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PL
Podwaliny [Foundations], the poem written by Leopold Staff right after the war and carrying traces of a profound trauma, takes advantage of the motifs drawn from the biblical parable of good and bad construction practices (Gospel According to St Matthew, 7:24–27). In her interpretation of the poem, the author analyses the way(s) in which the biblical paradigm has been transformed, and the consequences of this procedure. Use is made of the opinions of the scholars who have reconstructed the primary function of parabolic stories, having identified in them the original forms of thinking which preceded the evolvement of abstract concepts encoding qualities.
EN
The article aims to indicate the need to train the skill to make intertextual relationships. The article focuses in particular on the academic teaching level, as the ability to operate someone else’s word is its vital element. The publication proves that the need to train this skill stems from a number of reasons: the need to meet the requirements for academic texts, the high didactic value of incorporating source texts into the written production process and the unsatisfactory level of students’ ability to create intertextual relationships.
EN
Considering that intertextuality is the text’s property of being connected to other previous texts, Julian Barnes’ novel, “A History of the World in 10 ½ Chapters”, rewrites the Biblical story of Noah’s Ark. Besides the narration accounted in the Bible, new elements are encountered here: e.g. the Ark wasn’t a simple vessel, but a small fleet; Noah butchered the animals from the Ark, animals selected initially to be saved from the Deluge; the woodworms, creatures that symbolize decay, were also present on the Ark, etc. Then, new versions of the Biblical story, all having connections with Noah, the Ark and the Sea are present. Therefore, Julian Barnes fructifies Noah’s story, readjusting it to other spaces and historic times.
EN
In the external communication of theatres there is a number of „communicative tasks” (T. Luckmann 1986) that have to be completed. In regard to these tasks, a broader communicative struc-ture of texttypes and genres has developed, which can be referred to as a „communicative ecology”. At the beginning of the paper this complex structure is briefly presented. Subsequently, the paper deals with two important components of the ecology in the external communication of theatres: the physical and the virtual communication space. The objective of the paper is to describe the typical characteristics of place-bound texts in the physical space and texts in the digital space of the cultural institution „theatre”. In this way it should be explored how (that is, on the basis of which linguistic elements and other semiotic resources) and for what purposes the institution „theatre” communicates through its place-bound and digital texts with its (potential) customers. As texts in such „genre networks” (K. Adamzik 2011) are related to one another, the paper also aims to determine the intertextual relations between the analysed texts in both communication spaces.
EN
The modern reader cannot read and interpret a medieval text in the same way as the medieval reader because of remoteness in time, the distance between our cultural space and medieval cultural space. We should understand them in terms of their own context, treat all énoncés in their specific historical and socio-cultural contexts. Special attention must be paid to dream scenes in medieval French texts which are separate events from narrative structure. On the one hand, our study focuses on the narrative characteristics of premonitory dreams especially in some Old French epics and romances. Taking under study intertextual links between the different sequences of their narration, we attempt to describe and explore prototypical traits of their linguistic expression. We note that dream narratives contain several types of recursive formula (the dream’s emotional and physical effects on the dreamer, description of falling asleep, in author’s commentaries). Oneiric narration follows standard, retains its specific structral forms. On the other hand, we will explore through some examples how the symbolic images of dream stories can be read in intertextuality. Uncovering intertextual relations, this study also sheds light on how our symbols are in direct correlation with the texts of some medieval bestiaries and encyclopedical scripts. The intertextual work that we are proposing, not only helps to better understand some textual phenomena of medieval works but supports the interpretative procedures and elucidation of dream contents. Above all, it prevents to project to the past values and judgments, that are the property of the modern mentality.
Świat i Słowo
|
2023
|
vol. 41
|
issue 2
223-246
EN
The following is a brief comparative / contrasting discourse of “situation types” in English clauses and their Polish renditions in “The Hobbit or There and Back Again” by J. R. R. Tolkien. The article highlights certain types of situations in English predicates which are intertextually related to their Polish counterparts expressed through contrastive lexical means. The description seeks to sensitize Polish users of English to the impact of the aspectuality of English clauses on the construal of the situations presented in the dynamics of discourse, which is ‘limited’ to the grammatical means available within the Polish language.
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