural education as part of the pedagogy of culture. Currently there are various ways of understanding socio-cultural animation accepted by social pedagogy. One of them is the concept of environmental education which sees the area of culture as the important and desired space of realizing education.

19

Prakseologiczna interpretacja zjawiska administracji publicznej z perspektywy relatywizmu granic organizacji

75%

Korczak J.

Przegląd Prawa i Administracji

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2017

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vol. 111

79-102

EN

An approach to public administration presented in the article is based on the assumption of the immediacy of applying research methods in the area of organization and management for the description and analysis of the composition and functioning of institutions included in the public administration. The article takes into account the consequences of the system’s transformation in Poland from the early 1990s as aresult of which the public administration was rebuilt by replacing the previous model of the state administration corresponding to the objectives of the socialist state’s political system, ahighly bloated multi-sector organizational system, which makes for considering the participation of members of particular administrative institutions at different degrees of their organization concurrently and in parallel. The result of this study leads to the conclusion that public administration institutions have relative boundaries of their organisational separation and thus the same people can simultaneously participate in anumber of institutions belonging to the core, the external circle and the environment while at the same within the same institution there can come to such parallel multiplicity of participation. Examples of government administration and local government institutions have been presented to illustrate these claims.

20

Instituce jako model významu : Gehlen a Merleau-Ponty k otázce antropologie

75%

Klouda J., Halák J.

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)

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2018

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vol. 66

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issue 6

869-888

EN

The aim of the article is to re-evaluate the still-surviving anthropological trope which, in reaction to an inquiry into the essence of man, responds by way of a comparison with the animal and points to culture, as the means by which humans complete their “deficient” nature. This motif has been extended by A. Gehlen, who in contrast to the animal, characterises man as a “being of deficiencies”. The morphological-instinctive insufficiency of the human being must be, in his view, stabilised by cultural institutions, i.e. complexes of habitual actions. The texts of M. Merleau-Ponty, however, demonstrate that bodily beings always relate to their environment indirectly, on the basis of certain “standards” and “norms” of interaction which, in addition, exist by way of institution. The anthropological trope confronting humans and animals thus cannot produce, as in Gehlen, a contrast between an allegedly “direct” relationship to the world in animals and a supposedly “indirect” relationship to the world in humans. It can be meaningfully retained only if it is interpreted in a Merleau-Pontyan way, that is, as an invitation to understand the transformation of the norms of indirect interaction with the world found in animals into those found in people, that is, if viewed as a comparison of their respective institutions.

DE

Ziel des Artikels ist es, eine immer noch lebendige anthropologische Figur neu zu bewerten. Diese Figur beantwortet die Frage nach dem Wesen des Menschen mithilfe eines Vergleichs mit dem Tier und bezeichnet das Mittel, mit dem sich der von Natur aus unfertige Mensch formt, als Kultur. Dieses Motiv wurde von A. Gehlen vertieft, der den Menschen im Gegensatz zum Tier als „Mängelwesen“ bezeichnete. Das morphologisch-instinktiv nicht vollständig ausgestattete menschliche Wesen ist laut Gehlen gezwungen, sich durch kulturelle Institutionen und habitualisierte Verhaltenskomplexe zu stabilisieren. Die Texte von M. Merleau-Ponty zeigen jedoch, dass körperliche Wesen sich bereits stets indirekt auf ihr Umfeld beziehen, und zwar auf Grundlage eines bestimmten „Standards“ bzw. einer „Norm“ der Interaktion, die darüber hinaus seiner Ansicht nach selbst in Form einer Institution existiert. Die anthropologische Figur, die den Menschen mit dem Tier konfrontiert erweist sich daher nicht dann als sinnvoll, wenn wir im Sinne von Gehlen den angeblich „direkten“ Bezug zur Welt des Tieres und den „indirekten“ Menschen einander gegenüberstellen, sondern nur dann, wenn sie uns wie bei Merleau-Ponty, zum Verständnis der Transformation des „indirekten“ Tieres in die „Indirektheit“ des Menschen, d.h. in ihre „Institutionen“ führt.

Refine search results

SOCIAL ASSISTANCE: FROM CARE TO SOCIAL SERVICES

Deinstitutionalization of the social welfare system as a chance for a life of dignity for people with care and support needs .

Public Sector’s Principal-Agent Theory in a Global World

Reputation and its measurement. An institutional approach

Institutions: Uncertainty in Definition of the Term. A Brief Look at the history: 1890-1930

Organizational culture in social welfare institutions and its significance in creating a support culture in local communities

Institutions and Organizations in the Development of Organic Farms in the Lubelskie Voivodship