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Życie międzynarodowe rzeczy. Przedmioty luksusu i codziennego użytku w społecznej historii stosunków międzynarodowych

100%

GAŁGANEK A.

Przegląd Politologiczny

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2011

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issue 3

7-34

EN

The paper discusses the potential of objects, broadly understood luxury ‘items’ and necessities, in order to present uneven and combined development as the foundation of the social history of international relations. The author evidences that this approach to ‘objects’ allows us to achieve, at the very least, the following: (1) to observe the single social world which emerges after the division into ‘internal’ and ‘international’ is rejected; (2) to ‘touch’ the international outside the realm that the science of international relations usually associates with international politics; (3) to examine the social history of international relations, abandoning the approach that dominates in traditional historiography where production processes are privileged over consumption processes; (4) to demonstrate how human activities create internationalism. Discussing apparently different processes related to the international life of broadly understood ‘objects’, such as African giraffes, Kashmiri shawls, silk, the importance of English items for the inhabitants of Mutsamudu, or the opera Madame Butterfly the author identifies similar patterns which, although sometimes concealed, demonstrate the consequences of uneven and combined development for the social history of international relations. Prestige goods express affluence, success and power. They are usually objects manufactured from imported raw materials or materials, with limited distribution, which require a significant amount of labor or advanced technology to create. In contrast to everyday necessities, owing to their high value, prestige goods are exchanged over long distances through networks established by the elite. The analysis of manufacturing, exchange and social contexts related to prestige goods constitutes a significant source for understanding the social history of international relations. The examples in the paper present control over these goods as a source of political power. The control of raw materials, production and distribution of prestige goods is perceived as key to maintaining hierarchical social systems. Objects are inescapably related to ideas and practices. Uneven and combined development leads to meetings between people and objects, either opening or closing the space, allowing for their transfer and domestication, or rejection and destruction respectively. Concentration on the analyses of objects outside of modernization models or comparisons between civilizations and the conscious narrowing of perspective offers a tool with a heuristic potential which is interesting in the context of international relations. Comparative observation of objects (‘single’ elements of reality) via cultures undergoing uneven and combined development protects us from historiographic western exceptionalism. It also shows that the division between the ‘internal’ and ‘international’ unjustifiably splits the social world and makes it impossible to understand.

2

W stronę transcendencji. Doświadczenie kresu egzystencji w „Królowej Śniegu” Michaela Cunninghama

71%

Piechota D.

Amor Fati

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2015

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issue 2

41-57

EN

This text is devoted to analysing and interpreting different images of death in Snow Queen by Michael Cunningham. The author focuses on two images of death. The first is connected with biological death, the second has metaphorical sense, which I called “little death”. This “little death” is connected with depression and melancholy; this is a typical state of mind for the protagonists of novel. All heroes feel that their lives are empty. They are aware that in their lives, there is a lack of spirituality, the most valua-ble feature in postmodern life.

3

Najcenniejsze obiekty w Archiwum Muzeum Żup Krakowskich Wieliczka

71%

Pawłowska-Pich I.

Studia i Materiały do Dziejów Żup Solnych w Polsce

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2012

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vol. 28

171-184

XX

The Cracow Saltworks Museum Wieliczka has a collection of valuable archives; the oldest date back to the 15th century. Their content value is priceless. It is difficult to determine, out of almost 5,000 catalogue numbers, the most precious ones. An interesting set of documents encompasses royal documents, often with well-preserved seals. Undeniably, the entire resource is an invaluable basis of historical knowledge. Collected and studied for a number of years, the archives were the object of numerous publications and scientific papers regarding important issues related to the history of salt mining, primarily in Wieliczka and in Bochnia. Making use of them is facilitated by printed catalogues and inventories. The Museum is also constantly taking care of the archive’s safety and condition, by ensuring proper conditions of storage and conservation. The priority of the Museum is, as far as possible, to extend the resources onto new valuable acquisitions and to take care of the collection, which the Museum already possesses and values a lot.

4

Silva rerum nowoczesnego dzieciństwa. Zalecenia dotyczące przedmiotów w otoczeniu dziecka w polskich poradnikach na początku XX w.

57%

Bołdyrew A., Nawrot-Borowska M.

Saeculum Christianum. Pismo Historyczne

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2023

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vol. 30

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issue 1

EN

This article addresses the problem of the significance of objects in the upbringing of children at the beginning of the 20th century, in the light of Polish how-to books on care and education. The analysis includes selected widely read handbooks published in the Kingdom of Poland (primarily in Warsaw). The subject of research is “object stories” for the child and in the child’s environment. The article seeks to determine what materialities and recommendations regarding them appeared in the how-to books. The text also studies the issue of what functions, tasks, and meanings were assigned to artefacts that were presented as objects intended to create a vision of “modern childhood” and “modern parenting.” Due to the voluminous nature of the topic, postulates are presented regarding toys and items recommended in the child's education process, mainly in the home environment.

PL

Niniejszy artykuł podejmuje problem znaczenia przedmiotów w wychowaniu dzieci na początku XX w. w świetle polskich poradników dotyczących opieki i edukacji. Analizie poddano wybrane, poczytne poradniki publikowane w Królestwie Polskim (głównie w Warszawie). Przedmiotem badań są „opowieści o przedmiotach” dla dziecka oraz w otoczeniu dziecka. Celem artykułu jest ustalenie, jakie materialności i zalecenia ich dotyczące pojawiały się w poradnikach. Przedmiotem analizy jest także problem tego, jakie funkcje, zadania i znaczenia nadawano artefaktom, które przedstawiano jako przedmioty mające służyć tworzeniu wizji „nowoczesnego dzieciństwa” i „nowoczesnego rodzicielstwa”. Z powodu obszerności tematu zaprezentowane zostaną postulaty dotyczące zabawek i przedmiotów zalecanych w procesie kształcenia dziecka, głównie w środowisku domowym.

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1 Amor Fati

1 Przegląd Politologiczny

1 Saeculum Christianum. Pismo Historyczne

1 Studia i Materiały do Dziejów Żup Solnych w Polsce

1 Bołdyrew A.

1 GAŁGANEK A.

1 Nawrot-Borowska M.

1 Pawłowska-Pich I.

1 Piechota D.

1 2023

1 2015

1 2012

1 2011

Życie międzynarodowe rzeczy. Przedmioty luksusu i codziennego użytku w społecznej historii stosunków międzynarodowych

W stronę transcendencji. Doświadczenie kresu egzystencji w „Królowej Śniegu” Michaela Cunninghama

Najcenniejsze obiekty w Archiwum Muzeum Żup Krakowskich Wieliczka

Silva rerum nowoczesnego dzieciństwa. Zalecenia dotyczące przedmiotów w otoczeniu dziecka w polskich poradnikach na początku XX w.