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EN
The article is devoted to the issues of general reference clauses in Polish criminal procedure. The discussions presented herein concern one of the clauses, namely “the good of the administration of justice”, contained in Art. 37 of the Code of Criminal Procedure. The author states that this term is vague, has very broad boundaries of meaning and, as a consequence, it is not possible to construct one universal and precise definition of that wording or to enumerate the situations in which the good of the administration of justice would be jeopardized. As a matter of fact, there is not such a need. However, it appears to be legitimate to indicate the general directions of the interpretation of this term, and it has been the case in the current judicature and literature. Nevertheless, the determination if in a specific situation the precondition of the good of the administration of justice really occurs, and thereby if there are grounds for the application of Art. 37 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, should be made based on the realities of the specific case.
PL
Artykuł jest poświęcony problematyce generalnych klauzul odsyłających w polskim procesie karnym. Rozważania w nim przedstawione dotyczą jednej z klauzul, a mianowicie „dobra wymiaru sprawiedliwości”, zawartej w art. 37 k.p.k. Autorka stwierdziła, że jest to pojęcie nieostre, o bardzo szerokich granicach znaczeniowych i w konsekwencji nie jest możliwe skonstruowanie jednej, uniwersalnej i precyzyjnej definicji tego sformułowania ani też enumeratywne wyliczenie sytuacji, w których dobro wymiaru sprawiedliwości byłoby zagrożone. Nie ma zresztą takiej potrzeby. Zasadne wydaje się jednak wskazanie ogólnych kierunków wykładni tego pojęcia i tak też się stało w aktualnym orzecznictwie i piśmiennictwie. Z kolei ocena, czy w konkretnej sytuacji przesłanka dobra wymiaru sprawiedliwości faktycznie występuje, a tym samym czy jest podstawa do zastosowania art. 37 k.p.k., powinna być dokonana w oparciu o realia konkretnej sprawy.
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PL
The article analyses the rights and duties of a social representative in criminal proceedings (article 90 Code of Criminal Procedure). Participation in court proceedings may be declared, before the commencement of judicial examination, by a representative of a community organisation, if there is a need to defend a social interest or an important individual interest within the statutory purposes of such an organisation, especially in matters pertaining to the protection of human rights and freedoms. The representative of a community organisation who has been admitted to participate in court proceedings may participate in the trial, express their points of view and make statements in writing. The court shall admit a representative of a community organisation if it finds this to be in the interests of justice. This person shall not be allowed to ask questions to person questioned by the court, he has no right to make a complaint with the court, can`t submit motions for evidence and are not entitled to participate in a session or in an investigation. The author emphasizes the importance of participation by the citizenry in the administration of justice principle and the right to a fair and public hearing of his case. In article they were also discussed old draft bills in the position of social representative in criminal cases, and in particular the advantages and disadvantages of amending article 90 c.c.p. Amendment of 10 June 2016. The author argues that the changing of position will not increase the participation of the public in the proceedings, because the legislature did not admit procedural rights.
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